A Phase 1/2 interventional study of AUTO3 (CD19/22 CAR T cells in B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Recurrent Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Refractory Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, sponsored by Autolus Limited. Completed at 3 sites in United Kingdom. Open to participants aged 1 Year to 24 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-02-01.
Sponsored by Autolus Limited · Phase 1/2, Interventional, and Treatment
The purpose of this study is to test the safety and efficacy of AUTO3, a CAR T cell treatment targeting CD19 and CD22 in paediatric or young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
The study will consist of 2 phases, a Phase I or dose escalation phase and a Phase II or expansion phase. Paediatric or young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B cell ALL will be enrolled in both phases of the study. Eligible patients will undergo leukapheresis in order to harvest T cells, which is the starting material for the manufacture of the autologous CAR T product AUTO3 which is a CD19 and CD22 dual targeting CAR T cell product. Following pre-conditioning by a chemotherapeutic regimen, the patient will receive AUTO3 intravenously as a single or split dose and will then enter a 24-month follow-up period.
Key Inclusion Criteria:
Male or female patients aged 1-24 years with high risk (HR) relapsed/refractory B-lineage ALL, AND:
Any on-treatment relapse in patients aged 16-24 years.
(Phase II Only - Criteria in addition to those described above:)
Exclusion Criteria:
The following medications are excluded:
For AUTO3 Infusion: Patients meeting any of the following exclusion criteria will not be treated with AUTO3 or treatment will be delayed until they no longer meet these criteria:
Paediatric patients with relapse or refractory B-cell ALL
Biological: AUTO3 (CD19/22 CAR T cells
Following preconditioning with chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide and fludarabine) patients will be treated with 1 to 5.0 x 10⁶/kg CD19/CD22 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) positive T cells as a single or split dose.
Number of Patients With Grade 3-5 Toxicities Occurring Within the Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) Period of AUTO3 Infusion
Time frame: Within 30 days (+/- 3 days) after the last dose of AUTO3.
Number of Patients With Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) of AUTO3
DLT was defined as i) any new non-hematological adverse event (AE) of Grade 3 or higher toxicity using the NCI CTCAE (version 5.0), which was probably or definitely related to AUTO3 therapy, which occurred within the DLT evaluation period, and which failed to resolve to Grade 2 or better within 14 days, despite appropriate supportive measures; ii) Grade 4 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or neurotoxicity, cerebral edema, or Grade 3 neurotoxicity (including cerebral edema) that lasted \>72 hours; iii) Grade \>3 disseminated intravascular coagulation; iv) Grade \>2 infusion reaction; v) Any other fatal event (Grade 5) or life-threatening event (Grade 4) that could not be managed with conventional supportive measures or which in the opinion of the Safety Evaluation Committee (SEC) necessitated dose reduction or other modification to trial treatment to avoid a similar hazard in future patients.
Time frame: Within 30 days (+/- 3 days) after the last dose of AUTO3.
Number of Patients Achieving Morphological Remission (Complete Response(CR) or Complete Response With Incomplete Count Recovery (CRi) and Minimal Residual Disease (MRD)-Negative Response in the Bone Marrow (PCR)).
Morphological response evaluations were based on the response criteria for ALL according to the NCCN guidelines version 2.2014. Minimal residual disease-negative status was achieved if MRD was \<10\^-4 (0.01%) by PCR amplification of individual rearrangements of Ig genes and/or flow cytometry MRD testing.
Time frame: Within 30 days (+/- 3 days) post AUTO3 infusion
Feasibility of Generating AUTO3: Number of Patients' Cells Successfully Manufactured as a Proportion of the Number of Patients Undergoing Leukapheresis
Feasibility of product generation was examined by assessing the number of AUTO3 successfully manufactured as a fraction of the number of patients undergoing leukapheresis (all patients screened).
