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RecruitingNCT03823547FORCE-ACSUpdated Jan 30, 2019

Future Optimal Research and Care Evaluation

An observational study in Acute Coronary Syndrome and Myocardial Infarction, sponsored by J.M. ten Berg. Recruiting at 4 sites in Netherlands. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-01-30.

Sponsored by J.M. ten Berg · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Jan 2015; still recruiting 11 years 9 months later.
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
99,999
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Rationale: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of death worldwide. To improve cardiovascular care, research is needed. Current guidelines are mainly based on well controlled RCT's, though evaluation of the impact of such RCT's in the real world is missing. In order to evaluate the impact and to overcome certain limitations of RCT's, a more practical approach is required. In this sense the use of nonrandomized observational studies is an important tool for determining the effectiveness of a therapy in routine clinical practice. One way to gain insight in characteristics of patients presenting in daily clinical practice, is to simply register these characteristics in a prospective manner with adequate follow up.

Objective: To create an ongoing registry for evaluation of clinical long-term impact of diagnostics, various treatments and devices used for ACS, for research and evaluation of quality of care and to evaluate and improve regional quality of care and cooperation between PCI and non-PCI centers.

Read the detailed description

Rationale:

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of death worldwide. To improve cardiovascular care, research is needed. Current guidelines are mainly based on well controlled RCT's, though evaluation of the impact of such RCT's in the real world is missing. Different clinical settings, non-ideal therapy adherence and broader patient populations in the real world than those studied in traditional RCTs may however provide different results. Furthermore, RCTs are intrinsically limited to answer questions about a specific population of interest, require substantial resource investments and may have limitations in investigating certain issues for ethical reasons.

In order to evaluate the impact and to overcome certain limitations of RCT's, a more practical approach is required. In this sense the use of nonrandomized observational studies is an important tool for determining the effectiveness of a therapy in routine clinical practice. One way to gain insight in characteristics of patients presenting in daily clinical practice, is to simply register these characteristics in a prospective manner with adequate follow up. These characteristics may include clinical parameters but also possibly genetic information. Such a detailed registry is now possible due to improvements in information technology, as electronic patient records permit more (semi-) automatic and uniform capture of clinical parameters and outcomes. While observational studies may often be limited in their ability to account for confounding and bias due to patient selection, recent evidence has shown that by careful use of advanced statistical analytical methods and open reporting paradigms the quality of the level of evidence is excellent.

Objectives:

  1. To create a database for future research, especially in the view of personalized medicine, and quality of care.
  2. To evaluate clinical long-term impact of medication, devices and diagnostic tools used for patients with an ACS.
  3. To test the efficacy and safety of any new drug/device versus the current treatment and the results of any drug/device in daily practice versus in trials
  4. To evaluate routine follow-up and current health-care pathways in patients with acute coronary syndrome in the Dutch healthcare system in terms of mortality, recurrent ischemic events, recurrent hospital admissions and quality of life
  5. To evaluate the use of risk scores (e.g. PRECISE-DAPT score, DAPT-score) to define the optimal duration of antiplatelet drugs
  6. To evaluate follow-up of patients referred to general practitioners as compared to of patients continued to be treated by cardiologists
  7. To increase adherence to current guidelines, taking into account the ongoing improvements of modern patient care and future changes of treatment guidelines in patients with ACS in order to improve secondary prevention in terms of reducing recurrent ischemic events and preventing adverse outcomes, such as bleeding
02

Conditions studied

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome
  • Myocardial Infarction

Keywords

  • DAPT
  • Dual Antiplatelet Therapy
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome
  • Ticagrelor
  • Prasugrel
  • Clopidogrel
  • Thrombosis
  • Myocardial Ischemia
  • Platelet aggregation inhibitors
  • Risk scores
  • Cardiovascular diseases
03

In context

Acute Coronary Syndrome

1,492 studies on the registry are indexed under Acute Coronary Syndrome; 270 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 99,999 is above the median of 500 across 579 observational studies indexed under Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Browse Acute Coronary Syndrome studies →

Lead sponsor

J.M. ten Berg is the lead sponsor of 2 studies on the registry; 1 is open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

All patients admitted to the hospital ward with acute coronary syndrome or symptoms suggestive for acute coronary syndrome are invited to participate in the registry.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • All patients presenting with ACS
  • Age ≥ 18 years

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • No oral or signed informed consent available.
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
99,999 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
3 Years
Patient registry
Yes
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of participants with

    * All-cause mortality * Myocardial infarction * Stent thrombosis * Stroke * Revascularisation * All bleeding requiring medical evaluation

