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WithdrawnNCT05539989Updated Aug 17, 2026

Safety and Immunogenicity of VPM1002 Vaccination or BCG Revaccination Against TB in Pre-Adolescents Living With and Without HIV in South Africa

A Phase 1/2 interventional study of VPM1002 Vaccine and BCG Vaccine in Tuberculosis and HIV Infections, sponsored by International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group. Withdrawn at 9 sites in South Africa. Open to participants aged 8 Years to 14 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-17.

Sponsored by International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group · Phase 1/2, Interventional, and Prevention

Why this study was withdrawn
The study is no longer moving forward due to the changing TB vaccine landscape.
Phase
Phase 1/2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
0
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
8 Years to 14 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to assess whether Mycobacterium bovis rBCGΔureC::hly (VPM1002) vaccination and Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) revaccination are safe and immunogenic in pre-adolescents with and without HIV and with and without Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) sensitization.

Read the detailed description

Phase I/II, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized (1:1:1) multi-center study. Randomization will be stratified by HIV status and M.tb sensitization status. The study will enroll approximately 480 pre-adolescents (8-14 years of age inclusive) with or without HIV and with or without M.tb sensitization who received BCG vaccination at birth. Participants with HIV will be immunocompetent and virologically suppressed on antiretroviral therapy.

Participants will be randomized to one of three study product arms: VPM1002 Vaccine, BCG Vaccine, or Placebo. Each participant will receive a single intradermal injection of the assigned study product.

02

Conditions studied

  • Tuberculosis
  • HIV Infections

Keywords

  • Bacterial and fungal diseases
  • Tuberculosis
  • Vaccine
  • Live vaccine
  • rBCG
03

In context

Tuberculosis

1,170 studies on the registry are indexed under Tuberculosis; 175 are open to participants now.

Browse Tuberculosis studies →

Lead sponsor

International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group is the lead sponsor of 27 studies on the registry; 3 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
8 Years to 14 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Parent or legal guardian is willing and able to provide written ; when applicable potential participant is willing and able to provide written assent
  • Age 8-14 years (inclusive) at entry
  • Received birth dose of BCG vaccine
  • Has a negative nucleic acid test result for M.tb at screening and no other evidence of current active TB disease at screening
  • M.tb sensitization status (positive or negative) determined based on IGRA testing at screening
  • status determined
  • For participants living with HIV: has been receiving antiretroviral therapy for at least six months prior to study entry, has a of at least 200 cells/mm\^3 at screening, has had a suppressed HIV viral load for at least three months prior to entry
  • Has normal or grade 1 results for all of the following at screening: , White blood cell count, count, Creatinine, , AST, Total
  • Has a normal temperature and no signs or symptoms of acute illness
  • For participants assigned female sex at birth or who could otherwise become pregnant: not pregnant
  • For participants assigned female sex at birth or who could otherwise breastfeed: not breastfeeding
  • Expected to be available for 48 weeks of study participation
  • Not expected to participate in any other study of an agent during the 48 weeks of study participation

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Known significant exposure to TB or receipt of tuberculin skin test in the six months prior to study entry
  • Receipt of treatment for active TB disease in the 24 months prior to study entry
  • Receipt of TB preventive therapy within 30 days prior to study entry or expected to initiate TB preventive therapy within the 48 weeks following study entry
  • For participants living with , current active AIDS-defining condition
  • Receipt of any of the following: Any TB vaccine, More than 14 consecutive days of systemic or other immune-modifying therapy within the six months prior to study entry, Any immunoglobulin or other blood product within the three months prior to study entry,
  • Receipt of any vaccine within the 30 days prior to study entry or is expected to receive any vaccine between study entry and the Week 4 Visit
  • Receipt of allergy treatment with an antigen injection within the 30 days prior to study entry or is expected to receive one or more antigen injections between study entry and the Week 48 Visit
  • History of any of the following: serious adverse reaction to any vaccine, allergy or to BCG vaccine, allergy or hypersensitivity to the components of VPM1002 vaccine, anaphylaxis, generalized urticaria, disease, diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2, mild persistent, moderate, or severe asthma, bleeding disorder, , any condition resulting in the absence of a functional spleen (asplenia), including but not limited to sickle cell disease
  • History of seizure or use of any medication to prevent or treat seizure within the three years prior to entry
  • History of suspected or confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection diagnosed within the 30 days prior to entry
  • Any other documented or suspected medical, psychiatric, or behavioral condition or any other condition that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would make participation in the study unsafe, complicate interpretation of study outcome data, or otherwise interfere with achieving the study objectives
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(13)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

CD4 count

The number of CD4 cells, a type of white blood cell, in a given amount of blood. It is used to follow how well the immune system is doing in HIV.

Hemoglobin (Hb)

The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).

Platelets

Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

Bilirubin

A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.

Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

Autoimmune disease

A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.

Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.

Cancer (malignancy)

Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.

Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1 / Phase 2
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
0 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    VPM1002 Vaccine Arm

    Participants stratified by HIV and M.tb sensitization status.

    Biological: VPM1002 Vaccine

  • Experimental
    BCG Vaccine Arm

    Participants stratified by HIV and M.tb sensitization status.

    Biological: BCG Vaccine

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo Arm

    Participants stratified by HIV and M.tb sensitization status.

