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CompletedNCT03326180SPAARKUpdated Nov 4, 2022

Study of Peri-Articular Anaesthetic for Replacement of the Knee

A Phase 3 interventional study of Liposomal bupivacaine and Bupivacaine hydrochloride in Knee Osteoarthritis, sponsored by University of Leeds. Completed at 11 sites in United Kingdom. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-11-04.

Sponsored by University of Leeds · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Feb 2021, 5 years 8 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
533
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The clinical and cost effectiveness of peri-articular liposomal bupivacaine plus bupivacaine hydrochloride compared with bupivacaine hydrochloride alone for post-operative recovery after knee replacement surgery: A multi-centre, patient-blinded, randomised controlled trial.

Read the detailed description

The trial design is a patient-blinded multi-centre, active comparator, randomised controlled two-arm parallel group superiority trial of liposomal bupivacaine plus bupivacaine hydrochloride versus bupivacaine alone for post-operative pain in patients undergoing knee replacement surgery.

Patients will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio. The randomised controlled trial (RCT) design is robust and reduces any potential bias. Patients will be blinded as to which treatment they receive. Blinding of patients is possible as they will be under general anaesthetic for their knee replacement surgery at the time of the drug administration. Blinding of surgeons, who administer the medication and outcome assessors was not necessary as the primary outcome is a patient reported outcome measure.

02

Conditions studied

  • Knee Osteoarthritis
03

In context

Osteoarthritis, Knee

3,292 studies on the registry are indexed under Osteoarthritis, Knee; 623 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 533 is above the median of 68 across 2,714 interventional studies indexed under Osteoarthritis, Knee.

Browse Osteoarthritis, Knee studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Leeds is the lead sponsor of 206 studies on the registry; 25 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Unilateral primary knee replacement, including both total knee replacement (TKR) or unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR), for end stage osteoarthritis
  • American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) Grade I to III
  • Participant is willing and able consent for themselves
  • Male or Female, aged 18 years or above
  • In the Investigator's opinion, is able and willing to comply with all trial requirements

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Allergy or intolerance to amide type local anaesthetics
  • Objective evidence of nerve damage in the affected lower limb.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Any other significant disease, disorder or condition which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may either put the participants at risk because of participation in the trial, or may influence the results of the trial, or the participant's ability to participate in the trial.
  • Participants who have participated in another research trial involving an product in the past 6 months.
  • Participants who have significant cognitive impairment or language issues
  • Contra-lateral knee replacement within the trial or within 12 months prior to randomisation
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Participant)
Enrollment
533 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Liposomal bupivacaine (EXPAREL)

    266mg/20ml EXPAREL mixed with 80ml 0.9% normal saline and 100mg/20ml 0.5% plain bupivacaine hydrochloride. Administered as a single dose intra-operatively by periarticular infiltration.

    Drug: Liposomal bupivacaine · Drug: Bupivacaine hydrochloride

  • Active comparator
    Bupivacaine hydrochloride alone

    100ml 0.9% normal saline mixed with 100mg/20ml 0.5% plain bupivacaine hydrochloride. Administered as a single dose intra-operatively by periarticular infiltration.

    Drug: Bupivacaine hydrochloride

Interventions

  • 266mg/20ml vial of EXPAREL

    Also known as: EXPAREL

  • 100mg/20ml 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride. Branded or generic, must be plain (cannot contain adrenaline/epinephrine)

    Also known as: Marcain

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Quality of Recovery 40 (QoR-40)

    A 40-item instrument which encompass most aspects of a good quality of recovery after surgery. Consists of five clinically relevant dimensions: 1. Physical comfort (12 items) 2. Emotional state (9 items) 3. Physical independence (5 items) 4. Psychological support (7 items) 5. Pain (7 items). The QoR-40 has a possible score of 40 (extremely poor quality of recovery) to 200 (excellent quality of recovery).

    Time frame: Change in score between 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours post-operatively

  2. Cumulative 0-10 pain Visual Analogue Score (VAS)

    Cumulative daily pain score at rest. A 10 point scale where 0 = no pain, 5 = moderate pain and 10 = worst possible pain.

    Time frame: Cumulative score at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours post-operatively

Secondary outcomes

  1. Mean 0-10 pain Visual Analogue Score (VAS)

    Mean daily pain score at rest. A 10 point scale where 0 = no pain, 5 = moderate pain and 10 = worst possible pain.

    Time frame: 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours post-operatively

  2. Opioid consumption

    Cumulative consumption

    Time frame: Change in consumption between 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours post-operatively

  3. Fitness for discharge (as per routine clinical care)

    Against pre-defined criteria. Patients would be considered fit for discharge when they meet the following criteria: Ability to mobilize independently; pain score less than or equal to 3mm on a 10 VAS; ability to straight leg raise and ability to bend knee to 90 degrees

    Time frame: Assessed at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours post-operatively

  4. Oxford Knee Score (OKS)

    Functional outcome using validated, patient reported questionnaire

    Time frame: Change in score between baseline, 72 hours, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year post-operatively

  5. American Knee Society Score (AKSS)

    Functional outcome using validated, patient reported questionnaire

    Time frame: Change in score between baseline, 72 hours, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year post-operatively

  6. EuroQol 5 Dimension scale

    Validated patient reported quality of life questionnaire

    Time frame: Change in score between baseline, 72 hours, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year post-operatively

  7. Health economics

    Cost utility analysis

    Time frame: Change in cost utility between baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year post-operatively

  8. Serious Adverse Events (SAE)

    Specifically cardiovascular or wound complications

    Time frame: Within 30 days of surgery

07

Study locations

11 sites
  • The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
    Birmingham, United Kingdom
  • Chapel Allerton Hospital
    Leeds, United Kingdom
  • Pilgrim Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust
    Lincoln, United Kingdom
  • The Whittington Hospital
    London, United Kingdom
  • Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital
    Oswestry, United Kingdom
  • Rotherham Hospital
    Rotherham, United Kingdom
  • King's Mill Hospital, Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
    Sutton In Ashfield, United Kingdom
  • Torbay Hospital
    Torquay, United Kingdom
  • Pinderfields Hospital - Mid Yorkshire
    Wakefield, United Kingdom
  • Yeovil District Hospital
    Yeovil, United Kingdom
  • York Teaching Hospital
    York, United Kingdom
08

References and documents

Related links

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 4, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03326180
Responsible party
Hemant Pandit (Professor, University of Leeds) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 31, 2017
Start date
Mar 29, 2018
Primary completion
Feb 28, 2021
Completion
Apr 21, 2021
Last update
Nov 4, 2022

Study contacts

Hemant Pandit
principal investigator · University of Leeds

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Studies of the drug tested here: Liposomal Bupivacaine

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