An observational study in Palliative Care, Emergency Department and Cost Effectiveness, sponsored by National University Hospital, Singapore. Status unknown at 3 sites in Singapore. Open to participants aged 21 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-04-13.
Sponsored by National University Hospital, Singapore · Observational
End-of-life (EOL) care has garnered increasing recognition and acceptance in the field of emergency medicine. Some emergency departments (EDs) in Singapore have instituted or plan to institute EOL care as part of the workflow. However, the EOL protocols are not standardised across all these EDs. The adherence to and quality of EOL care have not been formally measured in all institutions. Hence, gaps to improve the quality of care have yet to be determined.
The aims are to systematically measure the current quality of EOL care in three Singapore hospital EDs and identify the quality gaps; formulate interventions to address these gaps and implement the improved EOL care; and measure the improvement post-implementation. The investigators hypothesise that the current quality of EOL care in three EDs is suboptimal and the interventions planned will improve the quality of care provided.
The study team plans to conduct an interrupted time series study to detect whether the interventions have an effect significantly greater than any underlying trend over time. The quality of care indicators to be measured are timely identification of patients who require EOL care, adequacy of symptom control based on compliance to prescriptions, opportunities to discuss and develop an individualised care plan, perceived quality of care by healthcare providers and next-of-kin, and cost effectiveness. Planned interventions include refining the protocol with collaboration of content experts in palliative care, education and training of healthcare providers, and addressing specific gaps identified to improve cost effectiveness. The results of this study will form the standardisation and foundation for establishing the national benchmark for quality of EOL care in Singapore EDs.
1,692 studies on the registry are indexed under Emergencies; 333 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 900 is above the median of 353 across 714 observational studies indexed under Emergencies.
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Patients attending the emergency department at their end-of-life phase, relatives of such patients and healthcare workers involved with care
Exclusion Criteria:
Patients at their end-of-life (EOL) phase attending the emergency department
Other: Review of medical records
Family members and next-of-kin of EOL patients in the emergency department
Other: Interviews, questionnaire and focused group discussions
Comprised of doctors in the emergency department, nurses and general practitioners
Other: Interviews, questionnaire and focused group discussions
To determine the effectiveness of the quality of care as perceived by relatives, we will perform a survey during the ED stay, with the next-of-kin to patients who was on the EOL pathway using a questionnaire developed for ED settings. The questionnaire will be administered by the research assistant face-to-face in the emergency department to assess the quality of care and the level of support provided to patients and their families in the last days of life. We will also determine the level of staff's knowledge and perception of the EOL care using a locally-designed self-administered anonymous survey. A focus group discussion (FGD) will be formed in each hospital to identify the gaps to the current EOL care by structured questionnaire. The group will also make recommendations to improve the quality of the EOL care. There will be separate FGD for: (i) healthcare professionals (ii) family members and (iii) general practitioners who will care for the patient if terminally discharged.
Electronic medical records will be reviewed to collect the following data: 1. Proportion of patients who fits criteria of EOL who died within 48 hours; 2. Proportion of patients on EOL pathway who have documentation that patient and/or family are given opportunities to discuss an individualised care plan; 3. Proportion of patients on EOL pathway who have documentation of an individualised care plan that is followed; 4. Proportion of patients on EOL pathway who have symptoms who are prescribed with medicines with individualised indications for use, dosage and route of administration
Mortality rate within 48 hours of hospital admission
Proportion of patients who fits criteria of EOL who died within 48 hours (patient centred)
Time frame: 26 months
Satisfaction assessed by Care of the Dying Evaluation (CODE) questionnaire
Proportion of next-of-kin who perceived that they were adequately supported (family centred)
Time frame: 26 months
Satisfaction of healthcare workers with care rendered assessed by a staff survey
Level of satisfaction of with the overall quality of end of life care provision by doctors at ED
Time frame: 26 months
Proportion of patients in EOL pathway who have documentation of an individualised care plan, and symptoms who are prescribed with appropriate medicine
Proportion of patients in EOL pathway who have documentation of an individualised care plan, and symptoms who are prescribed with appropriate medicine
Time frame: 26 months
Plan to share: No
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National University Hospital, Singapore