ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03590769AIIRESUpdated Nov 30, 2020

Arterial Imaging of Inflammation and Resolution After Endovascular Surgery

A Phase 1 interventional study of 18F-FDG in Peripheral Arterial Disease, Claudication, Intermittent and Claudication, sponsored by University of California, San Francisco. Completed at 2 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 40 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-11-30.

Primary conditionIntermittent ClaudicationRegistry: Peripheral Arterial DiseaseReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Peripheral Arterial Disease — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Intermittent Claudication
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Intermittent Claudication, a narrower term within Peripheral Arterial Disease.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by University of California, San Francisco · Phase 1, Interventional, and Health services research

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Sep 2019, 7 years 2 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
  • Registered 11 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Jun 2017, registered May 2018).
Phase
Phase 1
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
9
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
40 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study evaluates the local inflammatory and resolution response of patients undergoing peripheral vascular intervention like an angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) or popliteal artery, or stenting of the iliac artery or SFA, through the use of Positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). PET/MRI will be performed prior to intervention, one day and one week after intervention.

Read the detailed description

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging allows for non-invasive visualization of anatomical structures while Positron emission tomography (PET) scans allow for the observation of molecular and cellular activities. Using a PET/MRI in patients with vascular injury post intervention with help evaluate the vascular inflammatory and resolution response in vivo.

Acute vascular injury through endovascular intervention results in recruitment of inflammatory cells such as macrophages to the vessel wall. Macrophages are very metabolically active and consume glucose at a high rate. In PET/MRI, subjects are injected with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), a radioactively labeled glucose molecule which is consumed by macrophages.

When 18F-FDG is consumed, it is retained within macrophages more avidly than other atherosclerotic lesion elements. Thus, FDG-PET provides a unique and noninvasive approach to quantitatively measure macrophage activity at the intervention site.

This study will provide key pilot data for developing an imaging surrogate endpoint for pro-resolving mediator treatment intervention trials going forward.

02

Conditions studied

  • Peripheral Arterial Disease
  • Claudication, Intermittent
  • Claudication
  • PAD
  • SFA - Superficial Femoral Artery Stenosis
  • Iliac Artery Disease
  • Vascular Calcification

Keywords

  • Peripheral Arterial Disease
  • PAD
  • Claudication, Intermittent
  • Claudication
  • SFA Occlusion
  • Arterial Occlusion
  • Iliac Artery Occlusion
  • Vascular Calcification
03

In context

Intermittent Claudication Reclassified

309 studies on the registry are indexed under Intermittent Claudication; 46 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 9 is below the median of 74 across 242 interventional studies indexed under Intermittent Claudication.

Browse Intermittent Claudication studies →

Lead sponsor

University of California, San Francisco is the lead sponsor of 2,169 studies on the registry; 372 are open to participants now.

Of its 267 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 202 (76%) have results posted.

Compared within Intermittent Claudication, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Peripheral Arterial Disease. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
40 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Over the age of 40,
  • With resting or exercise ABI \<0.9, TBI \<0.6
  • Have claudication or limb threatening ischemia \& planning to undergo a percutaneous angioplasty of SFA or popliteal artery, or stenting of the iliac artery or SFA.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Evidence of active infection
  • or allergy to contrast agents
  • Chronic liver disease, renal disease (\< 30) or chronic inflammatory disorders
  • Insulin dependent diabetes
  • Presence of metal within subject's body, pacemakers, or defibrillators
  • \< 20 or >35
  • Recent other major surgery or illness within 30 days
  • Use of medications or
  • History of organ transplantation
  • Pregnancy, or plans to become pregnant, or lactating
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(5)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

GFR and eGFR (kidney filtering)

GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².

Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
9 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    PET/MR using FDG-18 radiotracer

    Using FDG-18 radiotracer, subject undergoes PET/MR scan which detects the uptake of the tracer.

    Drug: 18F-FDG

Interventions

  • Drug18F-FDG

    All subject will undergo PET/MRI scans pre-operatively, 1 day and 1 week post-operatively using FDG

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Changes found in the quantitative measure of FDG-PET uptake at intervention site prior to and after peripheral vascular injury.

    Patient is given 18F-FDG radio tracer. The tracer is quantitatively measured through FDG-PET imaging modality for uptake at the intervention site.

