An interventional study of Vegan/vegetarian diet and Omnivorous diet in Periodontal Inflammation and Periodontal Diseases, sponsored by G. d'Annunzio University. Completed at 1 site in Italy. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-05-28.
Sponsored by G. d'Annunzio University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
Diet can influence the body's healing and repair mechanisms. A dietary imbalance obviously cannot trigger periodontal disease in the absence of a primum movens, which is bacterial plaque. However, it can condition its severity and extent by altering the permeability of the oral mucosa, the effectiveness of the immune response and the reparative potential of the gingival tissues.
Nutraceuticals is the science that studies the effects of the so-called food-drug, i.e. those foods that contain substances capable of performing a pharmacological function, modifying the functions of the organism. In particular, some molecules that are assimilated through various foods are able to penetrate the cell nucleus and influence, through an epigenetic mechanism, the expression or otherwise of some genes. The aim of the present longitudinal quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the gingival inflammatory response to experimentally induced plaque accumulation in periodontally healthy vegans and omnivores and to explore whether systemic biomarkers mediated the observed clinical effects.
830 studies on the registry are indexed under Periodontal Diseases; 188 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 36 is below the median of 45 across 530 interventional studies indexed under Periodontal Diseases.
Browse Periodontal Diseases studies →G. d'Annunzio University is the lead sponsor of 62 studies on the registry; 21 are open to participants now.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Exclusion Criteria:
After excluding patients with clinical signs of periodontitis, the patients recruited at baseline underwent prophylaxis and home oral hygiene instructions were given with brushing and flossing in order to reduce the parameters of inflammation and the presence of plaque (FMPS andFMBS). After patient recruitment and prior to baseline assessment, fasting venous blood samples will be collected to evaluate metabolic, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and hematological parameters, including fasting glucose, lipid profile, CRP, d-ROMs, BAP, and complete blood count. The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) will be calculated. After 15 days from baseline (T0) all patients were recorded the parameters of FMPS, FMBS, and Eastman Interdental Bleeding Index (EIBI) and were asked to stop using dental floss and mouthwash. All patients were recalled weekly 4 times after T0 (T1, T2, T3,T4) in order to monitor the parameters of inflammation and plaque accumulation by recording FMBS, FMPS and EIBI.
Dietary Supplement: Vegan/vegetarian diet
After excluding patients with clinical signs of periodontitis, the patients recruited at baseline underwent prophylaxis and home oral hygiene instructions were given with brushing and flossing in order to reduce the parameters of inflammation and the presence of plaque (FMPS and FMBS). After patient recruitment and prior to baseline assessment, fasting venous blood samples will be collected to evaluate metabolic, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and hematological parameters, including fasting glucose, lipid profile, CRP, d-ROMs, BAP, and complete blood count. The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) will be calculated. After 15 days from baseline (T0) all patients were recorded the parameters of FMPS, FMBS and Eastman Interdental Bleeding Index (EIBI) and were asked to stop using dental floss and mouthwash. All patients were recalled weekly 4 times after T0 (T1, T2, T3, T4) in order to monitor the parameters of inflammation and plaque accumulation by recording FMBS, FMPS and EIBI.
Dietary Supplement: Omnivorous diet
At baseline, following the compilation of a periodontal chart in which pocket probing depth (PPD) and FMPS and FMBS were recorded, patients with pathological probing depths \>3mm associated with periodontitis were excluded. Healthy patients underwent a prophylaxis session and oral hygiene instructions with brushing and flossing. A mouthwash based on chlorhexifdine 0.20% to be used twice a day was prescribed. At 15 days from the baseline (T0) the periodontal chart was compiled again and the parameters relating to PD, FMP, FMBS and the Eastman Interdental Bleeding Index (EIBI) were collected. Patients with FMBS and FMPS values \>20% were excluded. From time T0 all patients were asked to suspend the interdental hygiene maneuvers by interrupting the use of dental floss and abandoning the use of mouthwash. All patients were recalled weekly, for a total of 4 times (T1, T2, T3, T4) in which parameters related to FMBS, FMPS and EIBI were recorded.
At baseline, following the compilation of a periodontal chart in which pocket probing depth (PPD) and FMPS and FMBS were recorded, patients with pathological probing depths \>3mm associated with periodontitis were excluded. Healthy patients underwent a prophylaxis session and oral hygiene instructions with brushing and flossing. A mouthwash based on chlorhexifdine 0.20% to be used twice a day was prescribed. At 15 days from the baseline (T0) the periodontal chart was compiled again and the parameters relating to PD, FMP, FMBS and the Eastman Interdental Bleeding Index (EIBI) were collected. Patients with FMBS and FMPS values \>20% were excluded. From time T0 all patients were asked to suspend the interdental hygiene maneuvers by interrupting the use of dental floss and abandoning the use of mouthwash. All patients were recalled weekly, for a total of 4 times (T1, T2, T3, T4) in which parameters related to FMBS, FMPS and EIBI were recorded.
Eastman Interdental Bleeding Index
A wooden wedge is inserted buccally into the interdental space 1-2 mm, perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth, to assess for the presence of interdental inflammation (Yes/No).
Time frame: Four weeks
Full Mouth Plaque Score
Index that evaluates the general presence of bacterial plaque for all teeth. Through the passage of the probe, the presence of plaque deposits is reported for 4 surfaces for each tooth. A ratio is made between the contaminated surfaces and the total surfaces investigated to obtain a percentage value.
Time frame: Four weeks
Full Mouth Bleeding Score
Index that evaluates the general presence of bleeding for all teeth. Through the insertion of a periodontal probe, the presence of bleeding on probing is signaled for 4 sites for each tooth. A ratio is made between the bleeding sites and the total sites investigated to obtain a percentage value.
Time frame: Four weeks
Fasting glucose
Measurement of blood glucose levels after fasting to assess glycemic status.
Time frame: Before T0
Total cholesterol
Measurement of total circulating cholesterol.
Time frame: Before T0
High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
Assessment of HDL cholesterol
Time frame: Before T0
Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL)
Assessment of LDL cholesterol
Time frame: Before T0
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
Systemic inflammatory biomarker used to evaluate inflammatory status
Time frame: Before T0
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (d-ROMs)
Marker of oxidative stress reflecting circulating reactive oxygen metabolites
Time frame: Before T0
Biological Antioxidant Potential (BAP)
Measurement of antioxidant capacity in plasma
Time frame: Before T0
Complete blood count (CBC)
Hematological assessment including leukocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count.
Time frame: Before T0
Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII)
Composite inflammatory index calculated as platelet count × neutrophil count / lymphocyte count.
Time frame: Before T0
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Anthropometric index calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m²) to assess body composition.
Time frame: Before T0
This study is completed, as verified in May 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.
Sign in to followQuestions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.
Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.
Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.
G. d'Annunzio University