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RecruitingNCT05518643Updated Apr 22, 2025

Compliance With ERAS Protocol in Pancreatic Surgery, Stress Response and Outcomes

An observational study in ERAS, Pancreas Cancer and Pancreas; Fistula, sponsored by University of Thessaly. Recruiting at 1 site in Greece. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-04-22.

Sponsored by University of Thessaly · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by May 2025, 1 year 6 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Jul 2022; still recruiting 4 years 3 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
120
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 27 studies in Pancreatic Neoplasms with a site in Greece — 5 open to participants now, 9 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Pancreatic Neoplasms · Greece.

Started
2022
with 1 other
Observational
9 of 27
4 open now
Registered
19th of 27
by date
Lead sponsor
4 of 27
University of Thessaly

Among the 27 studies in Pancreatic Neoplasms with a site in Greece, this one is one of 2 that started in 2022, is one of 9 observational ones, and was the 19th registered.

By phase

27 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

Phase 310 · 0 open
Observationalthis study9 · 4 open
Phase 24 · 0 open
No phase2 · 1 open
Phase 11 · 0 open
Phase 2/31 · 0 open

By the year they started

First in 1999; this study’s year is marked. 2 started in 2022.

Size and results

Median enrollment 450 across the 17 interventional studies, 120 across the 9 observational. Of the 15 that completed or were terminated, 5 (33%) have results posted.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVWith an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 27 studies in Pancreatic Neoplasms with a site in Greece, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of compliance with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program on patient reported outcomes (PROs), surgery-specific outcomes and stress response after pancreatic surgery.

This prospective observational study will include all consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic surgery over a period of three years (2022 - 2025) at two sites, namely University General Hospital of Larissa and IASO Thessalias, in Greece. Patients will be prospectively enrolled after written informed consent. Data will be collected on patient characteristics, surgical and anaesthetic techniques, complications, and length of stay. Quality of life questionnaires will be administered to patients preoperatively, on the fith postoperative day, first follow-up after discharge, one month and six months after the operation. The stress response will be assessed by measuring the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR and PLR) preoperatively, and on the first five postoperative days. Data will be collected on pancreatic surgery-specific complications such as delayed gastric emptying (DGE), post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage (PPH) and postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) formation. Anonymised data will be uploaded by the principal investigator on a protected excel spreadsheet for analysis.

Read the detailed description

In this study the ERAS program is applied to patients undergoing pancreatic surgery.This is a prospective observational cohort study.The study will take place in two hospitals, the University General Hospital of Larissa (academic center), and IASO Thessalias (largest private general hospital in Thessaly). The study period is three years between May 2022 and April 2025. All patients undergoing pancreatic surgery during this period will be invited to participate in the study. Recruitment will take place at the first appointment with the surgeon when the patient is listed for surgery. The patient will be provided with detailed information about the program which also includes an information leaflet. A written consent form will be signed by patients willing to participate in the study.

Enrolled patients will follow the ERAS pathway for pancreatic surgery during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative period. The ERAS protocol is based on ERAS society recommendations for enhanced recovery after pancreatoduodenectomy.

The ERAS protocol consists of the following items:

First appointment preoperative:

  • Patient education about the program
  • Prehabilitation with advice on physical exercise and nutritional support
  • Advice to stop smoking and alcohol consumption
  • Plan for optimisation of comorbidities
  • Completion of quality of life questionnaire

Day before surgery:

  • Discussion about the program to address any patient concerns and anxieties
  • Light meal and carbohydrate drink before bedtime
  • Anti-clotting injection 12 hours before surgery

Day of surgery:

  • Carbohydrate drink and painkillers 3 hours before surgery
  • Clear fluids allowed up to 3 hours before surgery
  • Antibiotics within 1 hour before surgical incision

Intraoperative

  • Epidural catheter is sited before general anaesthesia
  • Multimodal and opioid-sparing analgesia
  • Nausea and vomiting prophylaxis
  • Goal directed fluid therapy
  • Active warming to avoid hypothermia
  • Monitoring of blood glucose to maintain normoglycaemia
  • Bile culture
  • Repeat antibiotics if surgery lasts more than 4 hours

Postoperative:

  • Removal of nasogastric tube by postoperative day 1
  • Removal of drains by postoperative day 3
  • Multimodal analgesia, epidural catheter for 3 days, minimisation of opioids
  • Early and scheduled mobilisation and respiratory physiotherapy protocol
  • Diet protocol with nutritional drinks and gradual progression from light to solid diet by postoperative day 5
  • Removal of urinary catheter when patients able to mobilise on their own, by postoperative day 5
  • Cessation of intravenous fluids when patients able to drink 1.5 liters of water, by postoperative day 5
  • Regular gastrokinetic medication and gum chewing
  • Glycaemic control protocol
  • Cessation of antibiotics if bile culture negative and no other indication to continue

The study group will use a checklist with ERAS criteria to follow for each patient and data will be collected on adherence rates to these criteria.

