ClinicalTrials.gg
Not yet recruitingNCT07933913INHAVERDUpdated Nov 12, 2026

Sustainable Inhaler Prescribing in Intermediate Care Units

An interventional study of Multidisciplinary inhaler optimization intervention in Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive (COPD) and Asthma (Diagnosis), sponsored by Consorci Sanitari de l'Alt Penedès i Garraf. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in Spain. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-12.

Sponsored by Consorci Sanitari de l'Alt Penedès i Garraf · Not applicable, Interventional, and Health services research

Updated Nov 12, 2026Newly registeredGo to Updates ↓
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
110
Allocation
Non-randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 87 studies in Lung Diseases with a site in Spain — 25 open to participants now, 35 under way, 14 of them phase 3. Lung Diseases · Spain.

Planned enrollment
58th of 76
110 · median 238
Started
2027
the only one that year
No phase
13 of 87
2 open now
Primary completion
2028-12
later than 27 of 34 live
Registered
87th of 87
by date

Among the 87 studies in Lung Diseases with a site in Spain, this one is the 58th largest by planned enrollment of the 76 interventional ones that give a count, is the only one that started in 2027, is one of 13 with no phase, reaches primary completion later than 27 of the 34 other live ones, and was the 87th registered.

Lung Diseases

1,158 studies on the registry are indexed under Lung Diseases; 182 are open to participants now.

Browse Lung Diseases studies →

Open to participants now

25 of the 87 studies in Lung Diseases with a site in Spain are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

20 more — sign in →

All 25 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Spain have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Spain →

Who these studies take

Of the 140 Lung Diseases studies recruiting now, 76 (54%) set no upper age limit and 28 (20%) stop at 75 or younger; 16 take children under 18; 27 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if a multidisciplinary review of inhaler treatment can increase the use of inhalers with a lower environmental impact in adults admitted to intermediate care units who use inhalers. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Does the intervention change the percentage of each type of inhaler prescribed (pressurized metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, and soft mist inhalers) between admission and discharge?
  • Does the intervention improve treatment adherence and inhaler technique, reduce the use of rescue inhalers, and reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions? Researchers will compare patients cared for by physicians who apply the intervention with patients cared for by physicians who do not yet apply it, to see if more patients switch to inhalers with a lower environmental impact.

Participants will:

  • Have their inhaler prescription reviewed by a physician, who may change it when clinically appropriate, taking environmental impact into account
  • Have their adherence and inhaler technique assessed by a healthcare professional
  • Receive individual education on how to use their inhalers, if needed
Read the detailed description

The health sector generates about 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions, and pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), which contain propellants with a high global warming potential, are a relevant part of this footprint. Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) and soft mist inhalers (SMIs) are more sustainable alternatives. In 2025, the Spanish Ministry of Health issued recommendations on sustainable inhaler prescribing that include reviewing the indication, optimizing inhaler technique and adherence, and switching to lower-impact devices when appropriate.

This quasi-experimental study with two arms and stepped implementation over three periods will be conducted in the intermediate care units of Hospital Sant Antoni Abat. Allocation is determined by the treating geriatrician: patients of two of the four geriatricians form group 1 and those of the other two form group 2. In period 1 (3 months, retrospective data), neither group receives the intervention; in period 2 (about 6 months), only group 2 receives it; in period 3 (about 3 months), both groups receive it.

The intervention, delivered within one week of inclusion, consists of: (1) a physician review of the inhaled therapy prescription in the electronic prescription system, with changes if needed, also considering environmental criteria; (2) assessment of adherence with the Test of Adherence to Inhalers (TAI), classifying adherence (good, intermediate, poor) and type of non-adherence (erratic, deliberate, unwitting); (3) assessment of inhaler technique with device-specific checklists (GINA, UK Inhaler Group); and (4) individualized education and, if the device is not suitable or rescue inhaler use is excessive, a switch to a lower-impact inhaler.

