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CompletedNCT04224142Maternal PKUUpdated Nov 28, 2025

Evaluation of PKU Sphere in Maternal PKU

An observational study in Maternal Phenylketonuria, sponsored by Vitaflo International, Ltd. Completed at 3 sites in United Kingdom. Open to female participants aged 16 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-11-28.

Sponsored by Vitaflo International, Ltd (part of Nestlé S.A.) · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
12
Ages
16 Years and older
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

This observational study aims to recruit females, aged 16 years and over, with phenylketonuria (PKU) or hyperphenylalaninemia (hyperphe) following dietary management advice pre-conception and/or during pregnancy, who are willing to take PKU sphere as part of their dietarty management.

Read the detailed description

The aim of this study is to observe dietary management and metabolic control in women taking PKU sphere pre-conceptually and/or during pregnancy. To do this the following data points will be captured:

  • Blood spot phenylalanine and tyrosine levels to measure metabolic control
  • Changes to dietary management and any adaptations arising from incorporating PKU Sphere
  • Compliance/adherence of patients to their recommended amount of protein substitute prescription.
  • Tolerance of PKU sphere with respect to gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and pregnancy associated nausea and vomiting.
  • Acceptability of concurrent protein substitute(s) (if applicable).
  • Nutritional status and weight management.
  • Routine standard of care data on the final pregnancy outcome and postpartum.
02

Conditions studied

  • Maternal Phenylketonuria

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Keywords

  • Maternal
  • PKU
  • Phenylketonuria
  • GMP
  • Glycomacropeptide
03

In context

Phenylketonurias

191 studies on the registry are indexed under Phenylketonurias; 40 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 12 is below the median of 37 across 61 observational studies indexed under Phenylketonurias.

Browse Phenylketonurias studies →

Lead sponsor

Vitaflo International, Ltd is the lead sponsor of 23 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

First submitted after Vitaflo International, Ltd became part of Nestlé S.A..

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
16 Years and older
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Maternal and preconception females, aged 16 years onwards with phenylketonuria (PKU) requiring dietary management with protein substitutes.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Diagnosis of phenylketonuria (PKU) or hyperphenylalaninemia (hyperphe) which requires dietary management during pre-conception and/or pregnancy.
  • Aged 16 years and above.
  • Following dietary management advice pre-conceptually and/or during pregnancy, aiming for phenylalanine levels of 120-250µmol/L.
  • Prior positive PKU sphere taste test completed as part of routine care.
  • Chosen to take part or full requirement of protein substitute as PKU sphere pre-conceptually and/or during pregnancy.
  • Willingly given, written, from patient.
  • Participant is, in the opinion of the investigator, able to participate and can comply with the study protocol.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Conception of pregnancy without commencement of phe-restricted diet and blood phenylalanine not maintained within target range by 10 weeks' gestation.
  • Patients with known soya, milk or fish allergies / intolerance.
  • Intake of pegvaliase or large neutral amino acids within 30 days prior to screening visit.
  • Patients who are currently participating in, plan to participate in, or have participated in an interventional drug, food or medical device trial within 30 days prior to screening visit.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
12 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • PKU sphere

    PKU sphere (an FSMP) as per individual requirements determined by a dietitian.

    Dietary Supplement: PKU sphere

Interventions

  • Dietary supplementPKU sphere

    PKU sphere is a Food for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP). This product is for use in the dietary management of phenylketonuria (PKU). It is a powdered, low phenylalanine medical food containing a balanced mix of GMP, essential and non-essential amino acids, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins, minerals, and DHA. It is available in 27g sachets providing 15g PE and contains 28mg Phe and 35g sachets providing 20g PE and contains 36mg Phe.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in blood spot phenylalanine levels

    Measurement of fasting phenylalanine concentrations completed once (1) to twice (2) weekly preconception (which may last for an indeterminate amount of time), twice (2) to three (3) times weekly during pregnancy and one month postpartum. Collected as dried bloodspots on Guthrie cards in the patient's own home and posted to the hospital laboratory for analysis.

    Time frame: Baseline, 1-2 times weekly during preconception (max. 2 years), 2-3 times weekly during pregnancy, one month postpartum.

  2. Change in blood spot tyrosine levels

    Measurement of fasting tyrosine concentrations completed once (1) to twice (2) weekly preconception (which may last for an indeterminate amount of time), twice (2) to three (3) times weekly during pregnancy and one month postpartum. Collected as dried bloodspots on Guthrie cards in the patient's own home and posted to the hospital laboratory for analysis.

    Time frame: Baseline, 1-2 times weekly during preconception (max. 2 years), 2-3 times weekly during pregnancy, one month postpartum.

  3. Change in adherence to study product intake

    3-day diary recording compliance/adherence of patients to their prescribed amount of protein substitute.

    Time frame: Every 12 weeks from baseline during preconception (max. 2 years) and pregnancy until the end of the pregnancy

  4. Participants' gastrointestinal adverse events

    Participant to report any gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and pregnancy-associated nausea and vomiting while consuming PKU Sphere.

    Time frame: Throughout the study until one month postpartum

  5. Change in weight

    Weight (kg)

    Time frame: Baseline, every 24 weeks during preconception (max. 2 years) and pregnancy, one month postpartum

  6. Change in plasma amino acid profile

    Plasma amino acid profile

    Time frame: Baseline, all routine results during preconception (max. 2 years) and pregnancy, one month postpartum

  7. Change in plasma micronutrient profile

    Plasma micronutrient profile

    Time frame: Baseline, all routine results during preconception (max. 2 years) and pregnancy, one month postpartum

  8. Pregnancy outcome

    Standard of care data on the outcome of the pregnancy

    Time frame: End of pregnancy

07

Study locations

3 sites
  • Royal Victoria Hospital
    Belfast, United Kingdom
  • University Hospital of Wales
    Cardiff, United Kingdom
  • University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
    London, United Kingdom
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 28, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04224142
Collaborators
University College London Hospitals
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 13, 2020
Start date
Jul 29, 2019
Primary completion
Oct 7, 2025
Completion
Oct 7, 2025
Last update
Nov 28, 2025

Study contacts

Charlotte Ellerton
principal investigator · University College London Hospitals

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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