ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03381573Updated Sep 26, 2023

Long-term Observational Study of the Safety of Roflumilast

An observational study in COPD, sponsored by AstraZeneca. Completed at 4 sites in 4 countries. Open to participants aged 40 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-09-26.

Sponsored by AstraZeneca · Observational

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Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
135,856
Ages
40 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-14

Among 284 studies in Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive by AstraZeneca — 14 open to participants now, 15 under way, 4 of them phase 3. Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive · AstraZeneca.

Enrollment
2nd of 89
135,856 · median 976
Started
2013
with 13 others
Observational
90 of 284
7 open now
Registered
213th of 284
by date

Among the 284 studies in Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive by AstraZeneca, this one is the 2nd largest by enrollment of the 89 observational ones that give a count, is one of 14 that started in 2013, is one of 90 observational ones, and was the 213th registered.

Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

5,522 studies on the registry are indexed under Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; 857 are open to participants now.

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Open to participants now

14 of the 284 studies in Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive by AstraZeneca are open now, in 12 countries. Recruiting first, the newest first:

9 more — sign in →

By country, each count listing its studies:

All 14 open studies →

Who these studies take

Of the 557 Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive studies recruiting now, 306 (55%) set no upper age limit and 82 (15%) stop at 75 or younger; 29 take children under 18; 89 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 40 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

This is a retrospective cohort study comparing COPD patients aged 40 years and older with new exposure to roflumilast with up to 5 unexposed (ie, not roflumilast-exposed) COPD controls matched by propensity score (PS), age, sex, and year of cohort entry. The study is using electronic healthcare databases in the US (Military Health System database), Germany (GER) (German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database), and Sweden (SWE) (national databases including healthcare, death, and demographics data). The main objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety of roflumilast in the treatment of COPD with main focus on the primary outcome of all-cause mortality and evaluation of potential safety issues identified during the clinical trials of roflumilast. Crude mortality and incidence rates will be compared between roflumilast exposed and unexposed COPD patients and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of the primary and secondary outcomes will be calculated.

Read the detailed description

Rationale and background Roflumilast is licensed (i) for maintenance treatment of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (FEV1 post-bronchodilator less than 50% predicted) associated with chronic bronchitis (CB) in adult patients with a history of frequent exacerbations as add on to bronchodilator treatment (EU) and (ii) as a treatment to reduce the risk of COPD exacerbations in patients with severe COPD associated with chronic bronchitis and a history of exacerbations (US). As a condition of approval for marketing in the EU, the European Medicines Agency requested the Marketing Authorisation Holder to conduct a long-term comparative observational safety study. Research question and objectives The main objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety of roflumilast in the treatment of COPD with main focus on 5-year all-cause mortality and evaluation of potential safety issues identified during the development programme of roflumilast. Study design Retrospective cohort study comparing COPD patients aged 40 years and older with new exposure to roflumilast with up to 5 unexposed (i.e. not roflumilast exposed) COPD controls matched by propensity score (PS), age, sex, and year of cohort entry. PS matching was used as an established method to control for confounding. Crude mortality and incidence rates were compared between roflumilast exposed and unexposed COPD patients and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of the primary and secondary outcomes were calculated in GER and SWE, while in the US adjusted HRs were only calculated for the primary outcome and are not yet available for secondary outcomes. Reported adjusted HRs for secondary outcomes therefore only refer to GER and SWE. Setting Electronic healthcare databases in the United States (US), Germany (GER), and Sweden (SWE) holding demographic data, data on health, and dispensing of medication. The initial assessment of the number of cohorts in each database including the years 2011, 2012, and 2013 resulted in a total of 54985 (9573 exposed), 50493 (8775 exposed), and 18602 (3207 exposed) COPD patients in the US, GER, and SWE, respectively. Variables and data sources Exposure variable: Use of roflumilast (ATC code R03DX07) Outcomes: The primary outcome in the study is 5-year all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes are death by suicide or hospitalisation for suicide attempt, hospitalisation for any cause, major cardiovascular events, respiratory disease related hospitalisation, new diagnosis of depression, new diagnosis of malignant neoplasm, hospitalisation due to serious diarrhoea of non-infectious origin, abnormal and unexplained weight loss, and new diagnosis of tuberculosis or hepatitis B or C or other severe viral hepatitis infection (except hepatitis A). Other covariates: Characterisation of baseline therapy, baseline medical history and other socio-demographic covariates. Data sources: Military Health System database (US), German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database (GER), national databases including healthcare, death, and demographics data (SWE).

03

Conditions studied

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
40 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

unselected COPD patients aged 40 years and older, reflecting the use of roflumilast in a real-life setting.

Eligibility criteria

Exposed Cohort selection

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Have one or more prescription(s) of roflumilast with the date of first prescription/dispensation defined as the Cohort Entry Date
  • Have active data in the respective database(s) for at least 1 year prior to the Cohort Entry Date
  • Be at least 40 years old at Cohort Entry Date
  • Have a diagnosis of or chronic bronchitis prior to the Cohort Entry Date (databases with outpatient diagnoses) or (databases without outpatient diagnoses) either a hospital diagnosis of COPD or chronic bronchitis prior to the Cohort Entry Date or a proxy for such indication based on prescription data.

Non-Exposed Cohort selection Patients meeting the following inclusion criteria belong in the Non-Exposed Cohort and are eligible as Matched Non-Exposed controls. Each patient in the Non-exposed Cohort selected as matched exposed patient is assigned as a Cohort Entry Date the date of the first roflumilast prescription of the matched exposed patient.

Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: long-term lung disease that makes it hard to breathe out, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
135,856 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Roflumilast exposed

    Patients with COPD ever exposed to Roflumilast

    Drug: Roflumilast

  • Roflumilast unexposed

    Patients with COPD never exposed to Roflumilast

Interventions

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. All-cause mortality

    Safety objective to estimate 5-year all-cause mortality

    Time frame: up to 5 years

Secondary outcomes

  1. death by suicide or hospitalization for suicide attempt

    Secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  2. hospitalization for any cause

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  3. Major cardiovascular events

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  4. Respiratory disease related hospitalization

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  5. New diagnoses of depression

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  6. New diagnoses of malignant neoplasm

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  7. Hospitalization due to serious diarrhea of non-infectious origin

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  8. Abnormal and unexplained weight loss

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  9. New diagnosis of tuberculosis or hepatitis B or C

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

  10. Other severe viral hepatitis infection (except hepatitis A)

    secondary safety issue (occurring up to 5 years)

    Time frame: up to 5 years

07

Study locations

4 sites
  • Research Site
    Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
  • Research Site
    Bremen, Germany
  • Research Site
    Oslo, 0483, Norway
  • Research Site
    Solna, Sweden
08

References and documents

Related links

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Dec 2013 to primary completion in Sep 2022, 105 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 18, 2017
First posted
Dec 22, 2017
StartActual
Dec 15, 2013
Primary completionActual
Sep 16, 2022
CompletionActual
Sep 16, 2022
Last update
Sep 26, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 26, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03381573
Lead sponsor
AstraZeneca
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Dec 22, 2017
Start date
Dec 15, 2013
Primary completion
Sep 16, 2022
Completion
Sep 16, 2022
Last update
Sep 26, 2023

Study contacts

Edeltraut Garbe, Dr. med.
principal investigator · Leibniz Inst for Prevention & Epidemiology - BIPS GmbH
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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