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RecruitingNCT05127720ACaSAUpdated Feb 24, 2026

Pacemaker-based Long-term Monitoring of Sleep Apnea

An observational study in Bradycardia, sponsored by Medical University Innsbruck. Recruiting at 1 site in Austria. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-24.

Sponsored by Medical University Innsbruck · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Nov 2021; still recruiting 4 years 10 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,000
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a prospective, non-interventional cohort study. It tests the hypothesis that

  • Pacemaker-derived monitoring of sleep-related breathing disorders and/or daily physical activity predicts clinical outcome.
  • Autonomic imbalance defined by an increased periodic repolarisation dynamics (PRD) predicts clinical outcome in pacemaker patients.
  • Autonomic imbalance defined by an increased periodic repolarisation dynamics (PRD) predicts the occurrence of device-detected atrial fibrillation and/or device-detected sleep apnea.
  • Enviromental factors such as ambient temperature, humidity, precipitation, air pressure impacts device-detected atrial fibrillation and/or device-detected sleep apnea.
  • Variation of night-to-night device-detected sleep apnea shows sex-specific patterns and impacts device-detected atrial fibrillation burden, ventricular pacing rate in sick sinus syndrome and clinical outcomes.
  • Burden / variation of device-detected sleep apnea and/or device-detected atrial fibrillation correlates with the incidence and severity of common ophthalmologic diseases.
Read the detailed description

All forms of arrhythmias, sleep apnea during sleeping hours and physical activity using sensors in modern implanted pacemakers as well as autonomic imbalance measures will be correlated with the incidence and progression (within 5 years of follow-up) of common co-morbidities such as arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, COPD, peripheral artery disease, iron insufficiency. In a long follow up perspective major adverse cardiovascular events will be recorded and new risk scores will be developed, incorporating machine learning techniques.

02

Conditions studied

  • Bradycardia

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03

In context

Bradycardia

306 studies on the registry are indexed under Bradycardia; 69 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 1,000 is above the median of 257 across 129 observational studies indexed under Bradycardia.

Browse Bradycardia studies →

Lead sponsor

Medical University Innsbruck is the lead sponsor of 182 studies on the registry; 49 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Probability sample

Study population

Patients with pacemakers are usually above the age of 65 years, and suffer from common co-morbidities such as arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, COPD, peripheral artery disease, iron insufficiency, sleep disordered breathing, obesity and/or physical inactivity / de-conditioning.

Inclusion criteria

  • implanted Microport TEO SR/DR or BOREA SR/DR or ALIZEA SR/DR pacemaker device
  • signed informed consent

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • any contraindication to perform a cardiac CT examination
  • eGFR \< 30 ml/min/1.73 m2
  • allergy against CT contrast medium
  • hyperthyreoism
  • inability of the patient to understand the study purpose and plan
  • inability of the patient to perform baseline examinations
  • pregnancy or breast-feeding; women with childbearing potential
  • estimated life expectancy below one year
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,000 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
20 Years
Patient registry
Yes

Groups and cohorts

  • patients with severe sleep apnea

    defined by a pacemaker-derived mean RDI ≥ 20/h in the first 12 months after enrollment

  • patients with autonomic imbalance

    defined by PRD ≥ 5.75deg2 (native) and/or ≥ 3 deg2 (paced) assessed within the first 12 months of enrollment

  • patients with a sedentary lifestyle

    defined by a pacemaker-derived mean daily physical activity level \< 2h in the first 12 months after enrollment

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. 3P-MACE

    death, myocardial infarction and/or stroke

    Time frame: time to first event, follow up for 120 months

  2. device-detected atrial fibrillation

    first episode lasting more than 6 minutes or 24 hours

    Time frame: time to first event, follow up for 120 months

  3. device-detected atrial fibrillation

    total burden

    Time frame: after 1, 3, 5 years

  4. device-detected sleep apnea

    severity (RDI \< versus \> 20/h)

    Time frame: after 1, 3, 5 years

  5. device-detected sleep apnea

    variation

    Time frame: after 1, 3, 5 years

Secondary outcomes

  1. incidence of common opthalmological disease

    in correlation to device-detected sleep apnea and device-detected atrial fibrillation

