ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04230928GLOHUpdated Mar 2, 2026

Giving a Low Carbohydrate Diet to Overcome Hypertension

An interventional study of Very low carbohydrate diet and Standard DPP-GLB diet in Hypertension, African Americans and Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted, sponsored by Baylor Research Institute. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 74 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-03-02.

Sponsored by Baylor Research Institute · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
64
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 74 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study will test the preliminary efficacy of adding a very low carbohydrate dietary intervention to the evidence-based DPP-GLB on blood pressure reductions for lower-income AA men and women in a community-based clinic.

Read the detailed description

This study will evaluate the effects of consuming a very low carbohydrate (VLC) diet in a sustainable community care setting, in addition to routine medical care, to African American (AA) with pre-hypertension, hypertension (stage 1-3), or cardiovascular disease risk factors. This study will also secondarily assess the feasibility of following a VLC diet in a low-income, AA population.

02

Conditions studied

  • Hypertension
  • African Americans
  • Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
  • Risk Reduction Behavior

Keywords

  • Hypertension
  • Low carbohydrate diet
  • African American race
  • Cardiovascular disease risk
  • Weight loss
03

In context

Hypertension

6,114 studies on the registry are indexed under Hypertension; 912 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 64 is below the median of 100 across 4,575 interventional studies indexed under Hypertension.

Browse Hypertension studies →

Lead sponsor

Baylor Research Institute is the lead sponsor of 223 studies on the registry; 48 are open to participants now.

Of its 23 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 9 (39%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 74 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • 1) men and women aged ≥ 18 years
  • 2) willingness to participate in a 10-month study
  • 3) systolic blood pressure > 120 mm/Hg +/- diastolic blood pressure > 80 mm/Hg
  • 4) African American race

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • 1) diagnosed congestive heart failure
  • 2) Hypertension stage 4 or higher (e.g., SBP >180 mm/Hg; DBP > 110 mm/Hg)
  • 3) received or needing more than 3 anti-hypertensive medications
  • 4) pregnant or planning to become pregnant
  • 5) receiving or needing a heart transplant
  • 6) Using injected long or short-acting insulin for diabetes treatment
  • 7) not African American race
  • 8) unable to speak and read English with fluency
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
64 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Placebo comparator
    Standard GLB Control

    Individuals will receive the standard Diabetes Prevention Program-Group Lifestyle Balance (GLB) program as outlined by the American Diabetes Association. This program will be taught at the Baylor Scott \& White Health and Wellness Center by trained research staff.

    Other: Standard DPP-GLB diet · Behavioral: Standard DPP-GLB program modules

  • Experimental
    VLC-GLB Intervention

    Individuals will receive a version of the DPP-GLB program in which 4 of the 12 modules will teach a very low carbohydrate diet instead of the standard. All other components of the DPP-GLB will follow the standard. This program will be taught at the Baylor Scott \& White Health and Wellness Center by trained research staff.

    Other: Very low carbohydrate diet · Behavioral: Standard DPP-GLB program modules

Interventions

  • OtherVery low carbohydrate diet

    Participants will learn to follow a very low carbohydrate diet in modified versions of GLB modules 2,3,5 \& 10. Participants will learn to track carbohydrate intake

  • OtherStandard DPP-GLB diet

    Participants will learn to follow a very low fat, calorie-restricted diet and track fat grams and caloric intake in standard GLB modules 2,3,5, \& 10

  • BehavioralStandard DPP-GLB program modules

    Participants will learn standard DPP-GLB modules for other lifestyle modifications for stress, physical activity, etc. in sessions 1,4,6-9, 11-22

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Changes in Systolic blood pressure

    Measure changes in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure using digital sphygmomanometer; NOTE: Only Systolic BP is primary outcome, diastolic change will be a secondary outcome measure

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  2. Dietary changes in carbohydrate intake

    Assess changes in diet using ASA24 online dietary recall

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Changes in Fasting blood glucose

    Finger stick measure of blood glucose levels collected after 8-12 hours fasting

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  2. Changes in Hemoglobin A1C

    Finger stick measure of hemoglobin A1C collected after 8-12 hours fasting

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  3. Changes in Cholesterol and lipoproteins

    Finger stick measure of blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides collected after 8-12 hours fasting

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  4. Changes in % Body weight

    Change in weight measured in lbs. with digital scale; % change calculated

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  5. Changes in Body mass index (BMI)

    Change in calculated BMI based upon height (in.) with stadiometer \& weight (lbs.) with digital scale

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  6. Dietary changes in fat intake

    Assess changes in diet using ASA24 online dietary recall

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  7. Dietary changes in caloric intake

    Assess changes in diet using ASA24 online dietary recall

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

  8. Changes in Diastolic blood pressure

    Measure changes in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure using digital sphygmomanometer; NOTE: Only Systolic BP is primary outcome, diastolic change will be a secondary outcome measure

