ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03476837FRESHUpdated Sep 8, 2026

Reducing Tobacco Exposures Among African American Women and Children

An interventional study of Treatment and Control in Tobacco Use and Second Hand Tobacco Smoke, sponsored by University of Arkansas. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 50 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-08.

Sponsored by University of Arkansas · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
200
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 50 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 311 studies in Tobacco Use with a site in United States — 52 open to participants now, 63 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Tobacco Use · United States.

Enrollment
108th of 286
200 · median 120
Started
2020
with 18 others
No phase
231 of 311
38 open now
Registered
107th of 311
by date

Among the 311 studies in Tobacco Use with a site in United States, this one is the 108th largest by enrollment of the 286 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 19 that started in 2020, is one of 231 with no phase, and was the 107th registered.

Tobacco Use

421 studies on the registry are indexed under Tobacco Use; 83 are open to participants now.

Browse Tobacco Use studies →

Open to participants now

52 of the 311 studies in Tobacco Use with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

47 more — sign in →

All 52 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 50 Tobacco Use studies recruiting now, 28 (56%) set no upper age limit and 18 (36%) stop at 75 or younger; 2 take children under 18; 27 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 50 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 311 studies in Tobacco Use with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Secondhand smoke exposure in the home can causes sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), asthma, respiratory illnesses, and ear infections in children. In addition to cigarette smoke, exposure to other tobacco products can further compromise the safety of children in the home. This study aims to reduce the burden of multiple tobacco exposures, improve access to preventive care, and reduce the disproportionate risk for chronic diseases, including cancer, among African American women and children living in the Arkansas Delta region. Our central hypothesis is that messages delivered by a community health worker that aim to modify knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and subjective norms may influence the perceived threat of tobacco exposures and provide cues for African American women caregivers to implement comprehensive smokefree policies to protect their children from the harms of tobacco and in-turn, influence their quitting.

Read the detailed description

Cigarette smoking among African American women in Arkansas is nearly double the prevalence for African American women in the United States. Historical trends show increasing lung cancer mortality among African American Arkansan women. Further, secondhand (SHS) exposure is highest among African Americans and persons living in poverty. Declines in SHS exposure are much slower among these groups than their comparative groups. Smokefree policies in the home can reduce SHS exposure and increase quit attempts. To date, few trials have investigated how to increase the adoption and implementation of evidence-based strategies to reduce SHS exposure in the homes of women caregivers in rural disadvantaged communities. Our study will develop and test the feasibility and efficacy of brief motivational counseling and risk-communication messages delivered by community health workers (CHWs) on the implementation of comprehensive smokefree policies (e.g. ban on cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, and safekeeping of tobacco products from children) in the home. The specific aims are to 1) conduct semi-structured interviews among African American women caregivers (WCGs) and CHWs to understand risk perceptions, knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and safety practices related to tobacco products and sociocultural and environmental influences on tobacco use and policy practices; 2) use the interview data to develop, adapt, and pilot test educational materials, motivational counseling, and tobacco exposure feedback using an iterative process of six focus groups of WCGs; and 3) assess the influence of the intervention on the primary outcome, implementation of comprehensive smokefree policies, and secondary outcomes, 7-day point prevalence abstinence and smoking reduction. H3:1 Compared to WCGs in the control group (n = 103), WCGs in the intervention group will be more likely to implement CS policies (n = 103); H3:2. will have higher 7-day point prevalence abstinence and smoke fewer cigarettes per day at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months; and H3:3. their attitudes will mediate the effects of tobacco exposure biofeedback on the outcomes. The data from this study could 1) greatly enhance the adoption of voluntary comprehensive smokefree policies in a state where the strength of state-level tobacco control policies is low and 2) reduce the risk for smoking-attributable mortality, including cancer, among socially disadvantaged women and children.

03

Conditions studied

  • Tobacco Use
  • Second Hand Tobacco Smoke

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Keywords

  • secondhand smoke, African Americans, policies, tobacco use
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 50 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Eligibility criteria

Woman Caregiver Inclusion Criteria:

  • African American women caregivers
  • Aged 18-50
  • Primary caregivers of at least one child in the home aged 6 months-14 (birth parent, guardian)
  • Primary decision-maker in the AR home
  • English speaking
  • Can provide written
  • Working phone and home address
  • Smoked cigarettes and/or cigars for at least 1 year
  • Low income as defined by any indicator (e.g., Medicaid; Earned Income Tax Credit; Children's Health Insurance Plan [ARKids]; subsidized housing; child care subsidies; food stamps; low-income energy assistance; free/reduced lunch program; supplemental nutrition program; Head Start program)

Woman Caregiver Exclusion Criteria:

  • Women outside of intervention counties

Child Inclusion Criteria: (No longer enrolling the child bc of COVID19 and inability to collect saliva)

  • Live in the home with African American WCG who is the legal parent or guardian enrolled in study
  • Aged 6 months to 14 years
  • Non-tobacco user

Child Exclusion Criteria:

  • Child who uses any form of tobacco
  • Does not live in the home of the WCG
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Care provider)
Enrollment
200 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Behavioral Treatment

    Following baseline, the CHWs will deliver three doses of the intervention to the treatment (intervention) group over a 6-month period with follow-up at 12 months for all WCGs. At 1, 3, and 6 months, WCGs will receive motivational interviewing, educational materials and biofeedback based on the child's saliva sample and WCG's carbon monoxide.

