An interventional study of Warm up and Passive calf muscle stretching in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, sponsored by Universidade Federal do Ceara. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in Brazil. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 35 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-06-04.
Sponsored by Universidade Federal do Ceara · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
Among 21 studies in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome with a site in Brazil — 3 open to participants now, 3 under way, none of them phase 3. Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome · Brazil.
Among the 21 studies in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome with a site in Brazil, this one is the 6th largest by planned enrollment of the 19 interventional ones, is one of 2 that started in 2024, is one of 18 with no phase, and was the 19th registered.
297 studies on the registry are indexed under Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome; 74 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 68 is above the median of 45 across 244 interventional studies indexed under Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome.
Browse Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome studies →3 of the 21 studies in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome with a site in Brazil are open now, in 1 country. Each count lists the studies.
Of the 45 Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome studies recruiting now, 3 (7%) set no upper age limit and 41 (91%) stop at 75 or younger; 7 take children under 18; 13 take healthy volunteers.
This study: 18 Years to 35 Years · female · no healthy volunteers.
The full table on the hub →21 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.
First in 2008; this study’s year is marked. 2 started in 2024.
Median enrollment 40 across the 19 interventional studies, 39 across the 2 observational. Of the 12 that completed or were terminated, 0 (0%) have results posted.
None of the 21 has an industry lead sponsor. The 9 most frequent:
Universidade Federal do Ceara is the lead sponsor of 22 studies on the registry; 3 are open to participants now.
Universidade Federal do Ceara has 4 studies filed under Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome — fewer than ten, so there is no comparison to draw.
1 of the studies in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome with a site in Brazil that are under way reach primary completion within a year, 0 of them phase 3. Phase 3 first, then by date:
| Study | Primary completion |
|---|---|
| NCT06808386University of Nove de JulhoEffects of Training Frequency on Patellofemoral Pain Rehabilitation. | 2026-11-30 |
Among the 21 studies in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome with a site in Brazil, from their registry updates:
Nothing recorded among them since 2026-09-25.
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the most common overuse injury of the lower limb, its prevalence is around 20% in general population, and women are more likely to develop PFP compared to men. PFP may develop as a result of increased pressure and joint stress due to an reduction in contact area in the patellofemoral joint. The excessive dynamic knee valgus is an important contributor to patella misalignment and for the increasing of laterally directed forces on the patella, and restriction in ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) has been previously associated with excessive dynamic knee valgus. Although the evidence shows that strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and gluteus promote improvement of knee pain and function, there is a lack of studies that investigate if targeted interventions for improvement ankle dorsiflexion may promote additional benefits in knee pain and function when performed in combination with strengthening exercises. Thus, the aimed of this study is analyze the addition effect of calf stretching and ankle mobilization to quadriceps and gluteus strengthening on knee pain and function in women with PFP who display ankle dorsiflexion restriction.
The study sample will be formed by 68 women with PFP who show ankle dorsiflexion restriction, divided into two groups: Experimental Group (EG, n = 34), that will receive two manual therapy techniques (calf muscle stretching and ankle mobilization) followed by five muscle strengthening exercises focusing on quadriceps and posterolateral hip complex (PHC), and; Control Group (CG, n = 34), that will receive only the five muscle strengthening exercises focusing on quadriceps and PHC. The treatment sessions will be individual and supervised by a physiotherapist, will last 40-50 minutes and will perform twice a week for six weeks. Before starting each treatment session, both groups will perform warm up with a walk or exercise bike for 5 minutes.
The calf muscle stretching will be performed passively in two repetitions with 30 seconds of held in the stretching position and 30 seconds of rest between repetitions. The ankle mobilization will be performed using the Weight-bearing Mobilization with Movement (WB-MWM) technique, being applied in two sets of 10 repetitions with two minutes of rest between sets.
The five muscle strengthening exercises will be as follows: (a) clam exercise; (b) hip abduction exercise in side lying; (c) knee extension exercise in a sitting position; (d) squat exercise, and; (e) forward lunge exercise. All exercises will be performed in three sets of 12 repetitions with on minutes of rest between sets and two minutes of rest between exercises.