    Time frame: 1 time each week for 3 weeks

Secondary outcomes

  1. Changes in the correlating the inflammatory and resolution response prior to and after peripheral vascular injury.

    Venipuncture of subject and collection of blood allows measures pro-inflammatory markers and targeted metabolipodimics.

    Time frame: 1 time each week for 3 weeks

07

Study locations

2 sites
  • San Francisco General Hospital
    San Francisco, California 94110, United States
  • UCSF
    San Francisco, California 94143, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Armstrong EJ, Chen DC, Westin GG, Singh S, McCoach CE, Bang H, Yeo KK, Anderson D, Amsterdam EA, Laird JR. Adherence to guideline-recommended therapy is associated with decreased major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events among patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014 Apr 10;3(2):e000697. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.113.000697. PubMed 24721799 ↗
  • Fowkes FG, Rudan D, Rudan I, Aboyans V, Denenberg JO, McDermott MM, Norman PE, Sampson UK, Williams LJ, Mensah GA, Criqui MH. Comparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis. Lancet. 2013 Oct 19;382(9901):1329-40. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61249-0. Epub 2013 Aug 1. PubMed 23915883 ↗
  • Conen D, Rexrode KM, Creager MA, Ridker PM, Pradhan AD. Metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of symptomatic peripheral artery disease in women: a prospective study. Circulation. 2009 Sep 22;120(12):1041-7. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.863092. Epub 2009 Sep 8. PubMed 19738135 ↗
  • Owens CD, Ridker PM, Belkin M, Hamdan AD, Pomposelli F, Logerfo F, Creager MA, Conte MS. Elevated C-reactive protein levels are associated with postoperative events in patients undergoing lower extremity vein bypass surgery. J Vasc Surg. 2007 Jan;45(1):2-9; discussion 9. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2006.08.048. Epub 2006 Nov 21. PubMed 17123769 ↗
  • Vidula H, Tian L, Liu K, Criqui MH, Ferrucci L, Pearce WH, Greenland P, Green D, Tan J, Garside DB, Guralnik J, Ridker PM, Rifai N, McDermott MM. Biomarkers of inflammation and thrombosis as predictors of near-term mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2008 Jan 15;148(2):85-93. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-148-2-200801150-00003. PubMed 18195333 ↗
  • Carriere I, Dupuy AM, Lacroux A, Cristol JP, Delcourt C; Pathologies Oculaires Liees a l'Age Study Group. Biomarkers of inflammation and malnutrition associated with early death in healthy elderly people. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008 May;56(5):840-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01677.x. Epub 2008 Apr 9. PubMed 18410327 ↗
  • Criqui MH, Ho LA, Denenberg JO, Ridker PM, Wassel CL, McDermott MM. Biomarkers in peripheral arterial disease patients and near- and longer-term mortality. J Vasc Surg. 2010 Jul;52(1):85-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2010.02.004. Epub 2010 May 14. PubMed 20471776 ↗
  • Ridker PM, Cushman M, Stampfer MJ, Tracy RP, Hennekens CH. Plasma concentration of C-reactive protein and risk of developing peripheral vascular disease. Circulation. 1998 Feb 10;97(5):425-8. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.97.5.425. PubMed 9490235 ↗
  • Ridker PM, Stampfer MJ, Rifai N. Novel risk factors for systemic atherosclerosis: a comparison of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and standard cholesterol screening as predictors of peripheral arterial disease. JAMA. 2001 May 16;285(19):2481-5. doi: 10.1001/jama.285.19.2481. PubMed 11368701 ↗
  • Beckman JA, Preis O, Ridker PM, Gerhard-Herman M. Comparison of usefulness of inflammatory markers in patients with versus without peripheral arterial disease in predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes (myocardial infarction, stroke, and death). Am J Cardiol. 2005 Nov 15;96(10):1374-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.07.041. Epub 2005 Sep 27. PubMed 16275181 ↗
  • Tzoulaki I, Murray GD, Lee AJ, Rumley A, Lowe GD, Fowkes FG. C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and soluble adhesion molecules as predictors of progressive peripheral atherosclerosis in the general population: Edinburgh Artery Study. Circulation. 2005 Aug 16;112(7):976-83. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.513085. Epub 2005 Aug 8. PubMed 16087797 ↗
