ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT05340062nICPpedUpdated Jan 28, 2025

Non Invasive Measurement With Trans Cranial Doppler Versus Invasive Measurement in Pediatric Age

An observational study in Intracranial Hypertension, sponsored by Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova. Recruiting at 6 sites in Italy. Open to participants aged Up to 18 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-01-28.

Sponsored by Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Jun 2025, 1 year 4 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Jul 2022; still recruiting 4 years 4 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
46
Ages
Up to 18 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

An increase of intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important cause of secondary brain damage. The gold standard for measuring ICP is represented by invasive positioning of intracranial ICP devices.

The most used non-invasive methods (nICP) are obtained through bed-side ultrasound, routinely used in the management of children in Pediatric Intensive Care: arterial Trancranial Doppler (TCD) and ultrasound measurement of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath (ONSD ).

In this study it is proposed to compare the measurement of nICP obtained by TCD and ONSD versus the measurement obtained by the invasive monitoring (iICP) already present.

Read the detailed description

An iIncrease in intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important cause of secondary brain damage. The cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), defined as the mean arterial pressure value (MAP) minus the ICP value (CPP = MAP-ICP), represents the pressure gradient that is responsible for cerebral flow. The gold standard for measuring ICP is represented by invasive methods that are intra-parenchymal or intra-ventricular catheters positions by neurosurgeons. The placement of these catheters can cause complications, mainly bleeding and infections.

The most used non-invasive (nICP) methods are obtained through a medical device such as bed-side ultrasound, routinely used in the management of children in Pediatric Intensive Care: arterial Trancranial Doppler (TCD) and ultrasound measurement of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath (ONSD ).

Arterial TCD is one of the most studied methods in adults for the non-invasive estimation of ICP. Formulas derived from the measurement of cerebral flow velocities (VF) such as the Pulsatility Index (PI) and the formula based on the Diastolic Flow Rate (FVdICP) have been shown to have a correlation with the iICP. According to the literature, a PI> 1 is associated with an ICP value> 20 mmHg. Schmitd, Czosnyka et al. subsequently proposed a new formula for the non-invasive measurement of CPP and therefore of ICP (FVdICP), demonstrating the accuracy of CPP measured with the invasive technique The ONSD is a rapid and repeatable method for making a rapid diagnosis of increased ICP not only in adults but also in children, considering the diameter of the optic nerve sheath equal to 4.5 mm in children as the upper limit of the norm. 1 year of age and 4 mm in children under 1 year.

In this study it is proposed to compare the measurement of nICP obtained with the TCD and with the ONSD versus the measurement obtained by the invasive monitoring (iICP) already present.

02

Conditions studied

  • Intracranial Hypertension

Keywords

  • intracranial hypertension
  • children
  • cerebral perfusion
03

In context

Intracranial Hypertension

165 studies on the registry are indexed under Intracranial Hypertension; 36 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 46 is below the median of 60 across 76 observational studies indexed under Intracranial Hypertension.

Browse Intracranial Hypertension studies →

Lead sponsor

Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova is the lead sponsor of 38 studies on the registry; 13 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Up to 18 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Sampling method
Probability sample

Study population

pediatric patients with planned invasive ICP admitted to PICU

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • invasive ICP placement

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • cranial base fracture
  • absent
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
46 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • pediatric patients with ICP device

    In children requiring ICP, TCD and ONSD will be measured: * within 30 minutes before to the placement of the ICP (if possiblel) * at least twice a day after placement of the invasive ICP for the first 48 hours Each measurement will include: * The measure of the invasive ICP * Calculation of invasive CPP (invasive MAP-invasive ICP) * TCD: FVs, FVd, FVm, from which the nCPP will be obtained with the formula FVdICP. The nICP will be obtained from invasive MAP minus nCPP. * The measurement of the nICP ONSD (2) for a total of 2 measurements preferably from the side where the invasive ICP device is positioned. Measurements (TCD and ONSD) will be done by two operators blinded by each other in order to evaluate the inter-operator variability

    Device: bedside sonography

Interventions

  • Devicebedside sonography

    TCD and ONSD sonography twice a day per 2 days

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. comparison between ICP and nICP (measured by TCD)

    For each patient with invasive ICP, the nICP (measured by TCD) will be compared. We will collect ICP and nICP in pairs for each measurement ( T1 ) using the same unit of measurement. (During 48 hours we will collect ICP and nICP in pairs 4 times: T1 T2 T3 T4. We will finally evaluate the data in pairs in the total sample).

    Time frame: within 48 hours after the invasive ICP placement

  2. comparison between ICP and nICP (measured by TCD)

    For each patient with invasive ICP, the nICP (measured by TCD) will be compared. We will collect ICP and nICP in pairs for each measurement ( T2 ) using the same unit of measurement. (During 48 hours we will collect ICP and nICP in pairs 4 times: T1 T2 T3 T4. We will finally evaluate the data in pairs in the total sample).

    Time frame: within 48 hours after the invasive ICP placement

  3. comparison between ICP and nICP (measured by TCD)

    For each patient with invasive ICP, the nICP (measured by TCD) will be compared. We will collect ICP and nICP in pairs for each measurement ( T3 ) using the same unit of measurement. (During 48 hours we will collect ICP and nICP in pairs 4 times: T1 T2 T3 T4. We will finally evaluate the data in pairs in the total sample).