Time frame: Up to 8 weeks post leukapheresis
Event-Free Survival (EFS) by Morphological Analysis
Time from date of first AUTO3 infusion until the earliest of treatment failure (defined as not achieving CR/CRi post AUTO3 infusion / no response), morphological relapse, or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Number of Patients With CD19- and/or CD22-negative Relapse
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Relapse-Free Survival (RFS) by Morphological Analysis
Time from first achievement of morphological CR/CRi post AUTO3 treatment until the earliest of morphological relapse, or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Overall Survival (OS)
Calculated from the date of AUTO3 treatment to the date of death anytime post AUTO3 infusion. Patients who had not died were censored at the date of last contact.
Time frame: Up to 2 years after the last patient was infused
Expansion of AUTO3 Following Adoptive Transfer
Expansion of AUTO3 was measured as the median peak (Cmax) of transgene levels in the peripheral blood after AUTO3 infusion
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Persistence of AUTO3 Following Adoptive Transfer
Persistence of AUTO3 was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and/or flow cytometry at a range of time points in the peripheral blood and the bone marrow. Persistence was defined as the timepoint in days of last detectable CAR T cell by qPCR or last assessment if zero copies per μg DNA (whichever occurred later) before morphological relapse (Tlast).
Time frame: Up to 2 years
Duration of B Cell Aplasia
Depletion of circulating B cells assessed by flow cytometry at a range of time points in the peripheral blood
Time frame: Up to 2 years
| Milestone | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Started | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Completed | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Not completed | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Withdrew: Death | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Withdrew: Sponsor decision due to covid19 restrictions | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Withdrew: No cart persistence in mrd negativity. patient proceeded with hsct | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Withdrew: Progressive disease | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Participants | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Patients With Grade 3-5 Toxicities Occurring Within the Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) Period of AUTO3 Infusion | 4 | 4 | 6 |
DLT was defined as i) any new non-hematological adverse event (AE) of Grade 3 or higher toxicity using the NCI CTCAE (version 5.0), which was probably or definitely related to AUTO3 therapy, which occurred within the DLT evaluation period, and which failed to resolve to Grade 2 or better within 14 days, despite appropriate supportive measures; ii) Grade 4 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or neurotoxicity, cerebral edema, or Grade 3 neurotoxicity (including cerebral edema) that lasted \>72 hours; iii) Grade \>3 disseminated intravascular coagulation; iv) Grade \>2 infusion reaction; v) Any other fatal event (Grade 5) or life-threatening event (Grade 4) that could not be managed with conventional supportive measures or which in the opinion of the Safety Evaluation Committee (SEC) necessitated dose reduction or other modification to trial treatment to avoid a similar hazard in future patients.
| Participants | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Patients With Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) of AUTO3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Morphological response evaluations were based on the response criteria for ALL according to the NCCN guidelines version 2.2014. Minimal residual disease-negative status was achieved if MRD was \<10\^-4 (0.01%) by PCR amplification of individual rearrangements of Ig genes and/or flow cytometry MRD testing.
| Participants | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Patients Achieving Morphological Remission (Complete Response(CR) or Complete Response With Incomplete Count Recovery (CRi) and Minimal Residual Disease (MRD)-Negative Response in the Bone Marrow (PCR)). | 3 | 5 | 5 |
Feasibility of product generation was examined by assessing the number of AUTO3 successfully manufactured as a fraction of the number of patients undergoing leukapheresis (all patients screened).
| Participants | AUTO3 |
|---|---|
| Feasibility of Generating AUTO3: Number of Patients' Cells Successfully Manufactured as a Proportion of the Number of Patients Undergoing Leukapheresis | 19 |
Time from date of first AUTO3 infusion until the earliest of treatment failure (defined as not achieving CR/CRi post AUTO3 infusion / no response), morphological relapse, or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
| months | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Event-Free Survival (EFS) by Morphological Analysis | 3.48 (0.03 to NA) | 12.42 (3.94 to NA) | 2.79 (0.03 to NA) |
| Participants | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Patients With CD19- and/or CD22-negative Relapse | 0 | 2 | 1 |
Time from first achievement of morphological CR/CRi post AUTO3 treatment until the earliest of morphological relapse, or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
| months | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Relapse-Free Survival (RFS) by Morphological Analysis | 6.09 (2.56 to NA) | 11.50 (3.02 to NA) | 3.98 (1.87 to NA) |
Calculated from the date of AUTO3 treatment to the date of death anytime post AUTO3 infusion. Patients who had not died were censored at the date of last contact.