The primary analysis will compare, in period 2, the percentage of prescriptions of each inhaler type at admission and at discharge. Assuming a switch from pMDI to DPI in 5% of the control group and 20% of the intervention group, 50 patients per group are needed for period 2 (two-sided alpha 0.05, power above 80%), with an expected 10% loss to follow-up. CO2 emissions will be estimated from the Spanish database on the environmental impact of inhalers. Analysts will be blinded to the study period.

03

Conditions studied

  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive (COPD)
  • Asthma (Diagnosis)

Keywords

  • inhalers
  • sustainable prescribing
  • carbon footprint
  • environmental impact
  • environmental impact; metered dose inhaler
  • dry powder inhaler
  • inhaler technique
  • medication adherence
  • intermediate care
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Aged 18 years or older
  • Admitted to an intermediate care unit with a minimum stay of one week
  • Active prescription of a pressurized metered-dose inhaler in the electronic prescription system

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • End-of-life situation (last days or hours of life)
  • Admission to the psychogeriatric unit
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Non-randomized
Intervention model
Sequential assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
110 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Other
    delayed intervention

    Patients of two geriatricians; usual care in periods 1 and 2, multidisciplinary inhaler intervention in period 3

    Other: Multidisciplinary inhaler optimization intervention

  • Other
    early intervention

    Patients of the other two geriatricians; usual care in period 1, multidisciplinary inhaler intervention in periods 2 and 3

    Other: Multidisciplinary inhaler optimization intervention

Interventions

  • OtherMultidisciplinary inhaler optimization intervention

    Within one week of admision, a physician reviews the inhaled therapy prescription (indication, duration) and changes it if needed, also considering environmental impact. A healthcare professional assesses adherence with the Test of Adherence to Inhalers (TAI) and inhaler technique with device-specific checklists (GINA, UK Inhaler Group), and provides individualized education. If the device is not suitable or rescue inhaler use is excessive, the physician considers switching to a lower-impact inhaler (dry powder or soft mist inhaler).

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Percentage of prescriptions of each inhaler type

    Percentage of prescriptions of pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDI), dry powder inhalers (DPI), and soft mist inhalers (SMI) in the electronic prescription system, compared between admission and discharge in the intervention and control groups during period 2.

    Time frame: At admission and at discharge from the intermediate care unit, maximal up to 1 year from admission

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Hospital Sant Antoni Abat-Consorci Sanitari Alt Penedès Garraf (CSAPG)
    Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, Spain
    • Noemí Casaponsa · Contactrecerca@csapg.cat · 0034938960025
    • Anna Soler · Principal investigator
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — IPD (without personal identification data) could be shared by requirement from other researchers after the end of the study, and only for research purposes and previous approval of promotor center of the study (CSAPG). Anyway, Spanish and European Union legal policy about data protection will strictly be followed (IPD will not be transferred outside European Union).

Supporting information: Study protocol

Time frame: After publication of main results of the study.

Access criteria: IPD will be shared only for scientific research purposes and following the Spanish and European Union normative law about data protection. The requirements will be directed to the IP of the study. The IP will evaluate the request to verify and evaluate the data that is requested and the purposes for which it is requested. Next, the IP will transfer the request to the promotor center the study for the final decision.

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

1 registry update since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Jan 2027; primary completion for Dec 2028, 23 months later.

Of 184 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Lung Diseases, half reached primary completion within 22 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 47. This study's planned 23 months is close to that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 207 studies reached it within 22 months; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 47.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Nov 6, 2026
First posted
Nov 12, 2026
StartEst.
Jan 2027
Primary completionEst.
Dec 2028
CompletionEst.
Dec 2028
Last update
Nov 12, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
Registered
First appeared on the registry. No changes since
Nov 12, 2026
Show all 1 update
  1. Nov 12, 2026
    First appeared on the registry

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07933913
Lead sponsor
Consorci Sanitari de l'Alt Penedès i Garraf
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 12, 2026
Start date
Jan 2027 (estimated)
Primary completion
Dec 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Nov 12, 2026

Study contacts

Noemí Casaponsa
Contact
recerca@csapg.cat
0034938960025 ext. 43197

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Nov 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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