An observational study in Snakebite and Epidemiology, sponsored by Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. Enrolling by invitation at 1 site in Kenya. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-11-09.
Sponsored by Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine · Observational
The goal of this observational study is to learn about how snakebite risk varies in different environments in Kenya and understand how this information can be used to support decision makers.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants in the community survey will be asked survey questions about the history of snakebite in their household. Participants in the key informant interviews will be interviewed to understand how data on snakebite risk can be best presented to support their work.
This study aims to understand whether spatial analysis methods can support the assessment and prediction of geographical variation in snakebite risk.
The investigators will analyse data collected from community and health facility surveys conducted in geographically, ecologically and demographically diverse areas of Kenya and Eswatini. Data sources will comprise existing snakebite incidence data from both countries and prospective data collected through adding snakebite questions to planned health/demographic survey platforms where feasible and conducting a small number of stand-alone cluster-sampled surveys to complement this. Selected households will be invited to complete short questionnaires covering sociodemographic details and snakebite history. Survey data will be compared with health facility data collected in the same locations to assess the value and relative bias of different data sources to snakebite risk assessment. Data will be analysed using geostatistical techniques, and predicted risk will be mapped within and beyond sampled locations where appropriate. Our findings will build knowledge on spatial determinants of snakebite within these countries and support development of a risk mapping methodology for snakebite. Identification of high-risk locations will also support advocacy for resources and guide treatment and prevention activities.
Interviews will also be conducted with key stakeholders in healthcare and research fields in Kenya to help us understand the healthcare decision-making process and how outputs from spatial analysis of snakebite data can be best presented to support this. Interview results will aid development of recommendations for the optimal presentation of snakebite data to support programmatic decision making.
38 studies on the registry are indexed under Snake Bites; 11 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 70,000 is above the median of 99 across 19 observational studies indexed under Snake Bites.
Browse Snake Bites studies →Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine is the lead sponsor of 57 studies on the registry; 23 are open to participants now.
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Community surveys
Key informant interviews:
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Household Screening Questionnaire:
Snakebite Details Questionnaire:
Key informant interviews:
Exclusion Criteria:
Household Screening Questionnaire:
Snakebite Details Questionnaire:
Key informant interviews:
Households included in a planned demographic and health survey (DSS). All participants included in this survey will be invited to respond to snakebite questions.
Other: Survey questionnaire
25 households randomly selected for inclusion within each survey cluster. Survey clusters will be randomly selected enumeration units within study Counties.
Other: Survey questionnaire
25 households randomly selected for inclusion within each survey cluster. Survey clusters will be randomly selected enumeration units within study Counties.
Other: Survey questionnaire
Stakeholders in the process of healthcare decision making and research relevant to snakebite and snakebite envenoming
Other: Key informant interview
Household screening questionnaire Snakebite details questionnaire where a history of snakebite is reported
Semi-structured interview with selected key informants
Geostatistical model of snakebite risk in Kenya and Eswatini
A geostatistical model of snakebite risk, detailing the statistical association between selected covariates and snakebite risk, based on analysis of data on snakebite incidence collected from contrasting locations in Kenya and Eswatini.
Time frame: Through study completion, estimated end of 2024
An assessment of the accuracy of snakebite incidence data reported from routine surveillance systems relative to community survey estimates
An assessment of the accuracy of routine surveillance data sources in relation to community survey incidence estimates (the gold standard measure) in each study location.
Time frame: Through study completion, estimated end of 2024
Recommendations
A thematic analysis of key informant interviews on the potential role of and key features needed in snakebite risk maps in order for them to provide utility in healthcare decision making and a set of recommendations to guide presentation of spatial outputs on snakebite risk.
Time frame: Through study completion, estimated end of 2024
Plan to share: Yes — Anonymised quantitative datasets (excluding household GPS) and the R code used for analysis will be made available.
Supporting information: Analytic code
Time frame: following study completion and publication of key study outputs
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
Started Jun 2023 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2024, 18 months after the start.
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Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine