ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05937594Updated Feb 10, 2026

MicroRNA Biomarkers for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

An observational study in Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome and Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, sponsored by Milton S. Hershey Medical Center. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 1 Day to 5 Days. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-10.

Sponsored by Milton S. Hershey Medical Center · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Jan 2020; still recruiting 6 years 9 months later.

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Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
50
Ages
1 Day to 5 Days
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-14

Among 59 studies in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome with a site in United States — 4 open to participants now, 7 under way, none of them phase 3. Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome · United States.

Planned enrollment
7th of 12
50 · median 58
Started
2020
with 8 others
Observational
12 of 59
2 open now
Registered
57th of 59
by date

Among the 59 studies in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome with a site in United States, this one is the 7th largest by planned enrollment of the 12 observational ones that give a count, is one of 9 that started in 2020, is one of 12 observational ones, and was the 57th registered.

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

68 studies on the registry are indexed under Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome; 6 are open to participants now.

Browse Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome studies →

Open to participants now

4 of the 59 studies in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

All 4 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 4 Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome studies recruiting now, 3 set no upper age limit and 1 stops at 75 or younger; 3 take children under 18; 1 takes healthy volunteers.

This study: 1 Day to 5 Days · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

Infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) experience prolonged hospital stays and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, in-part because of the lack of accurate, individualized, biologic assessments available to manage this increasingly common medical condition. The proposed study will define the molecular mechanisms that regulate the response to opioid withdrawal in the developing brain by focusing on three candidate microRNAs (let-7a, miR-146a, miR-192) that have been shown to respond to opioid exposure in animal models and adults, and are impacted in both my preliminary study of infants with NAS, and my human neural progenitor cell (NPC) design of opioid withdrawal. By determining the mechanism through which microRNAs impact NPC differentiation in opioid withdrawal, and determining whether exosomal salivary microRNA levels predict treatment dose and neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with NAS, this study will enhance our knowledge of NAS-related biology and identify potential biomarkers that could improve medical care for this important medical condition.

03

Conditions studied

  • Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome
  • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

Keywords

  • microRNA
  • saliva
  • neurodevelopmental
  • exosomes
  • infant
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
1 Day to 5 Days
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Infants enrolled into the study were exposed to opiates in-utero for at least one month of gestation. All infants enrolled meet the eligibility criteria listed above.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Newborns ≥35weeks gestation with chronic in-utero opioid exposure (>1month of gestation exposure). Maternal exposure will be determined by evaluating the medical records for maternal medication use, maternal urine toxicology and neonatal meconium toxicology results per standard clinical care
  • Neonates born at Penn State Hershey Medical Center or transferred at \<48 hours after birth
  • Mothers with chronic in-utero opioid use during pregnancy ( ≥1month of gestation)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • \<35 week gestation
  • Infant required mechanical ventilation or non-invasive mechanical support
  • Infant exposure to magnesium sulfate
  • Opioid-exposed neonates who are actively receiving dextrose infusion for persistent neonatal hypoglycemia at the time of enrollment (\<48hours after birth).
  • Infant with major congenital anomalies
  • Parent or guardian unable to provide consent
  • Mothers and neonates without history of opioid exposure/dependence
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
50 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No
Biospecimen retention
Samples with dna

Groups and cohorts

  • Infants exposed to in utero opiates

    Infants that meet IRB-approved inclusion/exclusion criteria.

    Genetic: Buccal swab saliva for further genetic testing

Interventions

  • GeneticBuccal swab saliva for further genetic testing

    Genetic testing. Whole saliva RNA will be isolated for downstream microRNA quantification.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Neurodevelopmental outcome scores

    Measured by Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3, score scale 0-60

    Time frame: 6 months of age

  2. Maximum concentration of morphine required for withdrawal symptom control

    Measured in mg/kg/ml

    Time frame: Measured during the course of hospital stay

  3. Salivary microRNA level let-7a

    Relative fluorescence (Cq) measured by qPCR using established housekeeping gene

    Time frame: Buccal swab collected within 96 hrs of life and at discharge

  4. Salivary level of microRNA-146a

    Relative fluorescence (Cq) measured by qPCR using established housekeeping gene

    Time frame: Buccal swab collected within 96 hrs of life and at discharge

  5. Salivary level of microRNA-192

    Relative fluorescence (Cq) measured by qPCR using established housekeeping gene

    Time frame: Buccal swab collected within 96 hrs of life and at discharge

  6. Salivary level of microRNA-149-3p

    Relative fluorescence (Cq) measured by qPCR using established housekeeping gene

    Time frame: Buccal swab collected within 96 hrs of life and at discharge

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started Jan 2020 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2026, 82 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jun 30, 2023
First posted
Jul 10, 2023
StartActual
Jan 15, 2020
Primary completionEst.
Dec 10, 2026
CompletionEst.
Apr 10, 2027
Last update
Feb 10, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 10, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05937594
Responsible party
Steven Hicks (Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Penn State University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jul 10, 2023
Start date
Jan 15, 2020
Primary completion
Dec 10, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Apr 10, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Feb 10, 2026

Study contacts

Rhea E Sullivan, B.S.
Contact
rsullivan2@pennstatehealth.psu.edu
717-531-0003 ext. 321585
Steven D. Hicks, MD, PhD
principal investigator · Associate Professor of Pediatrics

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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