    Time frame: assessed within the first year after study enrollment

  2. Deterioration of lung function

    conventional lung function testing

    Time frame: after 5 years

  3. Progression of subclinical peripheral artery disease

    sonography

    Time frame: after 5 years

  4. Progression of subclinical peripheral artery disease

    ABI

    Time frame: after 5 years

  5. QoL assessment

    EQ-5D-5L

    Time frame: after 5 years

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • Medical University Innsbruck
    Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
    • Wolfgang Dichtl, MD PhD · Contact · dichtl@me.com · 004351250481388
    • Agne Adukauskaite, MSc PhD · Contact · agne.adukauskaite@tirol-kliniken.at · 004351250483447
    • Philipp Spitaler, MD · Sub investigator
    • Andrea Rubatscher, MD · Sub investigator
    • Valentin Bilgeri, MD · Sub investigator
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Gottlieb DJ, Yenokyan G, Newman AB, O'Connor GT, Punjabi NM, Quan SF, Redline S, Resnick HE, Tong EK, Diener-West M, Shahar E. Prospective study of obstructive sleep apnea and incident coronary heart disease and heart failure: the sleep heart health study. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):352-60. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.901801. Epub 2010 Jul 12. PubMed 20625114 ↗
  • Luyster FS, Kip KE, Aiyer AN, Reis SE, Strollo PJ Jr. Relation of obstructive sleep apnea to coronary artery calcium in non-obese versus obese men and women aged 45-75 years. Am J Cardiol. 2014 Dec 1;114(11):1690-4. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.08.040. Epub 2014 Sep 16. PubMed 25307200 ↗
  • Hla KM, Young T, Hagen EW, Stein JH, Finn LA, Nieto FJ, Peppard PE. Coronary heart disease incidence in sleep disordered breathing: the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study. Sleep. 2015 May 1;38(5):677-84. doi: 10.5665/sleep.4654. PubMed 25515104 ↗
  • Defaye P, de la Cruz I, Marti-Almor J, Villuendas R, Bru P, Senechal J, Tamisier R, Pepin JL. A pacemaker transthoracic impedance sensor with an advanced algorithm to identify severe sleep apnea: the DREAM European study. Heart Rhythm. 2014 May;11(5):842-8. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.02.011. Epub 2014 Feb 19. PubMed 24561163 ↗
  • Marti-Almor J, Marques P, Jesel L, Garcia R, Di Girolamo E, Locati F, Defaye P, Venables P, Dompnier A, Barcelo A, Nagele H, Burri H. Incidence of sleep apnea and association with atrial fibrillation in an unselected pacemaker population: Results of the observational RESPIRE study. Heart Rhythm. 2020 Feb;17(2):195-202. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.09.001. Epub 2019 Sep 4. PubMed 31493591 ↗
  • Moubarak G, Bouzeman A, de Geyer d'Orth T, Bouleti C, Beuzelin C, Cazeau S. Variability in obstructive sleep apnea: Analysis of pacemaker-detected respiratory disturbances. Heart Rhythm. 2017 Mar;14(3):359-364. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2016.11.033. Epub 2016 Nov 23. PubMed 27890735 ↗
  • Mazza A, Bendini MG, Leggio M, De Cristofaro R, Valsecchi S, Boriani G. Continuous monitoring of sleep-disordered breathing with pacemakers: Indexes for risk stratification of atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke. Clin Cardiol. 2020 Dec;43(12):1609-1615. doi: 10.1002/clc.23489. Epub 2020 Nov 12. PubMed 33179808 ↗
  • Linz D, Brooks AG, Elliott AD, Nalliah CJ, Hendriks JML, Middeldorp ME, Gallagher C, Mahajan R, Kalman JM, McEvoy RD, Lau DH, Sanders P. Variability of Sleep Apnea Severity and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: The VARIOSA-AF Study. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2019 Jun;5(6):692-701. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.03.005. Epub 2019 May 1. PubMed 31221356 ↗
  • Mazza A, Bendini MG, De Cristofaro R, Lovecchio M, Valsecchi S, Boriani G. Pacemaker-detected severe sleep apnea predicts new-onset atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2017 Dec 1;19(12):1937-1943. doi: 10.1093/europace/euw371. PubMed 28073884 ↗

Study documents

  • Study protocol · Feb 17, 2025

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Feb 24, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05127720
Lead sponsor
Medical University Innsbruck
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 19, 2021
Start date
Nov 30, 2021
Primary completion
Dec 31, 2041 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 31, 2041 (estimated)
Last update
Feb 24, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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