ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03438890CLEARUpdated Aug 28, 2019

Laparoscopic Lens Defogging Using Anti-fog Solution, waRm Saline, and Chlorhexidine Solution

An interventional study of Warm saline and anti-fog agent in Gynecologic Disease, sponsored by Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. Completed at 1 site in Korea, Republic of. Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-08-28.

Sponsored by Kangbuk Samsung Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
96
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
Female
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-14

Among 20 studies in Genital Diseases, Female with a site in Korea, Republic of — none open to participants now, none under way, none of them phase 3. Genital Diseases, Female · Korea, Republic of.

Enrollment
6th of 20
96 · median 79
Started
2018
with 1 other
No phase
14 of 20
none open now
Registered
13th of 20
by date
Lead sponsor
5 of 20
Kangbuk Samsung Hospital

Among the 20 studies in Genital Diseases, Female with a site in Korea, Republic of, this one is the 6th largest by enrollment, is one of 2 that started in 2018, is one of 14 with no phase, and was the 13th registered.

Genital Diseases, Female

161 studies on the registry are indexed under Genital Diseases, Female; 31 are open to participants now.

Browse Genital Diseases, Female studies →

Open to participants now

None of the 20 studies in Genital Diseases, Female with a site in Korea, Republic of is open now. The open studies under Genital Diseases, Female, anywhere →

Who these studies take

Of the 21 Genital Diseases, Female studies recruiting now, 10 (48%) set no upper age limit and 11 (52%) stop at 75 or younger; 3 take children under 18; 4 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 65 Years · female · no healthy volunteers.

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Download CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: the 20 studies in Genital Diseases, Female with a site in Korea, Republic of as a file.
02

Study summary

The aim of this study is to compare three popular methods of minimizing or reducing laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF) by heating lens using warm saline, applying anti-fog agent to lens, and rubbing lens with chlorhexidine in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery.

Read the detailed description

The physiology behind laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF) is well understood based on meticulous experiments outlining the role of temperature and humidity. Despite many efforts, including uses of warm saline, various anti-fog agents, chlorhexidine, betadine, and rubbing the lens on serosal surfaces, to reduce LLF, there remains no consensus as to which method is superior to prevent LLF. Furthermore, most previous studies were experimental trials conducted in a simulation model or a non-human in vivo model or an expert's commentary based on their clinical experiences , and there was no randomized controlled trial focusing LLF in human model. Therefore, this randomized trial aimed to compare three popular methods of minimizing or reducing LLF by heating lens using warm saline, applying anti-fog agent to lens, and rubbing lens with chlorhexidine in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery.

03

Conditions studied

  • Gynecologic Disease
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • age between 18 and 65 years
  • physical status (ASAPS) classification I-II
  • the absence of pregnancy at the time of surgery

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • allergy to chlorhexidine or anti-fog solution
  • anticipating cases of abrupt change in intra-abdominal humidity such as hemoperitoneum and profuse ascites
  • extremely short or long operative time (\<20 min or > 180 min) affecting the frequency of LLF
  • unavailability of the surgical recording equipment for laparoscopic procedure.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

ASA physical status

The anaesthetists’ scale of health before surgery: I is healthy, II has a mild illness that is under control, III a severe one, IV a severe illness that is a constant threat to life. V and VI are used for the critically ill and for organ donors.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
96 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Warm saline group

    In subjects allocated to the warm saline group, a thermos flask, which was filled with heated sterile water, was used. A 1000 ml bottle of sterile water was heated to 60 ˚C in a stove for an hour at minimum. Just before introducing into the abdominal cavity, the laparoscope was placed into the thermos flask for 30 seconds at minimum . After each incidence of laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF), the scope was briefly inserted into the thermos flask about 10 seconds, and was then wrapped gauze around the lens before abdominal reinsertion.

