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Active, not recruitingNCT03283384NEOLBCUpdated Sep 19, 2025

Tailoring NEOadjuvant Therapy in Hormone Receptor Positive, HER2 Negative, Luminal Breast Cancer.

A Phase 2 interventional study of Letrozole and Chemotherapy in Breast Neoplasms, sponsored by Borstkanker Onderzoek Groep. Active, not recruiting at 29 sites in Netherlands. Open to female participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-09-19.

Sponsored by Borstkanker Onderzoek Groep · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
100
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
Female
01

Study summary

The aim of this prospective, randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase II study is to test if chemotherapy can be replaced by the combination of ribociclib plus letrozole as a neo-adjuvant therapy for patients with non-metastatic primary luminal breast cancer.

Read the detailed description

Based on Ki67 levels after two weeks of initial letrozole treatment in postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative, stage II/III breast cancer, patients are either advised to continue letrozole treatment (if Ki67 \<1%) or will be randomized between standard chemotherapy (AC-T) or ribociclib in combination with letrozole (if Ki67 ≥1%).

02

Conditions studied

  • Breast Neoplasms

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Keywords

  • Breast cancer
  • Ribociclib
  • Letrozole
  • Chemotherapy
  • CDK4
  • CDK6
  • Ki67
  • NEOLBC
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Postmenopausal women presenting with histological proven (core biopsy material) hormone receptor positive (ER≥50%, PR any), HER2 negative, stage II/ III breast cancer.
  • Measurable disease (breast and/or lymph nodes)
  • WHO 0-2
  • Adequate bone marrow function (within 4 weeks prior to registration): WBC≥3.0x109/l, neutrophils ≥1.5 x 109/l, platelets ≥100 x 109/l
  • Adequate liver function (within 4 weeks prior to registration): bilirubin ≤1.5 x upper limit of normal (UNL) range, ALAT and/or ASAT ≤2.5 x UNL, Alkaline Phosphatase ≤5 x UNL
  • Adequate renal function (within 4 weeks prior to registration): the calculated creatinine clearance should be ≥50 ml/min
  • Accessible for treatment and follow-up
  • Written informed consent

Inclusion criteria randomization specific:

In order to be eligible to be randomized in this study, a subject must meet all of the following criteria:

  • Registration in the NEOLBC trial before 2 weeks biopsy
  • Use of letrozole
  • Outcome central Ki67 determination in two weeks biopsy available.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Evidence of distant metastases (M1)
  • Previous invasive breast cancer
  • Prior chemotherapy, radiation therapy or hormonal therapy with the exception of patients who received letrozole ≤ 14 days (+ max. 4 days) prior to registration and who are still on letrozole.
  • Previous malignancy within 5 years, with exception of a history of a previous basal cell carcinoma of the skin or pre-invasive carcinoma of the cervix.
  • Peripheral neuropathy > grade 2, whatever the cause
  • Serious other diseases as infections (hepatitis B, C and HIV), recent myocardial infarction, clinical signs of cardiac failure or clinically significant arrhythmias or on screening, any of the following cardiac parameters: bradycardia (heart rate \<50 at rest) or QTcF ≥450 msec.
  • Known hypersensitivity reaction to any of the components of the treatment (peanuts, soy)
  • Currently receiving warfarin or other coumarin derived anti-coagulant, for treatment, prophylaxis or otherwise. Therapy with heparin, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), or fondaparinux is allowed.
  • Currently receiving any of the following substances and cannot be discontinued 7 days prior to randomisation:

    • Known strong inducers or inhibitors of CYP3A4/5, including grapefruit, grapefruit hybrids, pummelo's, star-fruit, pomegranate and Seville oranges.
    • That have a known risk to prolong the QT interval or induce Torsades de Pointes.
    • That have a narrow therapeutic window and are predominantly metabolized through CYP3A4/5.
    • Herbal preparations/medications, dietary supplements.
  • Medical or psychological condition which in the opinion of the investigator would not permit the patient to complete the study or sign meaningful informed consent.
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
100 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Other
    Advise letrozole, treatment choice free.

    All patients initially start with two weeks of letrozole treatment. Patients with a Ki67 of \<1% in the biopsy taken after those two weeks of treatment are advised to stay on letrozole treatment until surgery. However, treatment choice is free.

    Drug: Letrozole

  • Active comparator
    Chemotherapy

    All patients initially start with two weeks of letrozole treatment. Patients with a Ki67 of ≥1% in the biopsy taken after those two weeks of treatment are randomized between chemotherapy (standard AC-T chemotherapy) or ribociclib plus letrozole (ribociclib 600 mg/day (days 1-21, q4 weeks) plus letrozole 2.5 mg daily (days 1-28, q4 weeks)).

