ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04306952ASCENTUpdated Aug 20, 2024Results posted

Awareness and Self-Compassion Enhancing Narcolepsy Treatment

An interventional study of Brief MBI and Standard MBI in Narcolepsy, Narcolepsy Without Cataplexy and Narcolepsy With Cataplexy, sponsored by Northwestern University. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 100 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-08-20.

Sponsored by Northwestern University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
60
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 100 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-15

Among 85 studies in Narcolepsy with a site in United States — 19 open to participants now, 20 under way, 8 of them phase 3. Narcolepsy · United States.

Enrollment
49th of 69
60 · median 93
Started
2020
with 6 others
No phase
8 of 85
1 open now
Registered
37th of 85
by date
Lead sponsor
3 of 85
Northwestern University

Among the 85 studies in Narcolepsy with a site in United States, this one is the 49th largest by enrollment of the 69 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 7 that started in 2020, is one of 8 with no phase, and was the 37th registered.

Narcolepsy

158 studies on the registry are indexed under Narcolepsy; 38 are open to participants now.

Browse Narcolepsy studies →

Open to participants now

19 of the 85 studies in Narcolepsy with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

14 more — sign in →

All 19 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 30 Narcolepsy studies recruiting now, 12 (40%) set no upper age limit and 16 (53%) stop at 75 or younger; 12 take children under 18; 6 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 100 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

The overall goal of this research is to test the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for improving health-related quality of life as a complementary practice to standard care for narcolepsy. This study is a feasibility trial in which 60 adults with narcolepsy will be randomized to receive either a 4-week (brief), 8-week (standard), or 12-week (extended) MBI. Each MBI will be delivered in small groups using a live videoconferencing platform and teaches mindfulness practices to help cope with narcolepsy symptoms. By developing a scalable mind-body intervention, this project can addresses a major research gap on improving psychosocial functioning in people with narcolepsy.

Read the detailed description

Narcolepsy is a serious and debilitating condition involving persistent and excessive sleepiness that affects 1 in 2000 Americans and 3 million people worldwide. Although wake-promoting pharmacotherapy can reduce sleepiness there is no cure and people with narcolepsy experience significantly poor health-related quality of life, particularly in the domains of mental and social health. Therefore, the overarching goal of this research is to test the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for improving health-related quality of life as a complementary practice to standard care for narcolepsy. The purpose of this study is to conduct a feasibility trial to determine the optimal parameters for adapting and delivering MBI to people with narcolepsy. The specific aims are to: 1) Determine the feasibility and acceptability of MBI delivered using videoconferencing for the purpose of improving psychosocial functioning in people with narcolepsy and 2) Determine the feasibility of recruitment and assessment methods for delivering MBI using videoconferencing. The feasibility trial includes 60 adults with narcolepsy who will be randomized to receive either a 4-week (brief), 8-week (standard), or 12-week (extended) MBI. Each MBI will be similar in content, which includes mindfulness practices and group discussions with adaptations for working with narcolepsy symptoms. All MBIs will be delivered in small groups using a live videoconferencing platform to enhance accessibility. If the findings of this project support the feasibility of further testing, the next project would be aimed at enhancing rigor and reproducibility (e.g., designing appropriate control, refining outcome measures and eligibility criteria) in preparation for a large-scale pragmatic trial. The overall significance of this research is to develop a scalable mind-body intervention that addresses a major research gap on improving psychosocial functioning in people with narcolepsy.

