An interventional study of Medication for Addiction Treatment (MAT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders (CBT-SUD) in Homelessness and Substance Use Disorder (SUD), sponsored by VA Office of Research and Development. Enrolling by invitation at 1 site in United States. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-30.
Sponsored by VA Office of Research and Development · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other
The Department of Housing and Urban Development-VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) Program provides subsidized permanent housing with case management to homeless-experienced Veterans (HEVs). Up to 40% of Veterans exit HUD-VASH within two years of attaining housing; substance use disorders (SUDs) are one of the largest causes of returns to homelessness for HEVs. CARE-VASH QUERI proposes to implement and evaluate two evidence-based SUD services - Medications for addiction treatment (MAT) and cognitive behavioral therapy for SUDs (CBT-SUD) - among Veterans in HUD-VASH.
The Department of Housing and Urban Development-VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) program provides subsidized, permanent housing and supports to Veterans experiencing homelessness. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a common primary or contributing factor to negative exits from HUD-VASH. The Coordinated Access for Addiction Recovery and Equity in VA Supportive Housing (CARE-VASH) QUERI will implement two evidence-based practices (EBPs) for SUDs-Medications for Addiction Treatment (MAT) and cognitive behavioral therapy for SUDs (CBT-SUD)-in 12 HUD-VASH sites. The investigators will use the Replicating Effective Programs (REP) implementation bundle to support EBP implementation at all 12 sites. Half the sites (n=6) will also receive 9 months of consumer engagement (REP+CE). In a type 3 hybrid trial, the investigators will use mixed methods to examine the impacts of REP vs. REP+CE. Using our trial data, the investigators will develop a budget impact analysis and implementation playbook for our program partners to spread and sustain MAT and CBT-SUD in HUD-VASH.
Exclusion Criteria:
A stakeholder-informed training and technical assistance implementation strategy
Drug: Medication for Addiction Treatment (MAT) · Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders (CBT-SUD)
REP plus CE package (educational materials, peer coaching, toolkit) to support MAT and CBT-SUD implementation.
Drug: Medication for Addiction Treatment (MAT) · Behavioral: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders (CBT-SUD)
No MAT or CBT-SUD implementation
MAT includes medications for alcohol use disorder (MAUD) and medications for opioid use disorder (MAUD). It reduces substance use, increases SUD treatment engagement, enhances quality of life, and reduces overdoses.
Also known as: MAT
An evidence-based psychotherapy that uses cognitive behavioral therapy to further recovery goals across SUD diagnoses.
Also known as: CBT-SUD
Reach of MAT (Medications for Addiction Treatment)
* (percent of) Veterans who used Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) for OUD, ≥1 prescription * (percent of) Veterans who used MOUD for OUD for 180 days since initial prescription (without a break ≥14 days in supply) * (percent of) Veterans who used Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder (MAUD) for AUD, ≥1 prescription * (percent of) Veterans who used MAUD for AUD for 180 days since initial prescription (without a break ≥14 days in supply)
Time frame: 18 months post-implementation
Reach of CBT-SUD (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders)
* (percent of) Veterans with stimulant use disorder who had ≥1 visit for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders (CBT-SUD) or contingency management * (percent of) Veterans with substance use disorder with ≥1 CBT-SUD visit * (percent of) Veterans with substance use disorder with ≥9 CBT-SUD visits
Time frame: 18 months post-implementation
Adoption of MAT (Medications for Addiction Treatment)
% (percent of) Department of Housing and Urban Development - VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) and mental health prescribers engaged with Veterans who ordered Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) / Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder (MAUD) at least once
Time frame: 18 months post-implementation
Adoption of CBT-SUD (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders)
% (percent of) Department of Housing and Urban Development - VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) case managers who delivered ≥1 CBT-SUD (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders) session
Time frame: 18 months post-implementation
Sustainment of MAT (Medications for Addiction Treatment)
* (percent of) Veterans who used Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) for OUD, ≥1 prescription * (percent of) Veterans who used MOUD for OUD for 180 days since initial prescription (without a break ≥14 days in supply) * (percent of) Veterans who used Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder (MAUD) for AUD, ≥1 prescription * (percent of) Veterans who used MAUD for AUD for 180 days since initial prescription (without a break ≥14 days in supply) * (percent of) Department of Housing and Urban Development - VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) and mental health prescribers engaged with Veterans who ordered Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) / Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder (MAUD) at least once
Time frame: 18-27 months post-implementation
Sustainment of CBT-SUD (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders)
* (percent of) Veterans with stimulant use disorder who had ≥1 visit for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders (CBT-SUD) or contingency management * (percent of) Veterans with substance use disorder with ≥1 CBT-SUD visit * (percent of) Veterans with substance use disorder with ≥9 CBT-SUD visits * (percent of) Department of Housing and Urban Development - VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) case managers who delivered ≥1 CBT-SUD (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders) session
Time frame: 18-27 months post-implementation
Housing retention
Difference in the mean days homeless over 1 year of follow-up for Veterans enrolled in trial sites that received the base versus enhanced implementation strategy, versus the expected number of days homeless had they enrolled in a comparison group of all sites not engaged in the trial
Time frame: 1 year after implementation by cohort
Provider experience
Experiences of and satisfaction with providing HUD-VASH services to HEVs with SUDs pre- and post- implementation, which will be assessed using semi-structured qualitative interviews (data will be coded from key findings in the narratives provided during the interviews).
Time frame: Baseline and 18 months post-implementation
Cost impact of Medications for Addiction Treatment (MAT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Substance Use Disorders (CBT-SUD)
The predominant cost of delivering MAT in the Department of Housing and Urban Development-VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) programs is prescriber time; for CBT-SUD, the predominant cost is case manager time. The investigators will use VA administrative data to identify visits in which MAT was prescribed or CBT-SUD was delivered. Interviews with HUD-VASH prescribers will be used to estimate minutes/visit spent on MAT, including visits in which MAT was discussed but not prescribed; at implementation sites, the investigators will add a mandated field to templated CBT-SUD notes that indicates time spent outside the encounter (e.g., preparing for the visit).
Time frame: 18 months (during the course of implementation)
Acute care utilization
Emergency department visits and hospitalizations associated with primary SUD diagnoses
Time frame: 1 year after implementation by cohort
Plan to share: Yes
Supporting information: Study protocol
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