A Phase 3 interventional study of isoniazid and rifapentine and Rifampin and Isoniazid in Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis, sponsored by Huashan Hospital. Recruiting at 66 sites in China. Open to participants aged 13 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-07-14.
Sponsored by Huashan Hospital · Phase 3, Interventional, and Prevention
This is a prospective, multi-center, open-label, cluster randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in school settings to estimate the non-inferiority effect of 1H3P3 compared with 3HR.
Background： Adolescents are susceptible to tuberculosis. Almost 1.1 million children (aged below 15 years) and another half a million older adolescents (15-19 years) become ill with TB every year. Approximately 5%-10% people infected with TB develop to active disease, which suggest that a great proportion of adolescents remain undiagnosed and unprotected. Undiagnosed cases and school-based transmission contribute to the burden of TB among adolescents. Closing the gap in targeted interventions for TB prevention in schools is essential to break the cycle of transmission and ensure the well-being of school-aged adolescents. However, TB preventive treatment targeted on adolescents are still lacking.
Method： This is a prospective, multicenter, open-label, non-inferiority, cluster randomized controlled clinical trial within the national tuberculosis control program of GuiZhou,China. Close contacts of school tuberculosis index cases are actively screened with QFT(QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus), chest X-ray, pooled GeneXpert MTB/RIF test of sputum and symptoms. After ruling out active tuberculosis, LTBI students are enrolled to attend a non-inferiority, cluster randomized controlled clinical trial. The students will be given either 3HR or 1H3P3 regimen and followed for two years. Our primary endpoint is culture or GeneXpert MTB/RIF confirmed TB or clinically highly suggested TB. Assume ICC (interclass correlation coefficient) to be 0.05, and the the lost to follow-up rate is 10%, the study will need 1760 subjects per arm to provide 80% power to detect a 20% non-inferiority margin of primary endpoint between the two arms.
Discussion:
The effectiveness of contact investigation among adolescent students as a tool for improved tuberculosis control has not been established. The integration of ultra-short treatment regimens with active screening holds the potential to provide a comprehensive and effective strategy for tuberculosis prevention and control in school environments, which may help reform the national tuberculosis policy regarding adolescent TB.
199 studies on the registry are indexed under Latent Tuberculosis; 48 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 3,520 is above the median of 300 across 110 interventional studies indexed under Latent Tuberculosis.
Browse Latent Tuberculosis studies →Huashan Hospital is the lead sponsor of 247 studies on the registry; 104 are open to participants now.
Compared within Latent Tuberculosis, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Tuberculosis. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
School-registered individuals including:
Close contacts of active pulmonary TB index cases (confirmed or clinically diagnosed) within the school, defined by meeting both of the following:
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.
Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.
Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.
After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hypersensitivity
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hepatitis B tests
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.
Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hepatitis C tests
Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.
After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ALT and AST (liver enzymes)
Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.
Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Immunosuppression
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Platelets
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
12-dose ultra-short TPT 1H3P3 regimen of isoniazid and rifapentine 3 times a week for one month
Drug: isoniazid and rifapentine
3HR regimen of isoniazid and rifampicin once daily for three months
Drug: Rifampin and Isoniazid
Drug pages: Isoniazid · Rifapentine
12-dose ultra-short TPT 1H3P3 regimen of isoniazid and rifapentine 3 times a week for 4 weeks
Also known as: 1H3P3
Drug pages: Rifampin · Isoniazid
3HR regimen of isoniazid and rifampicin once daily for three months
Also known as: 3HR
Cumulative incidence of active tuberculosis (TB) over 24 months
The primary endpoint is a composite of bacteriologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed active TB within 24 months after randomization. Bacteriologically confirmed TB is defined as M. tuberculosis detection by sputum culture and/or molecular assay (e.g., GeneXpert MTB/RIF). Clinically diagnosed TB requires the presence of ≥2 objective clinical symptoms (cough ≥2 weeks, fever, night sweats, weight loss \>10%, or hemoptysis) plus chest imaging findings highly suggestive of active TB, after exclusion of alternative diagnoses. This measure will be used to assess the non-inferiority of the 1H3P3 regimen compared to the 3HR regimen.
Time frame: up to 24 months after randomization
Proportion of participants with adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs)
To compare the safety profiles between the 1H3P3 and 3HR regimens. All AEs and SAEs will be documented, and group differences in AE proportions will be analyzed. Severity will be graded per the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) table.
Time frame: from first dose to one month after treatment completion
Incidence of treatment discontinuation attributable to AEs
To compare the treatment discontinuation rates due to AEs between the 1H3P3 and 3HR regimens
Time frame: During the treatment course period (up to 1 month for 1H3P3 arm and up to 3 months for 3HR arm).
Treatment completion rate.
Defined as the proportion of participants who complete ≥90% of scheduled doses within 110% of the planned treatment duration (≥11 doses within 6 weeks for 1H3P3 group and ≥81 doses within 16 weeks for 3HR group)
Time frame: up to 16 weeks from randomization
All-cause mortality.
Death from any cause during the 24-month follow-up period.
Time frame: up to 24 months after randomization
Acquired drug resistance
The proportion of participants who develop active TB post-TPT and whose M. tuberculosis isolate shows resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, or rifapentine by drug susceptibility testing or targeted molecular assays.
Time frame: At time of active TB diagnosis, up to 24 months post-randomization.
2-year cumulative incidence of active TB in the non-intervention cohort
To establish the background incidence of active TB among high-risk LTBI individuals who declined TPT, and to quantify the risk reduction rate (protective efficacy) of the 1H3P3 and 3HR regimens relative to this non-intervention cohort. Risk reduction rate = 1-(intervention group incidence / nonintervention group incidence)
Time frame: From enrollment up to 24 months.
Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) - Health-related Quality of Life (Exploratory)
Health state utility and EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ VAS) values will be measured using the EuroQol 5-Dimensions 3-Level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire. This exploratory endpoint was introduced via a protocol amendment and will be administered only to participants enrolled after the amendment effective date. Assessments occur at baseline and at each on-treatment visit.
Time frame: From baseline up to 1 month post-treatment completion
Plan to share: No — This research targets adolescent students in school. We decide not to share IPD from the ethical perspective.
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Studies of the drugs tested here: Isoniazid · Rifapentine