    Behavioral: Treatment

  • Active comparator
    Control

    WCGs will receive educational materials in the mail at 1, 3, and 6 months.

    Behavioral: Control

Interventions

  • BehavioralTreatment

    The CHWs will go to the homes of the WCGs who enroll in the study and will use a culturally-adapted motivational interviewing protocol, educational messages pilot tested during the formative research phase, and biofeedback based on the child's saliva sample and WCG's carbon monoxide. Saliva samples will be collect from one child in the home at baseline and final. Baseline saliva data and carbon monoxide monitoring will be used to develop feedback that aims to motivate WCGs to implement and sustain comprehensive smoke free policies. The intervention will last 6 months. We will measure changes in primary and secondary outcomes at multiple assessment points.

  • BehavioralControl

    Following baseline assessment, at 1, 3, and 6 months, WCGs in the control group will educational materials in the mail. Final follow-up assessments will occur at 12 months.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Comprehensive smokefree policy implementation

    We will measure and compare comprehensive smoke free policy implementation in the intervention and control groups, adapting standard measures from the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (i.e. "Which statement best describes rules about smoking in your home? (1) no one is allowed to smoke anywhere inside your home; (2) smoking is allowed in some places or at some time inside your home; (3) smoking is permitted anywhere inside your home")

    Time frame: 12 months, rolling admissions

Secondary outcomes

  1. Smoking abstinence

    We will measure 7-day point prevalence abstinence

    Time frame: 1, 3, 6,12 months

  2. Smoking reduction

    We will measures number of cigarettes smoked per day

    Time frame: 1, 3, 6,12 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
    Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Jones DM, Bullock S, Donald K, Cooper S, Miller W, Davis AH, Cottoms N, Orloff M, Bryant-Moore K, Guy MC, Fagan P. Factors associated with smokefree rules in the homes of Black/African American women smokers residing in low-resource rural communities. Prev Med. 2022 Dec;165(Pt B):107340. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107340. Epub 2022 Nov 10. PubMed 36370892 ↗
  • Jones DM, Clawson AH, Jin J, Bullock S, Donald K, Cooper S, Miller W, Huff Davis A, Orloff M, Bryant-Moore K, Hasan A, Guy MC, Fagan P. Evidence-based practices are effective in increasing smoke-free home rules among Black women who smoke. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2025 Aug 1;2025(70):224-234. doi: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgaf026. PubMed 40795917 ↗
  • Clawson AH, Jones DM, Jin J, Du R, Bullock S, Donald K, Orloff M, Miller W, Cooper S, Fagan P. Caregiver restrictions on child access to tobacco in the home and home Smoking/Vaping bans among Black/African American women caregivers who smoke and live in Resource-limited, rural areas. Prev Med Rep. 2024 Oct 28;48:102918. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102918. eCollection 2024 Dec. PubMed 39534461 ↗
  • Clawson AH, Jones DM, Bullock S, Donald K, Cottoms N, Orloff M, Fagan P. Home environment and cigarette quitting behaviors among rural Black/African American women caregivers. Health Psychol. 2025 Jan;44(1):66-79. doi: 10.1037/hea0001418. Epub 2024 Sep 30. PubMed 39347763 ↗
  • Jones DM, Kulik MC, Baezconde-Garbanati L, Bullock S, Guy MC, Fagan P. Menthol Smoking and Nicotine Dependence among Black/African American Women Smokers Living in Low-Resource, Rural Communities. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 16;18(20):10877. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182010877. PubMed 34682623 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jan 2020 to primary completion in Jun 2023, 41 months.

Of 167 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Tobacco Use, half reached primary completion within 24 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 41. This study's 41 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 223 studies reached it within 16 months; a quarter within 5 and three quarters within 33.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Feb 28, 2018
First posted
Mar 26, 2018
StartActual
Jan 15, 2020
Primary completionActual
Jun 30, 2023
CompletionActual
Jun 30, 2023
Last update
Sep 8, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 8, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03476837
Collaborators
Coalition for a Tobacco Free Arkansas, Tri-County Rural Health Network
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 26, 2018
Start date
Jan 15, 2020
Primary completion
Jun 30, 2023
Completion
Jun 30, 2023
Last update
Sep 8, 2026

Study contacts

Pebbles Fagan, PhD, MPH
principal investigator · University of Arkansas

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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