    Time frame: 3 years

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of participants with

    * mortality classification into cause-of-death (i.e cardiovascular, cardiac, vascular, cerebrovascular, death due to bleeding) * bleeding classification according to different bleeding criteria (i.e. TIMI, BARC, GUSTO, PLATO) * cessation (and duration) of antiplatelet therapy after ACS * patient related outcome measures, as reported in quality of life questionnaires (e.g. SF-12, Seattle Angina Questionnaires)

    Time frame: 3 years

07

Study locations

4 of 4 sites recruiting
  • Gelre Ziekenhuizem
    Apeldoorn, Gelderland 7334 DZ, Netherlands
    • D. M. Nicastia, MD · Contact
    Recruiting
  • Rijnstate Arnhem
    Arnhem, Gelderland 6815 AD, Netherlands
    • R. M. Tjon, MD · Contact
    Recruiting
  • Gelderse Vallei
    Ede, Gelderland 6716 RP, Netherlands
    • R. Walhout, MD, PhD · Contact
    Recruiting
  • Ziekenhuis Rivierenland
    Tiel, Gelderland 4002 WP, Netherlands
    • J. Langerveld, MD, PhD · Contact
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • van den Broek WWA, Azzahhafi J, van de Pol QYF, Chan Pin Yin DRPP, van der Sangen NMR, Sivanesan S, Peper J, Harmsze AM, Walhout RJ, Tjon Joe Gin M, Breet NJ, Langerveld J, Appelman Y, van Schaik RHN, Henriques JPS, Kikkert WJ, Ten Berg JM. Genotype-Guided P2Y12-Inhibitor De-Escalation Strategy in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Observational Evidence From the POPular-GUIDE PCI. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2026 May;19(5):e016084. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.125.016084. Epub 2026 Feb 26. PubMed 41744086 ↗
  • van den Broek WWA, Azzahhafi J, Chan Pin Yin DRPP, van der Sangen NMR, Sivanesan S, Dijksman LM, Walhout RJ, Tjon Joe Gin M, Breet NJ, Langerveld J, Vlachojannis GJ, van Bommel RJ, Appelman Y, van Schaik RHN, Henriques JPS, Kikkert WJ, Ten Berg JM. Cost-effectiveness of implementing a genotype-guided de-escalation strategy in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2025 May 2;11(3):230-240. doi: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvae087. PubMed 39537191 ↗
  • van der Sangen NMR, Azzahhafi J, Chan Pin Yin DRPP, Peper J, Rayhi S, Walhout RJ, Tjon Joe Gin M, Nicastia DM, Langerveld J, Vlachojannis GJ, van Bommel RJ, Appelman Y, Henriques JPS, Ten Berg JM, Kikkert WJ. External validation of the GRACE risk score and the risk-treatment paradox in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Open Heart. 2022 Mar;9(1):e001984. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-001984. PubMed 35354660 ↗
  • Chan Pin Yin DRPP, Vos GA, van der Sangen NMR, Walhout R, Tjon Joe Gin RM, Nicastia DM, Langerveld J, Claassens DMF, Gimbel ME, Azzahhafi J, Bor WL, Oirbans T, Dekker J, Vlachojannis GJ, van Bommel RJ, Appelman Y, Henriques JPS, Kikkert WJ, Ten Berg JM. Rationale and Design of the Future Optimal Research and Care Evaluation in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (FORCE-ACS) Registry: Towards "Personalized Medicine" in Daily Clinical Practice. J Clin Med. 2020 Sep 30;9(10):3173. doi: 10.3390/jcm9103173. PubMed 33007932 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Jan 2015 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Jun 2050, 425 months after the start.

Of 237 non-industry observational studies under Acute Coronary Syndrome, half reached primary completion within 37 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 18 and three quarters within 71. This study's planned 425 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 274 studies reached it within 35 months; a quarter within 18 and three quarters within 68.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jan 25, 2019
First posted
Jan 30, 2019
StartActual
Jan 1, 2015
Primary completionEst.
Jun 30, 2050
CompletionEst.
Jun 30, 2050
Last update
Jan 30, 2019
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 30, 2019, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03823547
Lead sponsor
J.M. ten Berg
Collaborators
Vereniging Hart-Beter, St. Antonius Hospital, ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, AstraZeneca
Responsible party
J.M. ten Berg (Principle investigator, St. Antonius Hospital) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Jan 30, 2019
Start date
Jan 1, 2015
Primary completion
Jun 30, 2050 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 30, 2050 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 30, 2019

Study contacts

Dean R.P.P. Chan Pin Yin, MD
Contact
d.chanpinyin@antoniusziekenhuis.nl
088 - 320 12 28
Jur M. Ten Berg, MD, PhD
Contact
j.ten.berg@antoniusziekenhuis.nl
088 - 320 13 82
Johan Dekker, Drs.
study chair · St. Antonius Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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