    Drug: Placebo

Interventions

  • BiologicalVPM1002 Vaccine

    0.1 mL (2-8x10\^5 CFU)

  • BiologicalBCG Vaccine

    0.1mL (0.075 Mycobacterium bovis)

  • DrugPlacebo

    0.1 mL (sodium chloride for injection 0.9%)

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. All adverse events

    Proportion of participants, based on the Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS AE Grading Table), Corrected Version 2.1, dated July 2017

    Time frame: Through Week 48

  2. Solicited adverse events

    Proportion of participants, based on the Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS AE Grading Table), Corrected Version 2.1, dated July 2017

    Time frame: Through Week 16

  3. Grade 3 or higher adverse events

    Proportion of participants, based on the Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS AE Grading Table), Corrected Version 2.1, dated July 2017

    Time frame: Through Week 48

  4. Serious adverse events

    Proportion of participants, based on the Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS AE Grading Table), Corrected Version 2.1, dated July 2017

    Time frame: Through Week 48

  5. Adverse pregnancy outcomes

    Proportion of participants, based on the Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS AE Grading Table), Corrected Version 2.1, dated July 2017

    Time frame: Through Week 48 or delivery or other pregnancy outcome, whichever occurs later

  6. Frequency and response of VPM1002-specific and BCG-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing Th1 and/or Th17 cytokines

    Measured by ICS and flow cytometry on cryopreserved PBMCs

    Time frame: Through Week 10

Secondary outcomes

  1. Frequency and response of VPM1002-specific and BCG-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing Th1 and/or Th17 cytokines

    Measured by ICS and flow cytometry on cryopreserved PBMC

    Time frame: Weeks 24 and 48

  2. Mycobacteria-specific IgA, IgG, and IgM binding antibodies

    Measured using BAMA

    Time frame: Entry and Weeks 4, 10, 24, and 48

  3. Association of HIV and IGRA with primary safety outcomes (All AEs, solicitated AEs, grade 3 or higher AEs, serious adverse events, adverse pregnancy outcomes).

    Based on the Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (DAIDS AE Grading Table), Corrected Version 2.1, dated July 2017

    Time frame: Through Week 48 or delivery or other pregnancy outcome, whichever occurs later

  4. Cellular immunogenicity outcome measures associated with HIV and IGRA status

    VPM1002-specific and BCG-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing Th1 and/or Th17 cytokines, measured by ICS and flow cytometry on cryopreserved PBMCs

    Time frame: Through Week 48

  5. Humoral immunogenicity outcome measures associated with HIV and IGRA status

    Mycobacteria-specific IgA, IgG, and IgM binding antibodies, measured using BAMA

    Time frame: Through Week 48

  6. Gene expression profiles

    Measured by RNA-seq in whole blood

    Time frame: Entry and Weeks 1, 4, and 10

  7. Differential leukocyte count and immunophenotype

    Measured in cryopreserved ex vivo whole blood (DLC-ICE) by flow cytometry

    Time frame: Entry and Weeks 1, 4, and 10

  8. Measurement of soluble proinflammatory mediators

    Based on serum measurement

    Time frame: Entry and Weeks 1, 4, and 10

  9. Acceptability of the study products

    Based on scores derived from questionnaire responses

    Time frame: Week 24

07

Study locations

9 sites
  • Soweto IMPAACT CRS
    Johannesburg, Gauteng 1862, South Africa
  • Setshaba Research Centre CRS
    Soshanguve, Gauteng, South Africa
  • Isipingo CRS
    Soshanguve, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
  • Klerksdorp CRS
    Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa
  • Desmond Tutu TB Centre - Stellenbosch University (SU) CRS
    Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
  • Emavundleni CRS
    Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
  • Umlazi CRS
    Durban, South Africa
  • Wits RHI Shandukani Research CRS
    Johannesburg, South Africa
  • Family Clinical Research Unit (FAM-CRU) CRS
    Tygerberg Hills, South Africa
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Individual participant data that underlie results in the publication, after deidentification.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan

Time frame: Beginning 3 months following publication and available throughout period of funding of the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trial (IMPAACT) Network by NIH.

Access criteria: With whom? Researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal for use of the data that is approved by the IMPAACT Network. For what types of analyses? To achieve aims in the proposal approved by the IMPAACT Network. By what mechanism will data be made available? Researchers may submit a request for access to data using the IMPAACT "Data Request" form at: https://www.impaactnetwork.org/studies/submit-research-proposal. Researchers of approved proposals will need to sign an IMPAACT Data Use Agreement before receiving the data.

Data sharing details ↗ · www.impaactnetwork.org

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Start is estimated for Dec 2026; primary completion for Dec 2026, 0 months later.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Sep 9, 2022
First posted
Sep 14, 2022
StartEst.
Dec 31, 2026
Primary completionEst.
Dec 31, 2026
CompletionEst.
Dec 31, 2026
Last update
Aug 17, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 17, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05539989
Lead sponsor
International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Group
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 14, 2022
Start date
Dec 31, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 17, 2026

Study contacts

Lisa Marie Cranmer, MD, MPH
study chair · Emory University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is withdrawn, as verified in Aug 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Studies of the drugs tested here: VPM1002 recombinant BCG vaccine · BCG Vaccine

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