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RecruitingNCT06626035PRECISEUpdated Aug 7, 2026

Evaluation of Analgesia for Cardiac Elective Surgery in Children

A Phase 3 interventional study of Methadone based ERAS and Non-methadone based group in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, sponsored by Senthil Sadhasivam. Recruiting at 3 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 3 Years to 18 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-07.

Sponsored by Senthil Sadhasivam · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
500
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
3 Years to 18 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to look at a standardized methadone-based enhanced recovery after surgery protocol following pediatric cardiac surgery. This study will consist of randomly assigning children to receive the methadone-based recovery procedures or to receive current standard of care recovery procedures. Randomly assigning means that there is a 50/50 chance, like a coin flip, of being assigned to either research group.

Read the detailed description

SPECIFIC AIMS. The multicenter PRECISE Analgesia (Prospective Randomized Evaluation of Analgesia for Cardiac) trials will a) implement and investigate the efficacy and safety of multidose methadone-based standardized enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol, and b) develop personalized ERAS protocols including precision methadone and oxycodone dosing, and c) personalized analgesia for the safe and effective opioid-sparing management of surgical pain after cardiac surgery (CS) in children.

The long-term goal is to proactively improve the safety and efficacy of surgical pain control while reducing opioid AEs and the opioid epidemic burden in all children undergoing inpatient surgeries. The central hypothesis is that a standardized, multidose, methadone-based ERAS protocol will reduce acute surgical pain, overall opioid use, RD, PONV, and CPSP compared with standard-of-care short-acting opioid-based analgesia in children undergoing CS (Aim 1). Investigators will use PK and genetic variations along with CPB-related dilution and clinical factors to develop optimal intra- and post-operative methadone dosing in children to enable precision analgesia in the future (Aim 2). Finally, the study team will identify patient profiles with genetic, epigenetic, PK, clinical, and psychological factors to predict benefit from assigned analgesia for optimal clinical outcomes (Aim 3). The expert multidisciplinary and multicenter team will enroll a total of 1000 children to conduct two parallel randomized clinical trials for CS (500 children 1 month-18 yrs from 5 clinical sites). In this study, specifically, Investigators will:

Aim 1. Conduct a randomized trial in CS to compare acute pain relief, opioid-sparing efficacy, and safety of standardized perioperative multidose methadone-based ERAS vs. standard-of-care non-methadone-based analgesia. Acute surgical pain, opioid needs (morphine equivalents), RD, PONV, and CPSP will be lower in methadone-based analgesia compared to short-acting opioid-based analgesia.

Aim 2. Develop precision methadone dosing based on age, CYP2B6 and ORM1 variants, AAG, and CPB. Age, CYP2B6 and ORM1 variants, AAG levels, and CPB-related dilution will explain methadone's PK variability and dose adjustments that correlate with optimal clinical outcomes among 500 children receiving methadone.

Aim 3. Identify patient profiles that predict benefits from the assigned analgesia protocol to optimize clinical outcomes. Personalized risk prediction models will be developed and validated including genetic variants (i.e., CYP2B6, CYP2D6, ABCB1, OPRM1, and FAAH), and psychological and clinical factors to predict benefit with the assigned treatments (methadone or non-methadone) for pre-specified clinical endpoints (i.e., lower acute surgical pain, RD, PONV, OD, and CPSP).

Overall Impact: The study team will develop actionable evidence for the efficacy of standardized, multidose, methadone-based ERAS protocols and will harness genetic, clinical, and psychological factors contributing to variability in methadone and oxycodone PK, acute surgical pain, transition to CPSP, opioid-induced PONV, RD, and dependence to develop personalized analgesia strategy and dosing for children undergoing CS. Implementation of evidence-based standardized methadone-based ERAS pain management and individualized risk prediction will maximize acute surgical pain relief while minimizing opioid use and AEs in millions of children.

02

Conditions studied

  • Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
3 Years to 18 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Children aged 3-years - \<18 years
  • ASA physical status 1, 2, or 3
  • Participant or legal guardian can speak and read English or Spanish
  • Undergoing the following cardiac surgeries (Categories 1 \& 2) that are associated with significant acute surgical pain

STS Category 1:

  • ASD, PFO closure
  • VSD repairs,
  • Aortic stenosis sub-valvular repair
  • ASD and Partial anomalous venous return repair
  • AV canal transitional
  • Conduit replacement
  • Valve replacement (AVR, PVR)
  • TOF repair without ventriculostomy

STS Category 2:

  • Glenn shunt (on Bypass only)
  • Fontan surgery (on Bypass only)
  • Pulmonary artery plasty (main)
  • Left Atrium (LA) to Pulmonary Artery (PA) conduit replacement.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant patients
  • Methadone allergy
  • Preoperative prolonged QTc more than 460 msec (-30 days to 0 day)
  • Subjects undergoing concomitant treatment with known cytochrome P450 inhibitors included in methadone labeling (i.e. macrolides (e.g. erythromycin), azole-antifungal agents (e.g. ketoconazole, voriconazole), protease inhibitors (e.g. ritonavir), fluconazole, SSRIs (e.g. sertraline, fluvoxamine)
  • Preoperative opioid use within 30 days before surgery
  • History of severe sleep apnea (have a sleep study with an AHI index score more than 10 or clinical signs of sleep disordered breathing - snoring, daytime drowsiness)
  • Significant liver, kidney, neurological disease, developmental delay, or any other co-existing medical condition per discretion of the clinical investigator
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
500 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Methadone-Based ERAS Group

    The methadone-based standardized analgesia intervention arm will include standardized perioperative care and analgesia, including intraoperative intravenous methadone (1st dose: 0.1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 5 mg before incision; 2nd dose: 0.1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 5 mg 4 hours after 1st dose) and postoperatively, up to 4 oral or IV doses of methadone (0.1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 5 mg) every 12 hours before discharge as part of standardized multimodal analgesia in the hospital setting.

