An interventional study of Experiential HIV Testing in Hiv and HIV Testing, sponsored by National Taiwan University. Completed at 1 site in Taiwan. Open to participants aged 20 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-10-01.
Sponsored by National Taiwan University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other
This is a randomized controlled trial design. The investigators plan to recruit about 60 to 70 emergency department nurses from a medical center in Taipei, Taiwan. After completing the paper consent form, these nurses will be randomly assigned to 2 groups, which are a control group and an experimental group. The pre-test includes the demographic data sheet, HIV testing related knowledge and practice scale, and The Health Care Provider HIV/ AIDS Stigma Scale (HPASS). All nurses will receive a learning material when they finish the pre-test. In addition, the experimental group will be provided a real HIV testing and counselling by a researcher. The post-test will be finished one month later of pre-test in the control group, and one month later while the intervention completed in the experimental group. The semi-structural interview will be performed to the experimental group to collect and analyze their opinion toward the experiential HIV testing.
This project aims to develop an intervention of "experiential HIV testing" and to verify the following effects on emergency nurses: (1) Improve HIV testing related knowledge and practice; (2) Reduce HIV-related stigma; (3) Find out the possible demographic factors that might affect the effectiveness of experiential HIV Testing. During the intervention, nurses can directly participate in the whole process of anonymous HIV testing in the role of who need to be screened, and pre- and post-testing counselling accompanied the education and discussion will also be provided to them by a researcher. Through the above-mentioned measures, the knowledge and practices related to the HIV testing could be improved, and the stigma attitude toward HIV could be reduced through the self-reflection on the testing process.
2,040 studies on the registry are indexed under Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; 272 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 74 is below the median of 105 across 1,543 interventional studies indexed under Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
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- have registered nurse license and do clinical care in emergency department
Exclusion Criteria:
These participants in the experimental group will be provided a learning material about HIV testing, then an experiential HIV Testing, which includes HIV testing and counselling, education and discussion, and a post-test interviews will be provided.
Other: Experiential HIV Testing
These participants in the control group will be provided a learning material about HIV testing only. After the post-test, the experiential HIV Testing will be provided to them.
The content of experiential HIV Testing includes HIV testing, counselling, and education and discussion.
HIV Testing Related Knowledge and Practice
A self-development scale, known as the "HIV Testing-Related Knowledge and Practice Scale," is employed to assess individuals' knowledge and practices pertaining to HIV testing. The scale consists of twenty-eight questions, encompassing both True-False and multiple-choice formats. Participants earn one point for each correct answer, contributing to a total score that ranges from the minimum scores of 0 to the maximum scores of 28. Higher scores signify a more positive outcome, indicating enhanced HIV testing-related knowledge and practice among the participants.
Time frame: pre-test(Baseline) and post-test (week 4)
HIV Related Stigma
The Healthcare Provider HIV/AIDS Stigma Scale (HPASS) will be used to assess this outcome. The instrument contains 30 items, each scored on a six-point Likert scale, yielding a minimum total score of 30 and a maximum of 180. Higher scores reflect greater levels of stigma toward people living with HIV, indicating a worse outcome. Validation of the HPASS through factor analysis identified three underlying dimensions. The stereotyping dimension (11 items; score range: 11-66) reflects negative cognitions and beliefs about people living with HIV. The prejudice dimension (13 items; score range: 13-78) captures emotionally driven attitudes. The discrimination dimension (6 items; score range: 6-36) represents behavioral responses stemming from negative attitudes. For all dimensions, higher scores indicate worse outcomes. These 3 dimensions(as sub-scale scores) for stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination will also be calculated and analyzed.
Time frame: pre-test (Baseline) and post-test (Week 4)
| Milestone | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 37 | 37 |
| Completed | 36 | 36 |
| Not completed | 1 | 1 |
| Withdrew: Lost to follow-up | 1 | 1 |
A self-development scale, known as the "HIV Testing-Related Knowledge and Practice Scale," is employed to assess individuals' knowledge and practices pertaining to HIV testing. The scale consists of twenty-eight questions, encompassing both True-False and multiple-choice formats. Participants earn one point for each correct answer, contributing to a total score that ranges from the minimum scores of 0 to the maximum scores of 28. Higher scores signify a more positive outcome, indicating enhanced HIV testing-related knowledge and practice among the participants.
| score on a scale | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only |
|---|---|---|
| pre-test | 17.17 ± 1.88 | 17.22 ± 2.14 |
| post-test | 19.44 ± 2.21 | 17.36 ± 2.69 |
The Healthcare Provider HIV/AIDS Stigma Scale (HPASS) will be used to assess this outcome. The instrument contains 30 items, each scored on a six-point Likert scale, yielding a minimum total score of 30 and a maximum of 180. Higher scores reflect greater levels of stigma toward people living with HIV, indicating a worse outcome. Validation of the HPASS through factor analysis identified three underlying dimensions. The stereotyping dimension (11 items; score range: 11-66) reflects negative cognitions and beliefs about people living with HIV. The prejudice dimension (13 items; score range: 13-78) captures emotionally driven attitudes. The discrimination dimension (6 items; score range: 6-36) represents behavioral responses stemming from negative attitudes. For all dimensions, higher scores indicate worse outcomes. These 3 dimensions(as sub-scale scores) for stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination will also be calculated and analyzed.
| score on a scale | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only |
|---|---|---|
| (pre-test)HPASS in total | 89.39 ± 16.14 | 86.75 ± 22.06 |
| (post-test)HPASS in total | 85.94 ± 20.10 | 88.03 ± 20.44 |
| (pre-test)stereotyping | 36.36 ± 6.85 | 38.36 ± 8.43 |
| (post-test)stereotyping | 36.31 ± 7.66 | 38.03 ± 9.20 |
| (pre-test)prejudice | 35.78 ± 8.51 | 34.44 ± 12.11 |
| (post-test)prejudice | 33.14 ± 10.73 | 34.72 ± 10.31 |
| (pre-test)discrimination | 17.25 ± 5.61 | 13.94 ± 5.68 |
| (post-test)discrimination | 16.50 ± 5.59 | 15.28 ± 5.32 |
Collected over 1 year. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | 0/72 (0%) | 0/72 (0%) | 0/72 (0%) |
| Get a Learning Material Only | 0/72 (0%) | 0/72 (0%) | 0/72 (0%) |
| Age, Continuous(years) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 28.03 ± 4.58 | 29.14 ± 5.74 | 28.58 ± 5.19 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 28 | 28 | 56 |
| Male | 8 | 8 | 16 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Asian | 36 | 36 | 72 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Black or African American | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| White | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| More than one race | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Region of Enrollment(participants) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Taiwan | 36 | 36 | 72 |
| education level(Participants) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| bachelor's degree | 33 | 33 | 66 |
| master's degree | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| Marital status(Participants) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| married | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| single | 32 | 30 | 62 |
| Nursing practice years(years) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 5.06 ± 4.49 | 6.18 ± 5.28 | 5.62 ± 4.90 |
| Nursing practice years in the ED(years) | Get a Learning Material and a Experiential HIV Testing | Get a Learning Material Only | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 3.6 ± 3.64 | 4.77 ± 4.32 | 4.18 ± 4.01 |
4 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome→
National Taiwan University