A Phase 2 interventional study of Neflamapimod and Placebo in Dementia With Lewy Bodies, sponsored by EIP Pharma Inc. Completed at 40 sites in 3 countries. Open to participants aged 55 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-03.
Sponsored by EIP Pharma Inc · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment
The purpose of this study is to determine whether neflamapimod can improve learning skills, problem solving skills, and memory loss in people diagnosed with DLB. More specifically, improvement in verbal learning, memory, and attention, as well as cognitive and functional performance will be measured.
This study includes a 16-week blinded treatment period (randomized 1:1 neflamapimod:placebo) and a 32 week open-label extension during which all participants receive neflamapimod.
3. Probable DLB by consensus criteria (McKeith et al, 2017), including a positive DaTscan™. Specifically, the subject must have the presence of dementia in association with:
Background dementia therapy:
Exclusion Criteria:
All participants who complete the initial 16-week period of the study will be able to continue in the study and receive neflamapimod for an additional 32 weeks (8 months) regardless of whether they received neflamapimod of placebo during the the first 16 weeks.
Neflamapimod will be administered with food for 16 weeks in participants with DLB. Participants will receive 3 capsules per day (TID) with food (i.e., with the morning, mid-day and evening meals).
Drug: Neflamapimod
Placebo will be administered with food for 16 weeks in participants with DLB. Participants will receive 3 capsules per day (TID) with food (i.e., with the morning, mid-day and evening meals).
Drug: Placebo
Neflamapimod will be administered with food for 32 weeks in participants with DLB who have completed the blinded treatment period. Participants will receive 3 capsules per day (TID) with food (i.e., with the morning, mid-day and evening meals).
Drug: Neflamapimod
Neflamapimod is a highly specific inhibitor of the intra-cellular enzyme mitogen-activated protein kinase14 (p38α) provided in 40mg capsules
Also known as: VX-745
Placebo is a capsule that looks just like neflamapimod but without the active ingredients
Change in Clinical Dementia Rating Scale - Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period)
Evaluate the efficacy of neflamapimod, compared to placebo, as a treatment for DLB, as assessed by the CDR-SB scale. CDR-SB scores range from 0 to 18 with a higher score indicating worsening of cognitive impairment.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Change in Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period)
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves motor function in participants with DLB, compared to placebo, as assessed by the TUG test. TUG scores typically range from 6 to 20 seconds with a higher score indicating worse mobility. A score of \>15 indicates an increased risk of falls.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Change in the Composite Score of the Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB), Including Tests of Attention, Executive Function, and Visual Learning in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period)
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves cognition, compared to placebo, as assessed by a DLB-specific NTB in participants with DLB. NTB includes Cogstate Detection test (DET), Cogstate Identification test (IDN), Cogstate One Card Learning test (OCL), Cogstate One Back test (ONB). Each score on the individual tests is converted to a z-score, and then a total z-score for the composite is calculated, in which each test is weighted equally. As the analysis is based on z-scores, there is no minimum or maximum value. A z-score of 0 is equal to the mean with negative numbers indicating values lower than the mean and positive values higher. A positive change in z-score indicates an improvement in cognition and a negative change in z-score indicates a worsening in cognition.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-GCIC) Score at Week 16 in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period)
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves global (cognition, function and behavior) disease status evaluated by a clinician with caregiver input, compared to placebo, in participants with DLB, as assessed ADCS-CGIC score. ADCS-CGIC scores range from 1 to 7, where 1 = marked improvement, 2= moderate improvement, 3 = minimal improvement, 4 = no change, 5 = minimal worsening, 6 = moderate worsening, and 7 = marked worsening.
Time frame: 16 weeks
Change in Clinical Dementia Rating Scale - Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (1st 16 Weeks of Extension Phase)
Evaluate the efficacy of neflamapimod, in recipients of Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B, as a treatment for DLB, as assessed by the CDR-SB scale. CDR-SB scores range from 0 to 18 with a higher score indicating worsening of cognitive impairment.
Time frame: 16 weeks of the extension phase
Change in Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (1st 16 Weeks of Extension Phase)
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves motor function in participants with DLB, in recipients of Drug Batch A compared to Drug Batch B, as assessed by the TUG test. TUG scores typically range from 6 to 20 seconds with a higher score indicating worse mobility. A score of \>15 indicates an increased risk of falls.
Time frame: 16 weeks of the extension phase
Change in the Composite Score of the Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB), Including Tests of Attention, Executive Function, and Visual Learning in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (1st 16 Weeks of Extension Phase)
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves cognition, in recipients of Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B as assessed by a DLB-specific NTB in participants with DLB. NTB includes Cogstate Detection test (DET), Cogstate Identification test (IDN), Cogstate One Card Learning test (OCL), Cogstate One Back test (ONB). Each score on the individual tests is converted to a z-score, and then a total z-score for the composite is calculated, in which each test is weighted equally. As the analysis is based on z-scores, there is no minimum or maximum value. A z-score of 0 is equal to the mean with negative numbers indicating values lower than the mean and positive values higher. A positive change in z-score indicates an improvement in cognition and a negative change in z-score indicates a worsening in cognition.