  • Ross R. Atherosclerosis--an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med. 1999 Jan 14;340(2):115-26. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199901143400207. No abstract available. PubMed 9887164 ↗
  • Ho KJ, Spite M, Owens CD, Lancero H, Kroemer AH, Pande R, Creager MA, Serhan CN, Conte MS. Aspirin-triggered lipoxin and resolvin E1 modulate vascular smooth muscle phenotype and correlate with peripheral atherosclerosis. Am J Pathol. 2010 Oct;177(4):2116-23. doi: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.091082. Epub 2010 Aug 13. PubMed 20709806 ↗
  • Grenon SM, Conte MS, Nosova E, Alley H, Chong K, Harris WS, Vittinghoff E, Owens CD. Association between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content of red blood cells and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg. 2013 Nov;58(5):1283-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.05.024. Epub 2013 Jul 2. PubMed 23830313 ↗
  • Owens CD, Wake N, Conte MS, Gerhard-Herman M, Beckman JA. In vivo human lower extremity saphenous vein bypass grafts manifest flow mediated vasodilation. J Vasc Surg. 2009 Nov;50(5):1063-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.06.022. Epub 2009 Aug 12. PubMed 19679424 ↗
  • Busti C, Falcinelli E, Momi S, Gresele P. Matrix metalloproteinases and peripheral arterial disease. Intern Emerg Med. 2010 Feb;5(1):13-25. doi: 10.1007/s11739-009-0283-y. Epub 2009 Jul 21. Erratum In: Intern Emerg Med. 2010 Feb;5(1):89. PubMed 19626421 ↗
  • Brevetti G, Silvestro A, Di Giacomo S, Bucur R, Di Donato A, Schiano V, Scopacasa F. Endothelial dysfunction in peripheral arterial disease is related to increase in plasma markers of inflammation and severity of peripheral circulatory impairment but not to classic risk factors and atherosclerotic burden. J Vasc Surg. 2003 Aug;38(2):374-9. doi: 10.1016/s0741-5214(03)00124-1. PubMed 12891123 ↗
  • Schillinger M, Exner M, Mlekusch W, Rumpold H, Ahmadi R, Sabeti S, Haumer M, Wagner O, Minar E. Vascular inflammation and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the femoropopliteal artery: association with restenosis. Radiology. 2002 Oct;225(1):21-6. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2251011809. PubMed 12354979 ↗
  • Inoue T, Croce K, Morooka T, Sakuma M, Node K, Simon DI. Vascular inflammation and repair: implications for re-endothelialization, restenosis, and stent thrombosis. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 Oct;4(10):1057-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2011.05.025. PubMed 22017929 ↗
  • Sachs T, Pomposelli F, Hamdan A, Wyers M, Schermerhorn M. Trends in the national outcomes and costs for claudication and limb threatening ischemia: angioplasty vs bypass graft. J Vasc Surg. 2011 Oct;54(4):1021-1031.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.03.281. Epub 2011 Aug 31. PubMed 21880457 ↗
  • Mahoney EM, Wang K, Keo HH, Duval S, Smolderen KG, Cohen DJ, Steg G, Bhatt DL, Hirsch AT; Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry Investigators. Vascular hospitalization rates and costs in patients with peripheral artery disease in the United States. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2010 Nov;3(6):642-51. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.930735. Epub 2010 Oct 12. PubMed 20940249 ↗
  • Goodney PP, Beck AW, Nagle J, Welch HG, Zwolak RM. National trends in lower extremity bypass surgery, endovascular interventions, and major amputations. J Vasc Surg. 2009 Jul;50(1):54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2009.01.035. Epub 2009 May 28. PubMed 19481407 ↗
  • Havelka GE, Kibbe MR. The vascular adventitia: its role in the arterial injury response. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2011 Jul;45(5):381-90. doi: 10.1177/1538574411407698. Epub 2011 May 13. PubMed 21571779 ↗
  • Serhan CN. Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology. Nature. 2014 Jun 5;510(7503):92-101. doi: 10.1038/nature13479. PubMed 24899309 ↗
  • Serhan CN. Resolution phase of inflammation: novel endogenous anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediators and pathways. Annu Rev Immunol. 2007;25:101-37. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141647. PubMed 17090225 ↗