    Time frame: Baseline; 12 weeks; 10 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Baylor Research Institute
    Dallas, Texas 75210, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Gillum RF. Pathophysiology of hypertension in blacks and whites. A review of the basis of racial blood pressure differences. Hypertension. 1979 Sep-Oct;1(5):468-75. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.1.5.468. PubMed 541040 ↗
  • Benjamin EJ, Virani SS, Callaway CW, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, Chiuve SE, Cushman M, Delling FN, Deo R, de Ferranti SD, Ferguson JF, Fornage M, Gillespie C, Isasi CR, Jimenez MC, Jordan LC, Judd SE, Lackland D, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth L, Liu S, Longenecker CT, Lutsey PL, Mackey JS, Matchar DB, Matsushita K, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, O'Flaherty M, Palaniappan LP, Pandey A, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Ritchey MD, Rodriguez CJ, Roth GA, Rosamond WD, Sampson UKA, Satou GM, Shah SH, Spartano NL, Tirschwell DL, Tsao CW, Voeks JH, Willey JZ, Wilkins JT, Wu JH, Alger HM, Wong SS, Muntner P; American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2018 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018 Mar 20;137(12):e67-e492. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000558. Epub 2018 Jan 31. No abstract available. PubMed 29386200 ↗
  • Lackland DT. Racial differences in hypertension: implications for high blood pressure management. Am J Med Sci. 2014 Aug;348(2):135-8. doi: 10.1097/MAJ.0000000000000308. PubMed 24983758 ↗
  • Zhang D, Wang G, Zhang P, Fang J, Ayala C. Medical Expenditures Associated With Hypertension in the U.S., 2000-2013. Am J Prev Med. 2017 Dec;53(6S2):S164-S171. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.05.014. PubMed 29153117 ↗
  • Howard G, Prineas R, Moy C, Cushman M, Kellum M, Temple E, Graham A, Howard V. Racial and geographic differences in awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study. Stroke. 2006 May;37(5):1171-8. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000217222.09978.ce. Epub 2006 Mar 23. PubMed 16556884 ↗
  • Lackland DT, Keil JE. Epidemiology of hypertension in African Americans. Semin Nephrol. 1996 Mar;16(2):63-70. PubMed 8668862 ↗
  • Kitzman H, Dodgen L, Mamun A, Slater JL, King G, Slater D, King A, Mandapati S, DeHaven M. Community-based participatory research to design a faith-enhanced diabetes prevention program: The Better Me Within randomized trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2017 Nov;62:77-90. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.08.003. Epub 2017 Aug 12. PubMed 28807739 ↗
  • Tiwari S, Riazi S, Ecelbarger CA. Insulin's impact on renal sodium transport and blood pressure in health, obesity, and diabetes. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007 Oct;293(4):F974-84. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00149.2007. Epub 2007 Aug 8. PubMed 17686957 ↗
  • Meckling KA, Gauthier M, Grubb R, Sanford J. Effects of a hypocaloric, low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss, blood lipids, blood pressure, glucose tolerance, and body composition in free-living overweight women. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;80(11):1095-105. doi: 10.1139/y02-140. PubMed 12489929 ↗
  • Rehm CD, Penalvo JL, Afshin A, Mozaffarian D. Dietary Intake Among US Adults, 1999-2012. JAMA. 2016 Jun 21;315(23):2542-53. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.7491. PubMed 27327801 ↗
  • Saslow LR, Kim S, Daubenmier JJ, Moskowitz JT, Phinney SD, Goldman V, Murphy EJ, Cox RM, Moran P, Hecht FM. A randomized pilot trial of a moderate carbohydrate diet compared to a very low carbohydrate diet in overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes. PLoS One. 2014 Apr 9;9(4):e91027. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091027. eCollection 2014. PubMed 24717684 ↗
  • Subar AF, Kirkpatrick SI, Mittl B, Zimmerman TP, Thompson FE, Bingley C, Willis G, Islam NG, Baranowski T, McNutt S, Potischman N. The Automated Self-Administered 24-hour dietary recall (ASA24): a resource for researchers, clinicians, and educators from the National Cancer Institute. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 Aug;112(8):1134-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.04.016. Epub 2012 Jun 15. No abstract available. PubMed 22704899 ↗
  • Yancy WS Jr, Westman EC, McDuffie JR, Grambow SC, Jeffreys AS, Bolton J, Chalecki A, Oddone EZ. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet vs orlistat plus a low-fat diet for weight loss. Arch Intern Med. 2010 Jan 25;170(2):136-45. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.492. PubMed 20101008 ↗
  • Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Research Group. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP): description of lifestyle intervention. Diabetes Care. 2002 Dec;25(12):2165-71. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.12.2165. PubMed 12453955 ↗
  • Armstrong C; Joint National Committee. JNC8 guidelines for the management of hypertension in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2014 Oct 1;90(7):503-4. No abstract available. PubMed 25369633 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — All IPD that underlies results in publication

Supporting information: Study protocol, Statistical analysis plan, Analytic code

Time frame: Data will be available within 6 months of outcome publication

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Mar 2020 to primary completion in Nov 2021, 20 months.

Of 1,403 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Hypertension, half reached primary completion within 23 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 41. This study's 20 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 1,498 studies reached it within 23 months; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 41.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jan 10, 2020
First posted
Jan 18, 2020
StartActual
Mar 5, 2020
Primary completionActual
Nov 18, 2021
CompletionActual
Jun 30, 2023
Last update
Mar 2, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 2, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04230928
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 18, 2020
Start date
Mar 5, 2020
Primary completion
Nov 18, 2021
Completion
Jun 30, 2023
Last update
Mar 2, 2026

Study contacts

Aisha H Montgomery, MD, MPH
principal investigator · Baylor Scott and White Health

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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