Data will be collected on patient demographics such as sex, age, Body Mass Index (BMI), American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status, and co-morbidities. Data will also be collected on surgical approach and technique, and tumour stage (pTNM). Data will be collected on complications including cardiovascular and respiratory complications, infectious complications (surgical site infection, chest infection, urinary tract infection, intra-abdominal abscess, sepsis), anaesthetic complications (severe pain, delirium, cognitive decline), functional complications (functional decline, new mobility aid use, pressure ulcer, discharge to nursing or rehabilitation facility), renal failure, ileus, return to theatre, readmission, and death. Data will be collected on length of stay and pancreatic surgery-specific complications such as DGE, PPH and POPF formation. International consensus guidelines will be used for definition and grading of these complications.

Quality of life will be assessed by Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS). The stress response will be assessed by measuring NLR and PLR. After anonymization, all data will be prospectively uploaded by local investigators on a protected database and incorporated into a spreadsheet for data analysis.

The data will be analyzed using PROMs, NLR and PLR ratios, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and cancer recurrence rates as the main outcome variables.The influence of the following factors will be assessed: age, BMI, sex, surgical technique, pTNM stage, preoperative comorbidity, ASA classification, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and compliance to the ERAS protocol (\<50%, 50-70%, 70-90%, >90%). Adherence will be calculated as the number of interventions fulfilled/20 (total number of preoperative and perioperative interventions).

The statistical model will be multivariate regression analysis. Sample size guidelines for observational studies with regression analysis are based on simulation studies and suggest that the minimum number of events per variable (EPV) should be 10. According to these guidelines the minimum sample size is calculated at 90. To account for 25% loss to follow-up the investigators aim for a total enrollment goal of 120 participants. IBM® SPSS 26 software will be used for statistical analysis. Continuous variables will be compared with One-Way ANOVA or Student's t test for parametric data and with a non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test), as indicated. Categorical data will be analysed by using the chi squared or Fisher's exact test where indicated. Quantitative values will be expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), median and range, categorical data with percentage frequencies. The odds ratio (OR) will be presented followed by 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Differences in survival and complications between different degrees of compliance will be assessed by the application of log rank test. P \< 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.

03

Conditions studied

  • ERAS
  • Pancreas Cancer
  • Pancreas; Fistula
  • Delayed Gastric Emptying
  • Surgery-Complications
  • Pancreatic Hemorrhage
  • PROMs

Keywords

  • ERAS
  • Pancreas Cancer
  • PROMs
  • Stress response to surgery
  • Surgery-Complications
  • PLR
  • NLR
  • Quality of Life
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

All consecutive community patients presented for pancreatic surgery

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • all pancreatic surgery patients
  • above the age of 18
  • fluent greek speakers
  • without communication barriers

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • younger than 18 years-old
  • unable or unwilling to participate
  • other surgical procedures
  • communication barriers
  • lost to follow-up
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
120 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
1 Year
Patient registry
Yes

Interventions

  • ProcedureERAS protocol

    ERAS protocol as described above

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in patient-reported outcomes as measured by the Health Questionnaire EORTC QLQ-C30

    This questionnaire assesses health related quality of life (HRQoL) for cancer patients and includes 30 questions. The QLQ-C30 includes five functional scales (physical, role, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning); eight symptom scales or single items (fatigue, pain, nausea/vomiting, dyspnea, insomnia, appetite loss, constipation, and diarrhea); an item to assess financial difficulties; 1 global health status scale; and 1 global quality of life scale. Each one of the first 28 items has 4 levels: 1 = not at all, 2 = a little, 3 = quite a bit, 4 = very much. The last 2 questions ask the patient to rate their own health and quality of life on a scale from 1 (very poor) to 7 (excellent). PROMs questionnaires will be distributed in paper format and filled out by pen.

    Time frame: 1 week to 1 day before the operation, postoperative day 5, first follow-up 1 week post discharge, 1 month, and 6 months after the operation

  2. Change on the stress response to surgery measured by the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR and PLR).