03

Conditions studied

  • Narcolepsy
  • Narcolepsy Without Cataplexy
  • Narcolepsy With Cataplexy

Keywords

  • Narcolepsy
  • psychosocial
  • mindfulness
  • health-related quality of life
  • hypersomnia
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 100 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Males and females age 18 and older (except when the age of majority for a state differs from 18, including Delaware [19 years or older], Mississippi [21 years or older], and Nebraska [19 years or older])
  2. ICSD-3 criteria (8) for Narcolepsy (Type I or II)
  3. Endorse current psychological distress based on a t-score ≥ 60 on the PROMIS depression or anxiety scales
  4. Established standard care for narcolepsy. Patients who have not been previously diagnosed will be required to complete a clinical work-up through a sleep clinic (i.e., nocturnal PSG followed by a next-day MSLT) before participating. Standard care is managed outside of the study.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Hypersomnia not of central origin (i.e., hypersomnia attributed to psychiatric disorder, medical disorder, other sleep disorder such as circadian rhythm sleep disorder, or insufficient sleep).
  2. Current suicidal ideation or intent.
  3. Uncontrolled medical conditions or physical limitations that require immediate medical treatment that would prevent ability to engage in the treatment protocol.
  4. Inability to engage in the treatment protocol due to a psychiatric (e.g., psychotic disorder) or cognitive issue.
  5. Untreated moderate-to-severe sleep-related breathing disorder, defined as an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15. Those receiving treatment for a sleep-related breathing disorder and can demonstrate adequate management (e.g., residual AHI \< 5) will be allowed to participate.
  6. Previous participation in a formal MBI program, such as MBSR.
  7. Unstable dose of medications at the time of screening (e.g., stimulants).
  8. Unable to attend intervention sessions due to accessibility (i.e., reliable internet connection) or availability (i.e., not available due to scheduling conflicts).
  9. Currently living outside of the United States.
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
60 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Brief MBI

    The brief MBI consists of four weekly group sessions that are two hours each and one all day mediation retreat.

    Behavioral: Brief MBI

  • Experimental
    Standard MBI

    The standard MBI consists of eight weekly group sessions that are approximately two hours each and one all day meditation retreat.

    Behavioral: Standard MBI

  • Experimental
    Extended MBI

    The extended MBI consists of four weekly group sessions followed by four group sessions every other week over the course of 12 weeks, with optional "office hours"in between the bi-weekly group sessions and one all day meditation retreat.

    Behavioral: Extended MBI

Interventions

  • BehavioralBrief MBI

    The brief MBI consists of four weekly group sessions that are two hours each and one all day mediation retreat. The rationale for testing the short MBI is to evaluate a low-dose (8 hours of contact) MBI that optimizes cost-effectiveness and minimizes patient burden.

  • BehavioralStandard MBI

    The standard MBI consists of eight weekly group sessions that are approximately two hours each and one all day meditation retreat. The length of this package is based on the standard length of MBSR as an 8-week program. The rationale for testing the standard MBI is to provide a comparison to a dose (16 hours of contact) that is most similar to the length of MBSR and has the fewest modifications, making it easier to train MBI providers.

  • BehavioralExtended MBI

    The extended MBI consists of four weekly group sessions followed by four group sessions every other week over the course of 12 weeks. Each group session will be two hours. The group sessions will be identical to the standard package except for the timing (every other week) of the last four sessions. In addition to the group sessions, the MBI provider will offer "office hours" in between the bi-weekly group sessions, where participants will be able to schedule individual sessions with the MBI provider to discuss questions and troubleshoot their mindfulness practice. In addition, participants will receive an all-day meditation retreat, similar to the other conditions. The rationale for testing the extended MBI is to optimize acceptability and uptake based on the investigator's preliminary data by allowing for a slower, extended pace of learning mindfulness practices with an opportunity to have individual discussions with the instructor (16 hours of contact + individual office hours).

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants Who Attended ≥ 80% of Sessions

    Number of participants who attended greater than or equal to 80% of sessions

    Time frame: 4 weeks (Brief MBI), 8 weeks (Standard MBI), or 12 weeks (Extended MBI)

  2. Number of Participants Who Practiced Meditation ≥ 4 Days Per Week

    Number of participants who practiced meditation greater than or equal to 4 days per week

    Time frame: 4 weeks (Brief MBI), 8 weeks (Standard MBI), or 12 weeks (Extended MBI)

  3. Number of Participants Who Completed Assessments

    Number of participants who completed entire baseline and post-treatment assessment (questionnaires, actigraphy, and neurocognitive testing)

    Time frame: Baseline and 4 weeks (Brief MBI), 8 weeks (Standard MBI), or 12 weeks (Extended MBI)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)

    The SCS assesses the acquisition of self-compassion. It is a 26-item self report measure with three main components of self-compassion: self-kindness vs. self-judgement, common humanity vs. isolation, and mindfulness vs. over-identification. The total score ranges from 1-5, with higher scores reflecting more self-compassion.

    Time frame: Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)

  2. Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)

    The FFMQ assesses the acquisition of mindfulness skills. It is a 39-item self-report measure that consists of five factors representing elements of mindfulness: observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, and non-reactivity to inner experience. Total scores range from 39-195, with higher scores reflecting more mindfulness.