Regarding the intensity of the exercises, this will be monitored by the physiotherapist according to the perception of the level of effort and difficulty reported by the participant when completing the series of each exercise, according to the specifications of the modified Borg scale (CR-10). The exercises will be carried out with a load between 60-80% of the capacity and level of effort reported by the participant. The load will be increased by 2-10% when the patient is able to perform 12 full repetitions in the last series of the exercise with perceived effort \<60%.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
The procedures to be performed with participants in the experimental group are as follows: (1) warm up with a walk or exercise bike for 5 minutes; (2) two ankle manual therapy techniques - \[a\] passive calf muscle stretching and \[b\] ankle joint mobilization; (3) five muscle strengthening exercises focusing on quadriceps and posterolateral hip complex - \[a\] clam exercise, \[b\] hip abduction exercise in side lying, \[c\] knee extension exercise in a sitting position, \[d\] squat exercise and \[e\] forward lunge exercise.
Other: Warm up · Other: Passive calf muscle stretching · Other: Ankle joint mobilization - weight-bearing mobilization with movement (WB-MWM) technique · Other: Clam exercise · Other: Hip abduction exercise in side lying · Other: Knee extension exercise in a sitting position · Other: Squat exercise · Other: Forward lunge exercise
The procedures to be performed with participants in the control group are as follows: (1) warm up with a walk or exercise bike for 5 minutes; (2) five muscle strengthening exercises focusing on quadriceps and posterolateral hip complex - \[a\] clam exercise, \[b\] hip abduction exercise in side lying, \[c\] knee extension exercise in a sitting position, \[d\] squat exercise and \[e\] forward lunge exercise.
Other: Warm up · Other: Clam exercise · Other: Hip abduction exercise in side lying · Other: Knee extension exercise in a sitting position · Other: Squat exercise · Other: Forward lunge exercise
Warm up through a walk or exercise bike for 5 minutes with moderate intensity according to modified Borg scale (CR-10)
With the participant lying in the supine position, the physiotherapist will passively perform the ankle dorsiflexion movement to stretch the participant's calf to the limit tolerated by the participant. This procedure will be performed in two repetitions with 30 seconds of held in the stretching position and 30 seconds of rest between repetitions.
To perform the WB-MWM technique, the participant will be instructed to take a weight-bearing position with the tibia in a vertical position. The physiotherapist will be stay in front participant's ankle and will use the hands to stabilize the participant's foot as close as possible to the anterior region of the talus. A rigid belt will be placed on the participant's tibia and around physiotherapist´s hip. Then, the physiotherapist will project his hip backwards to produce a nonpainful anterior tibia glide. The participant will be asked to perform a forward lunge as far as possible without raising heel off the table and without reproducing knee symptoms. After achieving the maximum forward lunge, the participant will be instructed to hold this position for 5 seconds and then return to the starting position. This procedure will be performed in two sets of 10 repetitions with two minutes of rest between sets.
The participant will side lying with trunk straight and both hips and knees at 45º and 90º of flexion, respectively. An elastic band will be used as external resistance, that will be positioned above the participant's knee. The individual will be instructed to perform the abduction and lateral rotation of the hip (keeping the heels in contact) against the resistance of the elastic band and then return to starting position. This exercise will be performed in three sets of 12 repetitions with on minutes of rest between sets. The exercise will be carried out with a load between 60-80% of the capacity and level of effort reported by the participant, according to the specifications of the modified Borg scale (CR-10). The load will be increased by 2-10% when the patient is able to perform 12 full repetitions in the last set of the exercise with perceived effort \<60%.
The participant will side lying with trunk straight, both hips in a neutral position and both knee in extension. An elastic band will be used as external resistance, that will be positioned above the participant's knee. The individual will be instructed to perform the hip abduction against the resistance of the elastic band and then return to starting position. This exercise will be performed in three sets of 12 repetitions with with on minutes of rest between sets. The exercise will be carried out with a load between 60-80% of the capacity and level of effort reported by the participant, according to the specifications of the modified Borg scale (CR-10). The load will be increased by 2-10% when the patient is able to perform 12 full repetitions in the last set of the exercise with perceived effort \<60%.
The participant will be seated at the treatment table with the trunk straight and both knees in 90º of flexion. The external resistance will be positioned above the participant's ankle. The individual will be instructed to perform the knee extension at a protective angle (90º-45º of flexion), progressing to full extension (90º-0º of flexion) as long as the full knee extension does not reproduce the knee pain symptoms. Then, the participant will should return to starting position. This exercise will be performed in three sets of 12 repetitions with with on minutes of rest between sets. The exercise will be carried out with a load between 60-80% of the capacity and level of effort reported by the participant, according to the specifications of the modified Borg scale (CR-10). The load will be increased by 2-10% when the patient is able to perform 12 full repetitions in the last set of the exercise with perceived effort \<60%.
