ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT06175975Updated Dec 19, 2023

The Effect of Auricular Position on Measurement Values and Comfort in Measuring Body Temperature by Tympanic Method in Pediatric Patients

An interventional study of The effect of placing the auricle position on the measurement values and comfort in measurements made with a tympanic membrane thermometer in Body Temperature Changes, sponsored by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa. Recruiting at 1 site in Turkey. Open to participants aged 3 Years to 17 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-12-19.

Sponsored by Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Mar 2024, 2 years 7 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Registered 8 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Dec 2022, registered Aug 2023).
  • Started Dec 2022; still recruiting 3 years 11 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
68
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
3 Years to 17 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The focus of the clinical research is to examine whether there is a difference in body temperature measurements with or without positioning the auricle in the measurements made with a tympanic membrane thermometer in pediatric patients aged 3-17, and to examine the effect of positioning the ear on comfort behaviors.

Read the detailed description

It is the nurses' responsibility to monitor vital signs including body temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure. Ideal body temperature measurement; It should be a method that is reliable, easy, fast, low-cost, best showing the internal temperature of the body and least affected by environmental conditions. Measurement by the tympanic route; It is a method that is frequently preferred because it gives the correct value, measures the internal temperature, and is not affected by oral nutrition and fluid intake. While the measurement in a few seconds saves nurses time, it is also stated that it is more comfortable for patients than other thermometers.Tympanic membrane thermometers measure the temperature of the blood passing through the tympanic membrane in the ear with infrared radiation.If the tip of the thermometer cannot see the tympanic membrane (eardrum), erroneous results may occur. For this reason, the pinna position where the tip of the tympanic thermometer is placed is very important. It has been stated that in pediatric patients, due to the anatomical structure difference compared to adult patients, measurements should be made by placing them in a downward position. In studies conducted with children and newborns, there are different results in the evidence regarding the effect of auricular position on the measurement value. For this reason, this research is planned to determine the effect of auricular position on body temperature measurement values and comfort behaviors by using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and age-appropriate Comfort Daisies developed by Katharine Kolcaba in measurements made with a tympanic membrane thermometer in pediatric patients aged 3-17 years. With the results obtained from this study, it will be evaluated how the auricle position affects the measurement values and comfort behaviors in measuring body temperature by tympanic way in pediatric patients aged 3-17 years. It is thought that the results of this study will contribute to nursing practices and research.

Hypotheses:

H0: There is no significant difference between the body temperature measurement value, VAS score and comfort score performed without pulling the auricle, and the body temperature measurement value, VAS score and comfort score performed by pulling the auricle.

H1: There is a significant difference between the comfort behavior score in the measurement made without pulling the auricle and the comfort behavior score in the measurement made by pulling the auricle.

H2: There is a significant difference between the body temperature measurement value made without pulling the auricle and the body temperature measurement value made by pulling the auricle in patients.

Comparison Hypothesis:

H0: The body temperature measurement value without pulling the auricle, the body temperature measurement value made by pulling the auricle, the VAS score and the comfort score do not differ significantly according to socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, etc.) and environment.

H1: In patients, the body temperature measurement value without pulling the auricle, the body temperature measurement value made by pulling the auricle, the VAS score and the comfort score show significant differences according to socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, etc.) and environment.

02

Conditions studied

  • Body Temperature Changes

Keywords

  • Auricular position
  • Comfort
  • Pediatric patients
03

In context

Body Temperature Changes

97 studies on the registry are indexed under Body Temperature Changes; 20 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 68 is above the median of 40 across 68 interventional studies indexed under Body Temperature Changes.

Browse Body Temperature Changes studies →

Lead sponsor

Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa is the lead sponsor of 699 studies on the registry; 213 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
3 Years to 17 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Being between the ages of 3-17
  2. Receiving inpatient care/treatment in the Pediatric Intensive Care Clinic
  3. For the pediatric patient, the parents' willingness to participate in the study

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Being outside the age range of 3-17
  2. Patient's medical condition;

    • Being sedated or unconscious,
    • Being intubated or tracheostomized,
    • Have had a head injury,
    • Have an ear disease, have an trauma/surgery,
    • Have an ear discharge, ear infection,
    • Have sepsis.
  3. Implementation of interventions/treatments that will affect the measurement;

    • Application of treatment (drops) by ear,
    • Last antipyretic treatment taken before 4 hours,
    • Before and during body temperature measurement, interventions (hot and cold application, blood transfusion, hemodialysis and plasma exchange) that will affect the measurement
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
68 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Auricular position

    Experimental group: We will position the auricula back and up first while taking body temperature in pediatric patients. And then we will take body temperature without positioning.

    Other: The effect of placing the auricle position on the measurement values and comfort in measurements made with a tympanic membrane thermometer

  • No intervention
    Without auricular position

    Controlled group: We will not position the auricula first while taking body temperature. And then we will position the auricula back and up.

