ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05495698TRICOLONUpdated Aug 21, 2025

Triple Therapy Convenience by the Use of One or Multiple Inhalers and Digital Support in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

An interventional study of single-inhaler triple therapy (Trimbow) and E-health application: Curavista app & FindAir e-device in Copd and Adherence, Medication, sponsored by Franciscus Gasthuis. Recruiting at 1 site in Netherlands. Open to participants aged 40 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-08-21.

Sponsored by Franciscus Gasthuis · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Dec 2022; still recruiting 3 years 10 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
300
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
40 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

TRICOLON is an investigator initiated, prospective, interventional, open-label, randomized, real-world, multi-centre, 3-arms study in the Netherlands. The primary objective is to investigate in COPD patients if single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT) is superior to multi-inhaler triple therapy (MITT) in terms of adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) therapy and to investigate if SITT with e-health support is superior to MITT and SITT without e-health support.

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Conditions studied

03

In context

Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

5,520 studies on the registry are indexed under Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; 856 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 300 is above the median of 62 across 3,839 interventional studies indexed under Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive.

Browse Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive studies →

Lead sponsor

Franciscus Gasthuis is the lead sponsor of 18 studies on the registry; 11 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
40 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Clinical diagnosis of for at least 1 year before the screening visit
  • Aged 40 years and older
  • An indication for triple therapy according to the treating physician (following the GOLD guideline 2021(2)). Could be step-up from dual therapy or currently receiving triple therapy (both MITT and SITT).
  • Owner of mobile device compatible with e-device app with access to internet (Android or iOS)
  • Willing to provide written
  • Current or ex-smoker

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Inability to comply with study procedures or with study treatment
  • Insufficiently skilled in the Dutch language to be able to read and understand the app. Help by third party (family members) is allowed
  • Asthma as the predominant disease according to the investigator's opinion, a past history of asthma is allowed
  • Use of e-health application for in the past six months
  • Patients with any other therapy that could interfere with the study drugs (according to the investigator's opinion)
  • Use of nebulized bronchodilators, for example via pari boy
  • Pregnant or lactating women and all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant unless they have highly effective
  • Patients mentally or legally incapacitated, or patients accommodated in an establishment as a result of an official or judicial order
  • Patients without the capability to complete the questionnaires
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(3)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe out, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
300 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Other
    Control group

    multi-inhaler triple therapy (Qvar and Bevespi)

    Drug: multi-inhaler triple therapy (Qvar + Bevespi)

  • Other
    Intervention group 1

    single-inhaler triple therapy (Trimbow)

    Drug: single-inhaler triple therapy (Trimbow)

  • Other
    Intervention group 2

    single-inhaler triple therapy (Trimbow) + e-health applications

    Drug: single-inhaler triple therapy (Trimbow) · Device: E-health application: Curavista app & FindAir e-device

Interventions

  • Drugsingle-inhaler triple therapy (Trimbow)

    Patients in the intervention group will receive the triple therapy in one inhaler in stead of multiple inhalers. The actual medication is the same.

  • DeviceE-health application: Curavista app & FindAir e-device

    Patients in intervention group 2 will receive Trimbow and will use the health app of Curavista and the smart-inhaler of FindAir

  • Drugmulti-inhaler triple therapy (Qvar + Bevespi)

    Patients in the intervention group will receive the triple therapy in multiple inhalers. The actual medication is the same.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Adherence to ICS therapy

    average adherence to ICS therapy (expressed as a percentage, measured as the number of actuations registered by the e-device divided by the total number of prescribed doses) over 12 months of treatment

    Time frame: 12 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. TAI questionnaire score

    questionnaire that identifies non-adherence and gives insight in the barriers related to the use of inhalers in asthma and COPD

    Time frame: 12 months

  2. CCQ questionnaire

    measures health status and can be used to assess health-related quality of life

    Time frame: 12 months

  3. VAS score

    a non-specific scale to score an outcome from 0 (not satisfied at all) to 10 (extremely satisfied)

    Time frame: 12 months

  4. PIH-NL

    12-item scale to measure self-management behaviour and knowledge of patients with chronic diseases as COPD

    Time frame: 12 months

  5. WPAI

    questionnaire to measure impairments in work and activities

    Time frame: 12 months

  6. EQ-5D-5L

    questionnaire to assess the health-status

    Time frame: 12 months

  7. HLS-EU-Q16

    assessment of patients' health literacy

    Time frame: 12 months

  8. Number exacerbations

    A moderate exacerbation is defined as sustained worsening of the patient's condition, from a stable state and beyond day-to-day variation, that is acute in onset and warrants additional treatment (systemic corticosteroids and/or antibiotics). An exacerbation is defined as severe if hospitalization or emergency department visit is necessary

    Time frame: 12 months

  9. SABA use

    Use of espace medication

    Time frame: 12 months

Other outcomes

  1. Concentration of beclomethasone and formoterol in hair

    In a subgroup of patients, beclomethasone and formoterol concentration in their hair will be measured

    Time frame: 2-3 months

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
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References and documents

Publications

  • Cuperus LJA, van der Palen J, Aldenkamp A, van Huisstede A, Bischoff EWMA, van Boven JFM, Brijker F, Dik S, van Excel JAJM, Goosens M, van Hal PTW, Kuijvenhoven JC, Kunz LIZ, Vasbinder EC, Kerstjens HAM, In 't Veen JCCM; TRICOLON study group. Adherence to single inhaler triple therapy and digital inhalers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a literature review and protocol for a randomized controlled trial (TRICOLON study). BMC Pulm Med. 2024 Jul 4;24(1):317. doi: 10.1186/s12890-024-03044-3. PubMed 38965541 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

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Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Dec 2022 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2026, 48 months after the start.

Of 1,094 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, half reached primary completion within 22 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 41. This study's planned 48 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 1,181 studies reached it within 22 months; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 39.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Aug 5, 2022
First posted
Aug 10, 2022
StartActual
Dec 13, 2022
Primary completionEst.
Dec 2026
CompletionEst.
Dec 2026
Last update
Aug 21, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 21, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05495698
Lead sponsor
Franciscus Gasthuis
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Aug 10, 2022
Start date
Dec 13, 2022
Primary completion
Dec 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 21, 2025

Study contacts

Liz Cuperus
Contact
l.cuperus@franciscus.nl
+31108935567
Hans in 't Veen
Contact
h.intveen@franciscus.nl
+31104616800

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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