The participant will be stand with the trunk straight, knees in extension and feet hip-width apart. Dumbbells will be used as external resistance.The individual will be instructed to perform the squat movement at a protective angle (0º-45º of knee flexion), progressing to a deep squat (90º of knee flexion) as long as the movement does not reproduce the knee pain symptoms. Then, the participant will should return to starting position. This exercise will be performed in three sets of 12 repetitions with with on minutes of rest between sets. The exercise will be carried out with a load between 60-80% of the capacity and level of effort reported by the participant, according to the specifications of the modified Borg scale (CR-10). The load will be increased by 2-10% when the patient is able to perform 12 full repetitions in the last set of the exercise with perceived effort \<60%.
The participant will be stand with one lower limb in a long stride forwards of the other limb, trunk straight and both knee in extension. Dumbbells will be used as external resistance. From this position, the participant will be instructed to bend both knees to lower your body at a protective angle (0º-45º of knee flexion), progressing to a greater knee flexion (90º) as long as the movement does not reproduce the knee pain symptoms. Then, the participant will should return to starting position. This exercise will be performed in three sets of 12 repetitions with with on minutes of rest between sets. The exercise will be carried out with a load between 60-80% of the capacity and level of effort reported by the participant, according to the specifications of the modified Borg scale (CR-10). The load will be increased by 2-10% when the patient is able to perform 12 full repetitions in the last set of the exercise with perceived effort \<60%.
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
Pain will be assessed by use of an 11-point Numeric Pain Scale, where 0 correspond to no pain and 10 correspond to worst imaginable pain.
Time frame: At the end of the six weeks of treatment
Anterior Knee Pain Scale
The subjective functional capacity of the participant will be recorded with the translated and validated Portuguese-language version of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS). The scores for this scale, 0 to 100, represent the lowest to the highest levels of functional capacity, respectively.
Time frame: At the end of the six weeks of treatment
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
Pain will be assessed by use of an 11-point Numeric Pain Scale, where 0 correspond to no pain and 10 correspond to worst imaginable pain.
Time frame: At 3 and 6 months follow-up
Anterior Knee Pain Scale
The subjective functional capacity of the participant will be recorded with the translated and validated Portuguese-language version of the Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS). The scores for this scale, 0 to 100, represent the lowest to the highest levels of functional capacity, respectively.
Time frame: At 3 and 6 months follow-up
Weight-Bearing Lunge Test
The ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in closed kinetic chain will be measured by the distance between foot and wall in the weight-bearing lunge test.
Time frame: At the end of the six weeks of treatment
Dynamic knee valgus
The dynamic knee valgus will be assessed by 2D kinematic through measurement of frontal plane projection angle of the knee during the forward step-down test.
Time frame: At the end of the six weeks of treatment
Isometric strength of the quadriceps
The quadriceps isometric strength will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer (Nicholas Manual Muscle Test, Lafayette Instrument Company, Lafayette, Indiana, USA). The evaluation will be performed with the participant in a sitting position, straight trunk and knee at 90º of flexion.
Time frame: At the end of the six weeks of treatment.
Isometric strength of the hip posterolateral complex
The hip posterolateral complex isometric strength will be assessed using a handheld dynamometer (Nicholas Manual Muscle Test, Lafayette Instrument Company, Lafayette, Indiana, USA) during the Hip Stability Isometric Test (HipSIT).
Time frame: At the end of the six weeks of treatment.
Global Effect Perception Scale for Treatment
The participant's perception of treatment will be assessed by use of an 11-point Global Effect Perception Scale , where +5 correspond to perception of great improvement and -5 correspond to perception of great worsening.
Time frame: At the end of the six weeks of treatment.
Start is estimated for Oct 2024; primary completion for Dec 2024, 2 months later.
Of 153 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, half reached primary completion within 11 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 4 and three quarters within 20. This study's planned 2 months is below that.
Counting every sponsor, half of 157 studies reached it within 11 months; a quarter within 4 and three quarters within 21.
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Jun 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome →
Universidade Federal do Ceara