| months | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) | 10.17 (2.30 to NA) | 25.20 (4.34 to NA) | NA (4.07 to NA) |
Expansion of AUTO3 was measured as the median peak (Cmax) of transgene levels in the peripheral blood after AUTO3 infusion
| vector copies/ug DNA | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Expansion of AUTO3 Following Adoptive Transfer | 10240 (5690 to 37000) | 102000 (34800 to 127000) | 79800 (13200 to 104000) |
Persistence of AUTO3 was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and/or flow cytometry at a range of time points in the peripheral blood and the bone marrow. Persistence was defined as the timepoint in days of last detectable CAR T cell by qPCR or last assessment if zero copies per μg DNA (whichever occurred later) before morphological relapse (Tlast).
| days | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Persistence of AUTO3 Following Adoptive Transfer | 41.7 (19.8 to 256.8) | 343.7 (62.7 to 538.9) | 24.3 (18.8 to 570.8) |
Depletion of circulating B cells assessed by flow cytometry at a range of time points in the peripheral blood
| months | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of B Cell Aplasia | NA (NA to NA) | NA (NA to NA) | NA (NA to NA) |
Collected over From AUTO3 infusion (Day 0) until the end of study (2 years after last patient dosed) or withdrawal, whichever occurred first. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3/4 (75%) | 1/4 (25%) | 4/4 (100%) |
| 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3/5 (60%) | 2/5 (40%) | 5/5 (100%) |
| 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3/6 (50%) | 3/6 (50%) | 6/6 (100%) |
| Event | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| AnaemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 0/4 | 1/5 | 2/6 |
| NeutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 0/4 | 1/5 | 2/6 |
| ThrombocytopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 0/4 | 1/5 | 2/6 |
| EncephalopathyNervous system disorders | 1/4 | 0/5 | 0/6 |
| Febrile neutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 0/4 | 1/5 | 1/6 |
| PyrexiaGeneral disorders | 0/4 | 0/5 | 1/6 |
| CellulitisInfections and infestations | 0/4 | 0/5 | 1/6 |
| SeizureNervous system disorders | 0/4 | 0/5 | 1/6 |
| Event | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg |
|---|---|---|---|
| PyrexiaGeneral disorders | 1/4 | 3/5 | 5/6 |
| VomitingGastrointestinal disorders | 1/4 | 0/5 | 4/6 |
| AnaemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 0/4 | 3/5 | 1/6 |
| Decreased appetiteMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 0/4 | 3/5 | 2/6 |
| Febrile neutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 2/4 | 2/5 | 2/6 |
| DiarrhoeaGastrointestinal disorders | 2/4 | 1/5 | 1/6 |
| Neutrophil count decreasedInvestigations | 2/4 | 2/5 | 1/6 |
| Pain in extremityMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 0/4 | 2/5 | 3/6 |
| ParaesthesiaNervous system disorders | 2/4 | 1/5 | 0/6 |
| NauseaGastrointestinal disorders | 1/4 | 2/5 | 2/6 |
Patients infused with AUTO3
| Age, Categorical(Participants) | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <=18 years | 4 | 5 | 6 | 15 |
| Between 18 and 65 years | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| >=65 years | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| Male | 4 | 3 | 4 | 11 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Asian | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Black or African American | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| White | 3 | 5 | 6 | 14 |
| More than one race | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Region of Enrollment(participants) | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 4 | 5 | 6 | 15 |
| Karnofsky/Lansky score(percentage) | 1x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 3x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | 5x10^6 CD19/CD22 CAR-positive T Cells/kg | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | 95 (80 to 100) | 90 (80 to 100) | 100 (90 to 100) | 90 (80 to 100) |
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Autolus Limited