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CompletedNCT05674383Updated Nov 29, 2023

Ultrasound Guided Axillary Nerve Block Compared to Hematoma Block in Patients With Closed Reposition of Distal Forearm Fractures

An interventional study of Axillary plexus nerve block and Fracture hematoma block in Distal Radius Fracture and Forearm Fracture, sponsored by Frisius Medisch Centrum. Completed at 1 site in Netherlands. Open to participants aged 16 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-11-29.

Sponsored by Frisius Medisch Centrum · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 1 year 5 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jul 2021, registered Dec 2022).
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
117
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
16 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Rationale: For distal forearm fractures the investigators propose an anaesthetic method using an ultrasound guided axillary nerve block (ANB, an established technique) for pain reduction during reposition dislocated fractures. Nowadays a fracture hematoma block (FHB) is common practice, but is suboptimal due to variability between performing physicians and is often experienced as a painful procedure. The investigators want to investigate if ANB is an effective, safe and efficient option in pain reduction in patients of an ED (emergency department) population with a distal forearm fracture.

Objective: To compare ultrasound-guided ANB with FHB for analgesia during reposition of non-operatively treated forearm fractures Study design: A randomized controlled trial. Study population: Patients ≥ 16 years of age with a closed, isolated and displaced distal forearm fracture requiring manipulative reposition.

Intervention (if applicable): The intervention group will receive an ANB on the ipsilateral arm of the fracture. The control group will get a FHB.

Main study parameters/endpoints: The primary outcome is pain score on a 11-point NRS (numeric rating scale) (0-10) during closed reposition of the dislocated distal forearm fracture in both groups. Main endpoint of this study is achieving a reduction of at least 2 points between both groups. This is considered as clinical relevant.

Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: Patients participating in the research group are believed to have less pain and more comfort during reposition of the dislocated fracture. The investigators expect no other or more complications compared to standard care since the known complications are the same for both infiltrative anaesthetic interventions and are rare. Moreover, both procedures are common practice, therefore potential complications will be taken care of properly. The investigators expect there is no prolonged length of stay in the ED.

02

Conditions studied

  • Distal Radius Fracture
  • Forearm Fracture

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03

In context

Wrist Fractures

329 studies on the registry are indexed under Wrist Fractures; 69 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 117 is above the median of 63 across 267 interventional studies indexed under Wrist Fractures.

Browse Wrist Fractures studies →

Lead sponsor

Frisius Medisch Centrum is the lead sponsor of 6 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
16 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients in the ED with a X-ray confirmed dislocated distal forearm fracture, defined as fracture \< 3cm within the radiocarpal joint with an abnormal anatomic position (dorsal angulation >10°, volar angulation >20°, radioulnar inclination \<15°, >5mm radial collapse or intra-articular incongruence >2mm.
  • ≥ 16 years of age
  • Patients who have adequate knowledge and understanding of the Dutch language

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • 'Open' fractures requiring surgery
  • Multi-trauma patients
  • Abnormal neurovascular examination requiring immediate reposition or surgery
  • Pre-existent osteosynthesis material in situ on the present fracture site.
  • Skin injury, local infection or recent burns hindering the use of ultrasound.
  • Allergy for local anaesthetics
  • Inability to give informed consent (cognitive impairments, no good understanding of the Dutch or English language)
  • Severe coagulopathy (i.e. severe thrombocytopenia, haemophilia.). Usage of anticoagulation is not an contra-indication, since any bleeding complication has few adverse consequences(20).
  • High risk on compartment syndrome (in consultation with surgery department).
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Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
117 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Intervention group

    The intervention group will receive an axillary plexus nerve block as pain reduction before the fracture repositioning.

    Procedure: Axillary plexus nerve block

  • Active comparator
    Control group

    The control group will receive a fracture hematoma block as pain reduction before the fracture repositioning.

    Procedure: Fracture hematoma block

Interventions

  • ProcedureAxillary plexus nerve block

    Axillary plexus nerve block: an ultrasound-guided axillary plexus nerve block with a single injection of lidocaine 1%.

  • ProcedureFracture hematoma block

    Fracture hematoma block: a blinded single injection into the fracture with lidocaine 1%.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Pain score

    The primary outcome is pain measured on a pain score using a 11-point NRS (0-10) during closed reposition of the dislocated distal forearm fracture in both groups

    Time frame: 15 minutes

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Study locations

1 site
  • Medisch centrum Leeuwarden
    Leeuwarden, Provincie Friesland 8934AD, Netherlands
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References and documents

Publications

  • Rook B, Bosch van den E, Haak SL, Have van der E, Edwards CM, Lameijer H. US-guided axillary nerve block vs. fracture hematoma block for forearm fracture analgesia in the ED: A randomised controlled trial. Am J Emerg Med. 2026 Feb;100:175-181. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2025.12.005. Epub 2025 Dec 7. PubMed 41391425 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

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Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jul 2021 to primary completion in Nov 2023, 28 months.

Of 120 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Wrist Fractures, half reached primary completion within 26 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 50. This study's 28 months is close to that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 121 studies reached it within 26 months; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 50.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 21, 2022
First posted
Jan 6, 2023
StartActual
Jul 1, 2021
Primary completionActual
Nov 28, 2023
CompletionActual
Nov 28, 2023
Last update
Nov 29, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 29, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05674383
Lead sponsor
Frisius Medisch Centrum
Responsible party
Bram Rook (Investigator, Frisius Medisch Centrum) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jan 6, 2023
Start date
Jul 1, 2021
Primary completion
Nov 28, 2023
Completion
Nov 28, 2023
Last update
Nov 29, 2023

Study contacts

Heleen Lameijer, Dr
principal investigator · Heleen.Lameijer1@mcl.nl

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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