    Drug: Methadone based ERAS

  • Active comparator
    Non-Methadone-Based Group

    Children randomized to the standard-of-care arm will receive standard opioid analgesia protocol without intra- and post-operative methadone per the current site standards.

    Drug: Non-methadone based group

Interventions

  • DrugMethadone based ERAS

    Children randomized to the methadone arm will include standardized perioperative care and analgesia, including intraoperative intravenous methadone (1st dose: 0.1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 5 mg before incision; 2nd dose: 0.1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 5 mg 4 hours after 1st dose) and postoperatively, up to 4 oral or IV doses of methadone (0.1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 5 mg) every 12 hours before discharge as part of standardized multimodal analgesia in the hospital setting.

    Also known as: Methadone-Based

  • DrugNon-methadone based group

    Children randomized to the standard-of-care arm will receive standard opioid analgesia protocol without intra- and post-operative methadone per the current site standards.

    Also known as: Standard Care

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Average postoperative pain scores

    Average postoperative pain scores within 48 hours of surgery (Numerical Rating Scale \[NRS\], or Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry, and Consolability \[FLACC\], both 0-10). Outcome will be reported based on area under the curve (AUC) as mean(SD).

    Time frame: Postoperative 48 hours

  2. Total postoperative opioid use

    Total Opioid use in Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME), will be reported as mean (SD).

    Time frame: Postoperative 48 hours

Secondary outcomes

  1. Incidence of Inpatient Respiratory Depression (RD)

    RD is defined as respiratory rate \<8 breaths per minute requiring oxygen in the absence of airway obstruction.

    Time frame: Postoperative 120-hours

  2. Incidence of Inpatient Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)

    PONV will be assessed by self-report, EMR, and medication use. Outcome measure will be reported as n(%).

    Time frame: Postoperative 120-hours

  3. Incidence of Inpatient Sedation

    Sedation will be assessed using the Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) and validated sedation scales extracted from the EMR. Outcome measure will be reported as n(%)

    Time frame: Postoperative 120-hours

  4. QTc Prolongation

    QTc prolongation is defined as more than 460 msec. Outcome measure will be reported as n(%).

    Time frame: Postoperative 48-hours

  5. Length of Hospital Stay (LOS)

    LOS will be recorded in days. Outcome measure will be reported as mean(SD).

    Time frame: Up to 30 days

  6. Persistent Opioid Use

    Based on Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) and self-report data. Outcome measure will be reported as n(%)

    Time frame: 1-week, 1-month, and 3-months post-surgery

  7. Presence of Chronic Postsurgical Pain (CPSP) at 3-months

    CPSP incidence will be defined using NRS pain \>3/10 and functional limitations based on Functional Disability Inventory (FDI). NRS pain scores are on a scale of 0=no pain at all and 10=worst pain imaginable. Outcome measure will be reported as n(%)

    Time frame: 3-months post-surgery

  8. Presence of Opioid Dependence (OD) at 3-months

    OD will be assessed using PROMIS and Prescription Pain Medication Misuse (PPMM). Outcome measure will be reported as n(%).

    Time frame: 3-months post-surgery

06

Study locations

1 of 3 sites recruiting
  • UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital
    Oakland, California 94618, United States
    • Anshuman Sharma, MD · Contact · Anshuman.sharma@UCSF.edu · (510) 428-3000
    • Anshuman Sharma, MD · Principal investigator
    Not yet recruiting
  • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
    Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
    Not yet recruiting
  • UPMC Children's Hospital
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
    • Senthilkumar Sadhasivam, MD, MPH · Contact · sadhasivams@upmc.edu · 412-647-4484
    • Alisha Maslanka, BS · Contact · maslankaaa@upmc.edu · 412-491-2748
    • Senthilkumar Sadhasivam, MD · Principal investigator
    Recruiting
07

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Identifiable data and specimens will be shared with the sponsor of the study. The investigators and the study team will comply with all the NIH's Public Access and Data Sharing requirements including Release of Publications and Sharing of Underlying Primary Data. Release of Publications: The investigators will publish their results in open access journals for broad and free availability immediately without any embargo period. Electronic copies of publications will be deposited within four weeks of acceptance by a journal in PubMed Central with proper metadata to be made discoverable and accessible upon publication.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06626035
Lead sponsor
Senthil Sadhasivam
Collaborators
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Responsible party
Senthil Sadhasivam (Professor, University of Pittsburgh) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Oct 3, 2024
Start date
Dec 17, 2025
Primary completion
Jan 31, 2029 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 31, 2029 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 7, 2026

Study contacts

Senthilkumar Sadhasivam, MD,MPH, MBA, FASA
Contact
sadhasivams@upmc.edu
4126474484
Dayana Alsamsam, BSPS, MSc
Contact
alsamsamd@upmc.edu
Senthilkumar Sadhasivam, MD
principal investigator · University of Pittsburgh
Alisha Maslanka, BS
study director · University of Pittsburgh, UPMC

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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