    NLR and PLR will be calculated by blood tests

    Time frame: 1 week to 1 day before the operation, and postoperative days 1-5

  3. Rate of Delayed Gastric Emptying (DGE)

    Number of DGE defined and graded according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS).

    Time frame: within 6 weeks from operation

  4. Rate of Post Pancreatic Fistula (POPF) formation

    Number of POPF defined and graded according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF).

    Time frame: within 6 weeks from operation

  5. Rate of Postoperative Pancreatic Haemorrhage (PPH)

    Number of PPH defined and graded according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS).

    Time frame: within 6 weeks from operation

Secondary outcomes

  1. Length of hospital stay (LOS)

    Total number of days spent in the hospital (including any readmission)

    Time frame: within 6 weeks from operation

  2. Overall morbidity rate

    Number of any perioperative adverse events graded according to Clavien-Dindo

    Time frame: Within 3 months from operation

  3. Cancer recurrence rate

    Number of patients with cancer recurrence with metastases

    Time frame: within 1 year from operation

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • University of Thessaly
    Larissa, 45100, Greece
    Recruiting
    • Despoina Liotiri, Consultant · Contactdeppieliotiri@gmail.com · 00306947941422
    • Alexandros Diamantis, Consultant · Sub investigator
    • Eleni Siwka, Consultant · Sub investigator
    • Ismini Paraskeva, Trainee · Sub investigator
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Melloul E, Lassen K, Roulin D, Grass F, Perinel J, Adham M, Wellge EB, Kunzler F, Besselink MG, Asbun H, Scott MJ, Dejong CHC, Vrochides D, Aloia T, Izbicki JR, Demartines N. Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Pancreatoduodenectomy: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Recommendations 2019. World J Surg. 2020 Jul;44(7):2056-2084. doi: 10.1007/s00268-020-05462-w. PubMed 32161987 ↗
  • Spolverato G, Maqsood H, Kim Y, Margonis G, Luo T, Ejaz A, Pawlik TM. Neutrophil-lymphocyte and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in patients after resection for hepato-pancreatico-biliary malignancies. J Surg Oncol. 2015 Jun;111(7):868-74. doi: 10.1002/jso.23900. Epub 2015 Apr 10. PubMed 25865111 ↗
  • Aaronson NK, Ahmedzai S, Bergman B, Bullinger M, Cull A, Duez NJ, Filiberti A, Flechtner H, Fleishman SB, de Haes JC, et al. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: a quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Mar 3;85(5):365-76. doi: 10.1093/jnci/85.5.365. PubMed 8433390 ↗
  • Bujang MA, Sa'at N, Sidik TMITAB, Joo LC. Sample Size Guidelines for Logistic Regression from Observational Studies with Large Population: Emphasis on the Accuracy Between Statistics and Parameters Based on Real Life Clinical Data. Malays J Med Sci. 2018 Jul;25(4):122-130. doi: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.4.12. Epub 2018 Aug 30. PubMed 30914854 ↗
  • Austin PC, Steyerberg EW. Events per variable (EPV) and the relative performance of different strategies for estimating the out-of-sample validity of logistic regression models. Stat Methods Med Res. 2017 Apr;26(2):796-808. doi: 10.1177/0962280214558972. Epub 2014 Nov 19. PubMed 25411322 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided — 6 months after the end of the study

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jul 2022 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for May 2025, 34 months after the start.

Of 318 non-industry observational studies under Pancreatic Neoplasms, half reached primary completion within 74 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 34 and three quarters within 182. This study's planned 34 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 352 studies reached it within 60 months; a quarter within 34 and three quarters within 182.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Aug 21, 2022
First posted
Aug 26, 2022
StartActual
Jul 15, 2022
Primary completionEst.
May 2025
CompletionEst.
Jun 2025
Last update
Apr 22, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 22, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05518643
Collaborators
IASO Thessalias, Larissa University Hospital
Responsible party
DESPOINA LIOTIRI (MD, DESAIC, PgCert HBE(UK), EDRA, MSc, PhD(c), Consultant Anaesthesiologist, University of Thessaly) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 26, 2022
Start date
Jul 15, 2022
Primary completion
May 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Apr 22, 2025

Study contacts

Despoina Liotiri, Consultant
Contact
deppieliotiri@gmail.com
00306947941422
Despoina Liotiri, Consultant
principal investigator · University of Thessaly, IASO Thessalias
Dimitrios Zacharoulis, Professor
study chair · University of Thessaly
Eleni Arnaoutoglou, Professor
study director · University of Thessaly

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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