    Device: Warm saline

  • Experimental
    anti-fog agent group

    In the anti-fog agent group, Ultra-Stop TM (Sigmaphrarm, Vienna, Austria), which is a commercial anti-fogging solution containing alcohol, surfactant, and water for medical optical devices, was used. Wiping the lens with gauze soaked in Ultra-Stop TM and allowing the surfactant to act for 5 seconds, the laparoscope was introduced into the abdominal cavity. After each laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF), the scope was removed from the abdomen and cleaned using the same corresponding method.

    Device: anti-fog agent

  • Experimental
    chlorhexidine group

    In the chlorhexidine group, the lens was wiped with gauze soaked in 4% chlorhexidine detergent solution (Firson, Cheonan, Korea) for 5 seconds before introducing into the abdominal cavity, and chlorhexidine was reapplied on the lens at the occurrence of laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF).

    Device: chlorhexidine

  • No intervention
    control group

    In the control group, the lens was not wiped gauze or applied any solution before use of the laparoscope. When occurred the event of each laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF) that splatter of irrigation fluid, blood, and body fluids affected visual clearance, the laparoscopic lens was manually rubbed with clean gauze by a scrub nurse.

Interventions

  • DeviceWarm saline

    In subjects allocated to the warm saline group, a thermos flask, which was filled with heated sterile water, was used. A 1000 ml bottle of sterile water was heated to 60 ˚C in a stove for an hour at minimum. Just before introducing into the abdominal cavity, the laparoscope was placed into the thermos flask for 30 seconds at minimum . After each incidence of laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF), the scope was briefly inserted into the thermos flask about 10 seconds, and was then wrapped gauze around the lens before abdominal reinsertion.

  • Deviceanti-fog agent

    In the anti-fog agent group, Ultra-Stop TM (Sigmaphrarm, Vienna, Austria), which is a commercial anti-fogging solution containing alcohol, surfactant, and water for medical optical devices, was used. Wiping the lens with gauze soaked in Ultra-Stop TM and allowing the surfactant to act for 5 seconds, the laparoscope was introduced into the abdominal cavity. After each laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF), the scope was removed from the abdomen and cleaned using the same corresponding method.

  • Devicechlorhexidine

    In the chlorhexidine group, the lens was wiped with gauze soaked in 4% chlorhexidine detergent solution (Firson, Cheonan, Korea) for 5 seconds before introducing into the abdominal cavity, and chlorhexidine was reapplied on the lens at the occurrence of laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF).

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. the severity of LLF during the first 3-min operation

    The severity of LLF was rated on a scale of 0 (the clearest) to 10 (the foggiest).

    Time frame: At the time of surgery

Secondary outcomes

  1. the severity of LLF occurred during the remaining operative time except the first 3-min

    The severity of LLF was rated on a scale of 0 (the clearest) to 10 (the foggiest).

    Time frame: At the time of surgery

  2. the number of lens cleansing

    We will assess the number of lens cleansing at the time of surgery.

    Time frame: At the time of surgery

  3. total time to spend for lens cleaning

    We will assess the total time to spend for lens cleansing at the time of surgery.

    Time frame: At the time of surgery

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Kangbuk Samsung Hospital
    Seoul, 110-746, Korea, Republic of
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Apr 2018 to primary completion in Oct 2018, 5 months.

Of 55 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Genital Diseases, Female, half reached primary completion within 18 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 9 and three quarters within 30. This study's 5 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 65 studies reached it within 14 months; a quarter within 8 and three quarters within 28.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Feb 13, 2018
First posted
Feb 20, 2018
StartActual
Apr 23, 2018
Primary completionActual
Oct 11, 2018
CompletionActual
Nov 1, 2018
Last update
Aug 28, 2019
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 28, 2019, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03438890
Lead sponsor
Kangbuk Samsung Hospital
Responsible party
Taejong Song (Professor, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Feb 20, 2018
Start date
Apr 23, 2018
Primary completion
Oct 11, 2018
Completion
Nov 1, 2018
Last update
Aug 28, 2019

Study contacts

Taejong Song, MD PhD
principal investigator · Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2019. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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