Time frame: 16 weeks of the extension phase
Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC) Score at Week 8 in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (Extension Phase)
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves global (cognition, function and behavior) disease status evaluated by a clinician with caregiver input, in recipients of Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B, in patients with DLB, as assessed ADCS-CGIC score. ADCS-CGIC scores range from 1 to 7, where 1 = marked improvement, 2= moderate improvement, 3 = minimal improvement, 4 = no change, 5 = minimal worsening, 6 = moderate worsening, and 7 = marked worsening.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Exploratory Outcome - Plasma Biomarker, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Measurement at Week 32 (Extension Phase)
Change from Start of Extension Phase in GFAP levels in neflamapimod-treated participants, Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B, over 32 weeks. GFAP in plasma is measured in pg/mL (picograms per milliliter) and a reduction in levels is associated with clinical improvement
Time frame: 32 weeks
From July 2023 to June 2024, 335 participants were recruited for screening, of which 159 were randomized at 40 centers in the United States, United Kingdom, and Netherlands.
| Milestone | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Neflamapimod Only Extension |
|---|---|---|---|
| Started | 79 | 80 | 0 |
| Completed | 75 | 77 | 0 |
| Not completed | 4 | 3 | 0 |
| Milestone | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Neflamapimod Only Extension |
|---|---|---|---|
| Started | 0 | 0 | 149 |
| Participants who received dp batch a >50% of the weeks, at week 16 in the extension phase | 0 | 0 | 55 |
| Participants who received dp batch b ≥ 50% of the weeks, at week 16 in the extension phase | 0 | 0 | 94 |
| Participants who received only dp batch a in the extension phase | 0 | 0 | 20 |
| Participants who received dp batch b for all or a portion of the extension phase | 0 | 0 | 129 |
| Participants who received dp batch a >50% of the weeks, at week 8 in the extension phase | 0 | 0 | 81 |
| Participants who received dp batch b ≥ 50% of the weeks, at week 8 in the extension phase | 0 | 0 | 68 |
| Completed | 0 | 0 | 122 |
| Not completed | 0 | 0 | 27 |
Evaluate the efficacy of neflamapimod, compared to placebo, as a treatment for DLB, as assessed by the CDR-SB scale. CDR-SB scores range from 0 to 18 with a higher score indicating worsening of cognitive impairment.
| Scores on a scale | Neflamapimod | Placebo |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Clinical Dementia Rating Scale - Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period) | 0.36 ± 0.193 | 0.34 ± 0.188 |
Evaluate the efficacy of neflamapimod, in recipients of Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B, as a treatment for DLB, as assessed by the CDR-SB scale. CDR-SB scores range from 0 to 18 with a higher score indicating worsening of cognitive impairment.
| Scores on a scale | Extension Phase Batch A | Extension Phase Batch B |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Clinical Dementia Rating Scale - Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (1st 16 Weeks of Extension Phase) | 1.1 ± 0.29 | 0.63 ± 0.21 |
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves motor function in participants with DLB, compared to placebo, as assessed by the TUG test. TUG scores typically range from 6 to 20 seconds with a higher score indicating worse mobility. A score of \>15 indicates an increased risk of falls.
| Seconds | Neflamapimod | Placebo |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period) | 0.28 ± 1.070 | 0.03 ± 1.030 |
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves motor function in participants with DLB, in recipients of Drug Batch A compared to Drug Batch B, as assessed by the TUG test. TUG scores typically range from 6 to 20 seconds with a higher score indicating worse mobility. A score of \>15 indicates an increased risk of falls.
| Seconds | Extension Phase Batch A | Extension Phase Batch B |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (1st 16 Weeks of Extension Phase) | 0.85 ± 0.46 | 0.03 ± 0.36 |
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves cognition, compared to placebo, as assessed by a DLB-specific NTB in participants with DLB. NTB includes Cogstate Detection test (DET), Cogstate Identification test (IDN), Cogstate One Card Learning test (OCL), Cogstate One Back test (ONB). Each score on the individual tests is converted to a z-score, and then a total z-score for the composite is calculated, in which each test is weighted equally. As the analysis is based on z-scores, there is no minimum or maximum value. A z-score of 0 is equal to the mean with negative numbers indicating values lower than the mean and positive values higher. A positive change in z-score indicates an improvement in cognition and a negative change in z-score indicates a worsening in cognition.
| Z-score | Neflamapimod | Placebo |
|---|---|---|
| Change in the Composite Score of the Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB), Including Tests of Attention, Executive Function, and Visual Learning in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period) | 0.05 ± 0.052 | 0.07 ± 0.048 |
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves cognition, in recipients of Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B as assessed by a DLB-specific NTB in participants with DLB. NTB includes Cogstate Detection test (DET), Cogstate Identification test (IDN), Cogstate One Card Learning test (OCL), Cogstate One Back test (ONB). Each score on the individual tests is converted to a z-score, and then a total z-score for the composite is calculated, in which each test is weighted equally. As the analysis is based on z-scores, there is no minimum or maximum value. A z-score of 0 is equal to the mean with negative numbers indicating values lower than the mean and positive values higher. A positive change in z-score indicates an improvement in cognition and a negative change in z-score indicates a worsening in cognition.