Interventions

  • OtherThe effect of placing the auricle position on the measurement values and comfort in measurements made with a tympanic membrane thermometer

    The effect of placing the auricle position on the measurement values and comfort in measurements made with a tympanic membrane thermometer

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Body temperature changes with or without positioning the auricula in pediatric patients.

    We will measure the body temperature with tympanic thermometer and will use the Celcius as a measure of unit.

    Time frame: 2 minutes

  2. Level of comfort changes (by using Comfort Daisies) with or without positioning the auricula in pediatric patients.

    We will use Comfort Daisies. Comfort Daisies has 4 daisies which include the expressions like "very good, sort of good, sort of bad and very bad".

    Time frame: 2 minutes

  3. Level of comfort changes (by using Visual Analogue Scale) with or without positioning the auricula in pediatric patients.

    We will use VAS (Visual Analogue Scale).Visual Analogue Scale is between 0 to 10.

    Time frame: 2 minutes

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Oguz F, Yildiz I, Varkal MA, Hizli Z, Toprak S, Kaymakci K, Saygili SK, Kilic A, Unuvar E. Axillary and Tympanic Temperature Measurement in Children and Normal Values for Ages. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2018 Mar;34(3):169-173. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000693. PubMed 27050739 ↗
  • Uslu S, Ozdemir H, Bulbul A, Comert S, Bolat F, Can E, Nuhoglu A. A comparison of different methods of temperature measurements in sick newborns. J Trop Pediatr. 2011 Dec;57(6):418-23. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmq120. Epub 2011 Jan 18. PubMed 21245075 ↗
  • Dante A, Franconi I, Marucci AR, Alfes CM, Lancia L. Evaluating the Interchangeability of Forehead, Tympanic, and Axillary Thermometers in Italian Paediatric Clinical Settings: Results of a Multicentre Observational Study. J Pediatr Nurs. 2020 May-Jun;52:e21-e25. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.11.014. Epub 2019 Dec 14. PubMed 31848034 ↗
  • Allegaert K, Casteels K, van Gorp I, Bogaert G. Tympanic, infrared skin, and temporal artery scan thermometers compared with rectal measurement in children: a real-life assessment. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2014 May 8;76:34-8. doi: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2013.11.005. eCollection 2014 Dec. PubMed 25067984 ↗
  • Kolcaba K, DiMarco MA. Comfort Theory and its application to pediatric nursing. Pediatr Nurs. 2005 May-Jun;31(3):187-94. PubMed 16060582 ↗
  • Kocoglu H, Goksu S, Isik M, Akturk Z, Bayazit YA. Infrared tympanic thermometer can accurately measure the body temperature in children in an emergency room setting. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2002 Aug 1;65(1):39-43. doi: 10.1016/s0165-5876(02)00129-5. PubMed 12127221 ↗
  • Kolcaba KY. A taxonomic structure for the concept comfort. Image J Nurs Sch. 1991 Winter;23(4):237-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1991.tb00678.x. PubMed 1937522 ↗
  • Kolcaba KY. A theory of holistic comfort for nursing. J Adv Nurs. 1994 Jun;19(6):1178-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1994.tb01202.x. PubMed 7930099 ↗
  • Childs C, Harrison R, Hodkinson C. Tympanic membrane temperature as a measure of core temperature. Arch Dis Child. 1999 Mar;80(3):262-6. doi: 10.1136/adc.80.3.262. PubMed 10325708 ↗
  • Pransky SM. The impact of technique and conditions of the tympanic membrane upon infrared tympanic thermometry. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1991 Apr;30(4 Suppl):50-2; discussion 60. doi: 10.1177/0009922891030004S15. No abstract available. PubMed 2029821 ↗
  • Orkun N, Eser I. The Effect of Pinna Position on Body Temperature Measurements Made with a Tympanic MembraneThermometer in Pediatric Patients. J Pediatr Res. 2020;7(2):132-8.

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Dec 2022 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Mar 2024, 15 months after the start.

Of 44 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Body Temperature Changes, half reached primary completion within 5 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 3 and three quarters within 21. This study's planned 15 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 44 studies reached it within 5 months; a quarter within 3 and three quarters within 21.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Aug 6, 2023
First posted
Dec 19, 2023
StartActual
Dec 1, 2022
Primary completionEst.
Mar 22, 2024
CompletionEst.
Mar 22, 2024
Last update
Dec 19, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 19, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06175975
Responsible party
Hilal Yilmaz (Master's degree student of Fundamentals of Nursing, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa) — Principal investigator
First posted
Dec 19, 2023
Start date
Dec 1, 2022
Primary completion
Mar 22, 2024 (estimated)
Completion
Mar 22, 2024 (estimated)
Last update
Dec 19, 2023

Study contacts

Hilal Yilmaz
Contact
hilal.yilmaz2@ogr.iuc.edu.tr
+905452904665
Aylin Ozakgul
Contact
aylin.ozakgul@iuc.edu.tr
+905320655170
Hilal Yilmaz
principal investigator · Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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