    Time frame: within 48 hours after the invasive ICP placement

  4. comparison between ICP and nICP (measured by TCD)

    For each patient with invasive ICP, the nICP (measured by TCD) will be compared. We will collect ICP and nICP in pairs for each measurement ( T4 ) using the same unit of measurement. (During 48 hours we will collect ICP and nICP in pairs 4 times: T1 T2 T3 T4. We will finally evaluate the data in pairs in the total sample).

    Time frame: within 48 hours after the invasive ICP placement

Secondary outcomes

  1. comparison between ICP and nICP (measured by ONSD)

    For each patient with invasive ICP, the nICP (measured by ONSD) will be compared twice a day for 2 days. We will collect ICP and nICP in pairs for each measurement (4 times: T1 T2 T3 T4) using the same unit of measurement and evaluate the data in pairs in the total sample.

    Time frame: within 48 hours after the invasive ICP placement

  2. interrater reliability for TCD measurement

    For each patient with invasive ICP, two nICP measurement by TCD will be performed by two operators blinded each other. We will collect nICP values in pairs (by two operators) for each measurement (2 times) using the same unit of measurement and evaluate the data in pairs in the total sample.

    Time frame: within 48 hours after the invasive ICP placement

  3. interrater reliability for ONSD measurement

    For each patient with invasive ICP, two nICP measurement by ONSD will be performed by two operators blinded each other. We will collect nICP values in pairs (by two operators) for each measurement (2 times) using the same unit of measurement and evaluate the data in pairs in the total sample.

    Time frame: within 48 hours after the invasive ICP placement

07

Study locations

1 of 6 sites recruiting
  • PICU IRCSS Sant'Orsola Malpighi
    Bologna, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
    • matilde santià · Contact
    • fabio caramelli · Sub investigator
  • PICU Spedali Civili BRescia
    Brescia, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
    • diego franchini · Contact
  • PICU Ospedale Mayer
    Firenze, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
    • francesca melosi · Contact
    • denise colosimo · Sub investigator
  • PICU Ospedale Gaslini
    Genova, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
    • stefano pezzato · Contact
    • marta fedriga · Sub investigator
  • PICU University Hospital Padova
    Padova, 35128, Italy
    Recruiting
  • PICU Università Cattolica
    Roma, Italy
    Not yet recruiting
    • aldo mancino · Contact
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Czosnyka M, Pickard JD. Monitoring and interpretation of intracranial pressure. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Jun;75(6):813-21. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2003.033126. PubMed 15145991 ↗
  • Kochanek PM, Tasker RC, Carney N, Totten AM, Adelson PD, Selden NR, Davis-O'Reilly C, Hart EL, Bell MJ, Bratton SL, Grant GA, Kissoon N, Reuter-Rice KE, Vavilala MS, Wainwright MS. Guidelines for the Management of Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Third Edition: Update of the Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines, Executive Summary. Neurosurgery. 2019 Jun 1;84(6):1169-1178. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyz051. PubMed 30822776 ↗
  • Anderson RC, Kan P, Klimo P, Brockmeyer DL, Walker ML, Kestle JR. Complications of intracranial pressure monitoring in children with head trauma. J Neurosurg. 2004 Aug;101(1 Suppl):53-8. doi: 10.3171/ped.2004.101.2.0053. PubMed 16206972 ↗
  • Schmidt EA, Czosnyka M, Gooskens I, Piechnik SK, Matta BF, Whitfield PC, Pickard JD. Preliminary experience of the estimation of cerebral perfusion pressure using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001 Feb;70(2):198-204. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.70.2.198. PubMed 11160468 ↗
  • Malayeri AA, Bavarian S, Mehdizadeh M. Sonographic evaluation of optic nerve diameter in children with raised intracranial pressure. J Ultrasound Med. 2005 Feb;24(2):143-7. doi: 10.7863/jum.2005.24.2.143. PubMed 15661943 ↗
  • O'Brien NF, Reuter-Rice K, Wainwright MS, Kaplan SL, Appavu B, Erklauer JC, Ghosh S, Kirschen M, Kozak B, Lidsky K, Lovett ME, Mehollin-Ray AR, Miles DK, Press CA, Simon DW, Tasker RC, LaRovere KL. Practice Recommendations for Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography in Critically Ill Children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Multidisciplinary Expert Consensus Statement. J Pediatr Intensive Care. 2021 Jun;10(2):133-142. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1715128. Epub 2020 Sep 4. PubMed 33884214 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jul 2022 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Jun 2025, 35 months after the start.

Of 42 non-industry observational studies under Intracranial Hypertension, half reached primary completion within 31 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 11 and three quarters within 62. This study's planned 35 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 44 studies reached it within 31 months; a quarter within 11 and three quarters within 62.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 31, 2022
First posted
Apr 21, 2022
StartActual
Jul 1, 2022
Primary completionEst.
Jun 30, 2025
CompletionEst.
Dec 31, 2025
Last update
Jan 28, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 28, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05340062
Lead sponsor
Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova
Responsible party
angela amigoni (Medical Doctor, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova) — Principal investigator
First posted
Apr 21, 2022
Start date
Jul 1, 2022
Primary completion
Jun 30, 2025 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2025 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 28, 2025

Study contacts

angela amigoni, MD
Contact
angela.amigoni@aopd.veneto.it
+39 339 8333765
angela amigoni, MD
principal investigator · University Hospital of Padova

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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