| Z-score | Extension Phase Batch A | Extension Phase Batch B |
|---|---|---|
| Change in the Composite Score of the Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB), Including Tests of Attention, Executive Function, and Visual Learning in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (1st 16 Weeks of Extension Phase) | -0.09 ± 0.08 | -0.06 ± 0.05 |
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves global (cognition, function and behavior) disease status evaluated by a clinician with caregiver input, compared to placebo, in participants with DLB, as assessed ADCS-CGIC score. ADCS-CGIC scores range from 1 to 7, where 1 = marked improvement, 2= moderate improvement, 3 = minimal improvement, 4 = no change, 5 = minimal worsening, 6 = moderate worsening, and 7 = marked worsening.
| Scores on a scale | Neflamapimod | Placebo |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-GCIC) Score at Week 16 in Neflamapimod-treated Participants Compared to Placebo Recipients (Blinded Treatment Period) | 4.4 ± 0.93 | 4.5 ± 1.1 |
Evaluate if neflamapimod improves global (cognition, function and behavior) disease status evaluated by a clinician with caregiver input, in recipients of Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B, in patients with DLB, as assessed ADCS-CGIC score. ADCS-CGIC scores range from 1 to 7, where 1 = marked improvement, 2= moderate improvement, 3 = minimal improvement, 4 = no change, 5 = minimal worsening, 6 = moderate worsening, and 7 = marked worsening.
| Scores on a scale | Extension Phase Batch A | Extension Phase Batch B |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Clinical Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC) Score at Week 8 in Neflamapimod-treated Participants, DP Batch A Compared to DP Batch B (Extension Phase) | 4.42 ± 0.12 | 4.02 ± 0.15 |
Change from Start of Extension Phase in GFAP levels in neflamapimod-treated participants, Drug Product (DP) Batch A compared to Drug Product (DP) Batch B, over 32 weeks. GFAP in plasma is measured in pg/mL (picograms per milliliter) and a reduction in levels is associated with clinical improvement
| pg/mL | Extension Phase Batch A | Extension Phase Batch B |
|---|---|---|
| Exploratory Outcome - Plasma Biomarker, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Measurement at Week 32 (Extension Phase) | 10.49 (-6.472 to 27.45) | -18.4 (-26.18 to -10.62) |
Collected over Adverse events (AEs) occurring from when the subject signed the informed consent form (ICF) until the last study event were collected, up to 55 weeks in duration.. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neflamapimod | 0/79 (0%) | 5/79 (6.3%) | 58/79 (73.4%) |
| Placebo | 2/80 (2.5%) | 8/80 (10%) | 58/80 (72.5%) |
| Open-label Extension | 2/149 (1.3%) | 22/149 (14.8%) | 61/149 (40.9%) |
| Event | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Open-label Extension |
|---|---|---|---|
| SyncopeNervous system disorders | 0/79 | 0/80 | 3/149 |
| Urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations | 1/79 | 1/80 | 2/149 |
| Mental status changesPsychiatric disorders | 0/79 | 0/80 | 2/149 |
| FallInjury, poisoning and procedural complications | 0/79 | 0/80 | 2/149 |
| COVID-19Infections and infestations | 1/79 | 0/80 | 1/149 |
| PneumoniaInfections and infestations | 1/79 | 0/80 | 0/149 |
| Colitis ischemicGastrointestinal disorders | 1/79 | 0/80 | 0/149 |
| DehydrationMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 1/79 | 0/80 | 0/149 |
| Pleural effusionRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 1/79 | 0/80 | 0/149 |
| AgitationPsychiatric disorders | 0/79 | 1/80 | 1/149 |
| Event | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Open-label Extension |
|---|---|---|---|
| FallInjury, poisoning and procedural complications | 12/79 | 15/80 | 25/149 |
| HeadacheNervous system disorders | 5/79 | 10/80 | 7/149 |
| COVID-19Infections and infestations | 8/79 | 3/80 | 9/149 |
| DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders | 6/79 | 3/80 | 8/149 |
| Urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations | 5/79 | 6/80 | 11/149 |
| FatigueGeneral disorders | 5/79 | 6/80 | 7/149 |
| Upper respiratory tract infectionInfections and infestations | 5/79 | 4/80 | 6/149 |
| HallucinationPsychiatric disorders | 2/79 | 5/80 | 8/149 |
| DizzinessNervous system disorders | 4/79 | 3/80 | 7/149 |
| Confusional statePsychiatric disorders | 4/79 | 1/80 | 5/149 |
Baseline characteristics were collected at baseline of the blinded (randomized) period.
| Age, Continuous(years) | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 72.1 ± 6.4 | 70.7 ± 5.8 | 71.4 ± 6.1 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 10 | 13 | 23 |
| Male | 69 | 67 | 136 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Asian | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Black or African American | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| White | 74 | 76 | 150 |
| More than one race | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Neflamapimod | Placebo | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 74 | 78 | 152 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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EIP Pharma Inc