    Time frame: Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)

  3. Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychosocial Illness Impact Positive

    Measures the direct positive psychosocial effect related to illness with higher scores reflecting better outcomes. Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

    Time frame: Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)

  4. Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychosocial Illness Impact Negative Scale

    Measures the direct negative psychosocial effect related to illness with higher scores reflecting worse outcomes. Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

    Time frame: Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)

  5. Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Scale

    Measures overall physical and mental health with higher scores reflecting better outcomes. Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

    Time frame: Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)

  6. Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety Scale

    Measures anxiety symptoms using Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) with higher scores reflecting more anxiety symptoms (worse outcome). Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

    Time frame: Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)

  7. Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Scale

    Measures depressive symptoms using Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) with higher scores reflecting more depressive symptoms (worse outcome). Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

    Time frame: Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)

07

Results

Posted Nov 1, 2023

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Started202020
Completed201619
Not completed041

Outcome measures

PrimaryNumber of Participants Who Attended ≥ 80% of Sessions

Number of participants who attended greater than or equal to 80% of sessions

Time frame:
4 weeks (Brief MBI), 8 weeks (Standard MBI), or 12 weeks (Extended MBI)
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants Who Attended ≥ 80% of Sessions
ParticipantsBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Number of Participants Who Attended ≥ 80% of Sessions151315
PrimaryNumber of Participants Who Practiced Meditation ≥ 4 Days Per Week

Number of participants who practiced meditation greater than or equal to 4 days per week

Time frame:
4 weeks (Brief MBI), 8 weeks (Standard MBI), or 12 weeks (Extended MBI)
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants Who Practiced Meditation ≥ 4 Days Per Week
ParticipantsBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Number of Participants Who Practiced Meditation ≥ 4 Days Per Week16813
PrimaryNumber of Participants Who Completed Assessments

Number of participants who completed entire baseline and post-treatment assessment (questionnaires, actigraphy, and neurocognitive testing)

Time frame:
Baseline and 4 weeks (Brief MBI), 8 weeks (Standard MBI), or 12 weeks (Extended MBI)
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants Who Completed Assessments
ParticipantsBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Number of Participants Who Completed Assessments181316
SecondarySelf-Compassion Scale (SCS)

The SCS assesses the acquisition of self-compassion. It is a 26-item self report measure with three main components of self-compassion: self-kindness vs. self-judgement, common humanity vs. isolation, and mindfulness vs. over-identification. The total score ranges from 1-5, with higher scores reflecting more self-compassion.

Time frame:
Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)
score on a scaleBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Baseline2.66 ± .802.91 ± .822.52 ± .50
Post-treatment3.12 ± .863.58 ± .583.61 ± .61
SecondaryFive Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)

The FFMQ assesses the acquisition of mindfulness skills. It is a 39-item self-report measure that consists of five factors representing elements of mindfulness: observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, and non-reactivity to inner experience. Total scores range from 39-195, with higher scores reflecting more mindfulness.

Time frame:
Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)
score on a scaleBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Baseline115.90 ± 24.80122.50 ± 22.13107.00 ± 13.43
Post-treatment132.42 ± 21.91144.00 ± 16.11136.53 ± 19.42
SecondaryPatient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychosocial Illness Impact Positive

Measures the direct positive psychosocial effect related to illness with higher scores reflecting better outcomes. Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

Time frame:
Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)
Reported as:
Mean · T-score
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychosocial Illness Impact Positive
T-scoreBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Baseline39.35 ± 8.0042.07 ± 6.8438.74 ± 7.23
Post-treatment42.83 ± 8.9246.94 ± 8.2643.85 ± 9.02
SecondaryPatient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychosocial Illness Impact Negative Scale

Measures the direct negative psychosocial effect related to illness with higher scores reflecting worse outcomes. Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

Time frame:
Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)
Reported as:
Mean · T-score
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Psychosocial Illness Impact Negative Scale
T-scoreBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Baseline60.94 ± 6.5359.35 ± 5.2862.59 ± 8.26
Post-treatment58.70 ± 10.0956.52 ± 6.2457.28 ± 6.75
SecondaryPatient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Scale

Measures overall physical and mental health with higher scores reflecting better outcomes. Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