  • Serhan CN, Yang R, Martinod K, Kasuga K, Pillai PS, Porter TF, Oh SF, Spite M. Maresins: novel macrophage mediators with potent antiinflammatory and proresolving actions. J Exp Med. 2009 Jan 16;206(1):15-23. doi: 10.1084/jem.20081880. Epub 2008 Dec 22. PubMed 19103881 ↗
  • Oh SF, Pillai PS, Recchiuti A, Yang R, Serhan CN. Pro-resolving actions and stereoselective biosynthesis of 18S E-series resolvins in human leukocytes and murine inflammation. J Clin Invest. 2011 Feb;121(2):569-81. doi: 10.1172/JCI42545. Epub 2011 Jan 4. PubMed 21206090 ↗
  • Mizwicki MT, Liu G, Fiala M, Magpantay L, Sayre J, Siani A, Mahanian M, Weitzman R, Hayden EY, Rosenthal MJ, Nemere I, Ringman J, Teplow DB. 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and resolvin D1 retune the balance between amyloid-beta phagocytosis and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease patients. J Alzheimers Dis. 2013;34(1):155-70. doi: 10.3233/JAD-121735. PubMed 23186989 ↗
  • Chiang N, Fredman G, Backhed F, Oh SF, Vickery T, Schmidt BA, Serhan CN. Infection regulates pro-resolving mediators that lower antibiotic requirements. Nature. 2012 Apr 25;484(7395):524-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11042. PubMed 22538616 ↗
  • Wang X, Hjorth E, Vedin I, Eriksdotter M, Freund-Levi Y, Wahlund LO, Cederholm T, Palmblad J, Schultzberg M. Effects of n-3 FA supplementation on the release of proresolving lipid mediators by blood mononuclear cells: the OmegAD study. J Lipid Res. 2015 Mar;56(3):674-681. doi: 10.1194/jlr.P055418. Epub 2015 Jan 23. PubMed 25616438 ↗
  • Recchiuti A, Codagnone M, Pierdomenico AM, Rossi C, Mari VC, Cianci E, Simiele F, Gatta V, Romano M. Immunoresolving actions of oral resolvin D1 include selective regulation of the transcription machinery in resolution-phase mouse macrophages. FASEB J. 2014 Jul;28(7):3090-102. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-248393. Epub 2014 Apr 1. PubMed 24692596 ↗
  • Hudert CA, Weylandt KH, Lu Y, Wang J, Hong S, Dignass A, Serhan CN, Kang JX. Transgenic mice rich in endogenous omega-3 fatty acids are protected from colitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 25;103(30):11276-81. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0601280103. Epub 2006 Jul 17. PubMed 16847262 ↗
  • Alie N, Eldib M, Fayad ZA, Mani V. Inflammation, Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Artery Disease: PET/CT for the Evaluation of Atherosclerosis and Inflammation. Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2015 Jan 7;8(Suppl 3):13-21. doi: 10.4137/CMC.S17063. eCollection 2014. PubMed 25674025 ↗
  • Rudd JH, Myers KS, Bansilal S, Machac J, Pinto CA, Tong C, Rafique A, Hargeaves R, Farkouh M, Fuster V, Fayad ZA. Atherosclerosis inflammation imaging with 18F-FDG PET: carotid, iliac, and femoral uptake reproducibility, quantification methods, and recommendations. J Nucl Med. 2008 Jun;49(6):871-8. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.107.050294. Epub 2008 May 15. PubMed 18483100 ↗
  • van der Valk FM, Verweij SL, Zwinderman KA, Strang AC, Kaiser Y, Marquering HA, Nederveen AJ, Stroes ES, Verberne HJ, Rudd JH. Thresholds for Arterial Wall Inflammation Quantified by 18F-FDG PET Imaging: Implications for Vascular Interventional Studies. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Oct;9(10):1198-1207. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2016.04.007. Epub 2016 Sep 14. PubMed 27639759 ↗
  • Almagor M, Keren A, Banai S. Increased C-reactive protein level after coronary stent implantation in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Am Heart J. 2003 Feb;145(2):248-53. doi: 10.1067/mhj.2003.16. PubMed 12595841 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 30, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03590769
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jul 18, 2018
Start date
Jun 1, 2017
Primary completion
Sep 3, 2019
Completion
Sep 3, 2019
Last update
Nov 30, 2020

Study contacts

Michael S Conte, M.D.
principal investigator · University of California, San Francisco
Miguel H Pampaloni, M.D., PhD.
principal investigator · University of California, San Francisco

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion