A Phase 2 interventional study of Melphalan and Thiotepa in Leukemia, sponsored by Case Comprehensive Cancer Center. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 1 Year to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-12-03.
Sponsored by Case Comprehensive Cancer Center · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment
In the United States, thiotepa has been utilized in reduced intensity conditioning regimens for alternative donor courses (double umbilical cord blood transplant (dUCBT) and haplo-identical transplants).
The hypothesis is that thiotepa at a dose of 10mg/kg, in combination with melphalan (100mg/m2) and fludarabine (160mg/m2) as a reduced intensity conditioning regimen for alternative donor transplant is safe and effective in patients with hematologic malignancies.
Given that this regimen has been investigated extensively, and the current study proposes to confirm those previous observations with a small modification (melphalan dose reduction due to previous mucositis rates with higher doses), this will be a phase II study designed to measure disease-free-survival.
Primary Objective:
To assess the effectiveness of Thiotepa, Fludarabine, and Melphalan in alternative donor transplants as measured by leukemia free survival.
Secondary Objective:
To assess the 1- year OS, Relapse, TRM, aGVHD and cGVHD rates and the rates of neutrophil and platelet engraftment.
Study Design This is a Phase II study of Thiotepa, Fludarabine, and Melphalan in alternative donor transplants.
Subjects will be assessed for safety and tolerability (including adverse events, serious adverse events, and clinical/laboratory assessments) using a continuous monitoring approach. Subjects will be followed for up to 1 year or until progression of disease, relapse, or death.
Patients with the following hematologic malignancies:
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML): High-risk AML including:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
High-risk CR1 including:
Myelofibrosis (MF):
Relapsed or Refractory Lymphoid Malignancies (including non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Hodgkin Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) meeting the following criteria:
Patient with either one or both:
Exclusion Criteria:
Patients with inadequate Organ Function as defined by:
Melphalan 100 mg/m2 on day -8 Thiotepa 10 mg/kg on day -7 Fludarabine 160 mg/m2 in divided doses given on days -6, -5, -4 and -3.
Drug: Melphalan · Drug: Thiotepa · Drug: Fludarabine
Alkylating agent which is a derivative of mechlorethamine that inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis via formation of carbonium ions; cross-links strands of DNA; acts on both resting and rapidly dividing tumor cells. Melphalan may cause a lowering of the white blood cell or platelet counts, leading to an increased risk of infection and frequent bruising or bleeding. It may cause damage to the GI tract causing mouth sores, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other side effects may include loss of appetite, liver abnormalities, hair loss, swelling, fatigue, sleepiness, skin rash.
Also known as: Alkeran, Evomela
Thiotepa is an alkylating agent which produces cross-linking of DNA strands leading to inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis; thiotepa is cell-cycle independent. Thiotepa may cause a lowering of the white blood cell or platelet counts, leading to an increased risk of infection and frequent bruising or bleeding. It may cause damage to the GI tract causing mouth sores, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Other side effects may include loss of appetite, liver abnormalities, hair loss, swelling, fatigue, sleepiness, skin rash.
Also known as: Tepadina
Fludarabine is an antineoplastic fluorinated nucleoside analog and inhibits DNA synthesis through inhibition of polymoerase alpha after incorporation into DNA. Fludarabine may cause a lowering of the white blood cell or platelet counts, leading to an increased risk of infection and frequent bruising or bleeding. Other side effects may include loss of appetite, liver abnormalities, hair loss, swelling, fatigue, sleepiness, skin rash, and lower limb weakness.
Also known as: Fludara
Percentage of Patients With Disease Free Survival
Leukemia Free Survival (LFS) at 1 year is the percentage of patients alive and without evidence of hematologic malignancy at 1 year after transplant.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Percentage of Patients With Leukemia Free Survival
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Average Overall Survival
Overall Survival (OS) at 1 year is the percentage of patients alive at 1 year after transplant.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Relapse Incidence
Relapse incidence at 1 year is the percentage of patients who experience relapse of their hematologic malignancy up to 1 year after transplant.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Treatment Related Mortality
Treatment Related Mortality (TRM) at 1 year is the percentage of patients who expire from treatment related toxicity attributed to transplant up to 1 year after transplant.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Incidence of Acute GVHD
Acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) 1 year cumulative incidence is the percentage of patients who experience any aGVHD up to 1 year after transplant.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Incidence of Chronic GVHD
Chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) 1-year cumulative incidence is the percentage of patients who experience any cGVHD up to 1 year after transplant.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Rate of Neutrophil Engraftment
Neutrophil engraftment will be calculated as the days from transplant where the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) reaches \>500cells/ul x 3 days.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
Rate of Platelet Engraftment
Platelet engraftment will be calculated as the days from transplant where the platelet count reaches 20,000 platelets /ul without the need of transfusion of platelets for 7 days.