Time frame:
Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)
Reported as:
Mean · T-score
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Scale
T-scoreBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Global Mental Health (Baseline)38.01 ± 7.8940.43 ± 6.0736.03 ± 7.82
Global Mental Health (Post-treatment)41.17 ± 10.0944.77 ± 7.3542.73 ± 8.09
Global Physical Health (Baseline)46.32 ± 7.4643.85 ± 6.1543.71 ± 6.44
Global Physical Health (Post-treatment)47.41 ± 8.1646.32 ± 6.8245.12 ± 8.32
SecondaryPatient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety Scale

Measures anxiety symptoms using Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) with higher scores reflecting more anxiety symptoms (worse outcome). Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

Time frame:
Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)
Reported as:
Mean · T-score
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anxiety Scale
T-scoreBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Baseline62.54 ± 7.0461.24 ± 4.8561.69 ± 6.67
Post-treatment62.46 ± 9.7956.62 ± 6.2558.04 ± 7.48
SecondaryPatient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Scale

Measures depressive symptoms using Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) with higher scores reflecting more depressive symptoms (worse outcome). Population mean (T-score) of 50 with a standard deviation of 10.

Time frame:
Baseline to post-treatment (Brief MBI 4 weeks, Standard MBI 8 weeks, Extended MBI 12 weeks)
Reported as:
Mean · T-score
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression Scale
T-scoreBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Baseline59.53 ± 4.7656.11 ± 4.8160.06 ± 6.25
Post-treatment57.70 ± 9.0853.89 ± 6.3052.73 ± 6.08

Adverse events

Collected over 12 weeks (all groups). Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Brief MBI0/20 (0%)0/20 (0%)7/20 (35%)
Standard MBI0/20 (0%)1/20 (5%)5/20 (25%)
Extended MBI0/20 (0%)0/20 (0%)1/20 (5%)
Most frequent serious events
Most frequent serious events
EventBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Stent placementCardiac disorders0/201/200/20
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventBrief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBI
Actigraphy-related skin irritationSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders1/202/200/20
Exacerbation of pre-existing depressionPsychiatric disorders2/200/200/20
CystNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)2/200/200/20
Car accidentInjury, poisoning and procedural complications0/201/200/20
InfectionInfections and infestations0/201/201/20
MigraineNervous system disorders0/201/200/20
Increased sleepinessNervous system disorders1/200/200/20
MelanomaSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders1/200/200/20

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Brief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBITotal
<=18 years0000
Between 18 and 65 years20191857
>=65 years0123
Sex/Gender, Customized
Sex/Gender, Customized(Participants)Brief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBITotal
Female16172053
Male3205
Non-binary1102
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Brief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBITotal
Hispanic or Latino2226
Not Hispanic or Latino18181854
Unknown or Not Reported0000
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Brief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBITotal
American Indian or Alaska Native0000
Asian1023
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0000
Black or African American1001
White18201755
More than one race0011
Unknown or Not Reported0000
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Depression
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Depression(T-Score)Brief MBIStandard MBIExtended MBITotal
Mean59.53 ± 4.7656.11 ± 4.8160.06 ± 6.2558.57 ± 5.52
08

Study locations

1 site
  • Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University
    Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Mundt JM, Zee PC, Schuiling MD, Hakenjos AJ, Victorson DE, Fox RS, Dawson SC, Rogers AE, Ong JC. Development of a mindfulness-based intervention for narcolepsy: a feasibility study. Sleep. 2024 Oct 11;47(10):zsae137. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsae137. PubMed 38895897 ↗

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jun 2020 to primary completion in May 2022, 23 months.

Results were first posted in Nov 2023, 1 year 5 months after primary completion.

Of 21 interventional studies with no phase under Narcolepsy, half reached primary completion within 23 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 15 and three quarters within 42. This study's 23 months is close to that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Feb 28, 2020
First posted
Mar 13, 2020
StartActual
Jun 15, 2020
Primary completionActual
May 30, 2022
CompletionActual
Jun 30, 2022
Results first posted
Nov 1, 2023
Last update
Aug 20, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 20, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04306952
Responsible party
Jennifer Mundt, PhD (Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 13, 2020
Start date
Jun 15, 2020
Primary completion
May 30, 2022
Completion
Jun 30, 2022
Results posted
Nov 1, 2023
Last update
Aug 20, 2024

Study contacts

Jennifer Mundt, PhD
principal investigator · Northwestern University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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