Time frame: Up to 1 year after transplant
| Milestone | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Started | 40 |
| Completed | 39 |
| Not completed | 1 |
| Withdrew: Physician decision | 1 |
Leukemia Free Survival (LFS) at 1 year is the percentage of patients alive and without evidence of hematologic malignancy at 1 year after transplant.
| percentage of paticipants | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Percentage of Patients With Disease Free Survival | 65.8 |
| percentage of paticipants | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Percentage of Patients With Leukemia Free Survival | 65.5 |
Overall Survival (OS) at 1 year is the percentage of patients alive at 1 year after transplant.
| percentage of participants | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Average Overall Survival | 73.7 |
Relapse incidence at 1 year is the percentage of patients who experience relapse of their hematologic malignancy up to 1 year after transplant.
| percentage of participants | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Relapse Incidence | 13.16 |
Treatment Related Mortality (TRM) at 1 year is the percentage of patients who expire from treatment related toxicity attributed to transplant up to 1 year after transplant.
| percentage of paticipants | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Treatment Related Mortality | 21.05 |
Acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) 1 year cumulative incidence is the percentage of patients who experience any aGVHD up to 1 year after transplant.
| percentage of participants | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Incidence of Acute GVHD | 76.31 |
Chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) 1-year cumulative incidence is the percentage of patients who experience any cGVHD up to 1 year after transplant.
| percentage of participants | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Incidence of Chronic GVHD | 21.05 |
Neutrophil engraftment will be calculated as the days from transplant where the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) reaches \>500cells/ul x 3 days.
| Days | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Rate of Neutrophil Engraftment | 20.6 ± 5.69 |
Platelet engraftment will be calculated as the days from transplant where the platelet count reaches 20,000 platelets /ul without the need of transfusion of platelets for 7 days.
| Days | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Rate of Platelet Engraftment | 42.32 ± 31.4 |
Collected over Participants were followed for this study for 1 year following the allogeneic transplant, relapse, or death, whichever occured first.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan | 14/40 (35%) | 18/40 (45%) | 35/40 (87.5%) |
| Event | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Mucositis oralGastrointestinal disorders | 4/40 |
| NauseaGastrointestinal disorders | 3/40 |
| AnorexiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 2/40 |
| Febrile neutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 2/40 |
| SyncopeNervous system disorders | 2/40 |
| Acute kidney injuryRenal and urinary disorders | 1/40 |
| Adult respiratory distress syndromeRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 1/40 |
| Blood bilirubin increasedInvestigations | 1/40 |
| ConfusionPsychiatric disorders | 1/40 |
| DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders | 1/40 |
| Event | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| NauseaGastrointestinal disorders | 11/40 |
| DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders | 10/40 |
| FeverGeneral disorders | 10/40 |
| HypertensionVascular disorders | 10/40 |
| AnorexiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 8/40 |
| Abdominal painGastrointestinal disorders | 6/40 |
| Acute kidney injuryRenal and urinary disorders | 6/40 |
| FatigueGeneral disorders | 6/40 |
| VomitingGastrointestinal disorders | 6/40 |
| Mucositis oralGastrointestinal disorders | 5/40 |
| Age, Customized(Participants) | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| 10-19 | 1 |
| 20-29 | 4 |
| 30-39 | 7 |
| 40-49 | 3 |
| 50-59 | 12 |
| 60-69 | 12 |
| 70-79 | 1 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Female | 11 |
| Male | 29 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 0 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 40 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Thiotepa + Fludarabine + Melphalan |
|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 |
| Asian | 0 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 |
| Black or African American | 8 |
| White | 32 |
| More than one race | 0 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 |
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