    Drug: Chemotherapy

  • Experimental
    Ribociclib plus letrozole

    All patients initially start with two weeks of letrozole treatment. Patients with a Ki67 of ≥1% in the biopsy taken after those two weeks of treatment are randomized between chemotherapy (standard AC-T chemotherapy) or ribociclib plus letrozole (ribociclib 600 mg/day (days 1-21, q4 weeks) plus letrozole 2.5 mg daily (days 1-28, q4 weeks)).

    Drug: Ribociclib plus letrozole

Interventions

  • DrugLetrozole

    Letrozole 2.5 mg daily.

  • DrugChemotherapy

    Dose dense AC-T chemotherapy: consisting of 4 cycles of AC (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide at a dose of 60 and 600 mg/m² as an i.v. bolus, respectively) 2-weekly, plus G-CSF (6 mg once per cycle) 24-48 hr after chemotherapy, followed by cycles of T (4 cycles docetaxel 100 mg/m² 3-weekly or 12 cycles paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 weekly).

  • DrugRibociclib plus letrozole

    Ribociclib 600 mg/day (days 1-21, q4 weeks) plus letrozole 2.5 mg daily (days 1-28, q4 weeks).

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Difference in complete cell cycle arrest (CCCA; defined as Ki67 IHC <1%) between ribociclib plus letrozole and chemotherapy in the surgical specimen.

    Determine if ribociclib plus letrozole gives a ≥100% improvement in CCCA as compared to chemotherapy in the surgical specimen.

    Time frame: CCCA will be determined in the surgical specimen, which is around 7 months after start of initial letrozole treatment.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Correlation between Ki67 IHC scored manually, IHC scored automatically (Vectra ® 3) and Ki67 mRNA.

    The correlation between the different Ki67 measurements will be determined in the primary core biopsy, two weeks biopsy and surgical specimen.

    Time frame: Ki67 measurements will be done in the primary core biopsy (baseline), two weeks biopsy (done after two weeks of initial letrozole treatment) and the surgical specimen (which is around 7 months after start of initial letrozole treatment).

  2. Correlation between ER pathway activity at baseline, after two weeks letrozole and at surgery and clinical outcome.

    The ER pathway activity will be determined in the primary core biopsy, two weeks biopsy and surgical specimen and then correlated with clinical outcome. Activity will be determined using a Bayesian network model of the ER transcriptional program, which interprets the pathway target genes' mRNA levels (from Affymetrix HG-U133Plus2.0 arrays) and infers a probability that the ER pathway is active in a certain sample.

    Time frame: ER pathway activity will measured in the primary core biopsy (baseline), two weeks biopsy (done after two weeks of initial letrozole treatment) and the surgical specimen (which is around 7 months after start of initial letrozole treatment).

  3. Difference in pathologic response (pCR and response according to Miller and Payne) between the randomized study arms.

    The pathologic response will be determined in the surgical specimen of the patients in the randomized study arms where after the difference between the two groups can be determined.

    Time frame: pCR and response according to Miller and Payne will be determined in the surgical specimen, which is around 7 months after start of initial letrozole treatment.

  4. Change in tumor biology and biomarkers (ER, PR, HER2, Rb, Ki67) at baseline, after 2 weeks letrozole and at surgery.

    Tumor biology and biomarkers will be determined in the primary core biopsy, two weeks biopsy and surgical specimen, where after the change in tumor biology and biomarkers over time can be determined.

    Time frame: Tumor biology and biomarkers will be assessed in the primary core biopsy (baseline), two weeks biopsy (done after two weeks of initial letrozole treatment) and the surgical specimen (which is around 7 months after start of initial letrozole treatment).

  5. Toxicity according to NCI CTCAE v4.03 all grades and grade III/IV.

    Toxicities are graded according to NCI CTCAE v4.03.

    Time frame: Toxicity will be assessed from start treatment up to 30 days following the last dose of treatment.

  6. Correlation of tumor measurements between standard MRI (using RECIST 1.1) and palpation (largest diameter in cm) at baseline, after AC/before T or 8 weeks of definitive neoadjuvant therapy and pre-surgery.

    The correlation of tumor measurements between MRI and palpation will be determined at three different time points.

    Time frame: Tumor measurements (MRI and palpation) will be performed at baseline, after AC/before T or 8 weeks of definitive neoadjuvant therapy and pre-surgery (which is around 7 months after start of initial letrozole treatment).

  7. Descriptive analysis of event free survival (EFS) at 3 and 5 years.

    EFS is defined as the time from randomization to the first date of local, regional, or distant relapse, second primary invasive breast cancer including contralateral breast cancer, progression according to RECIST 1.1 or death due to any cause which ever occurred first.

    Time frame: EFS will be determined after 3 and 5 years.

  8. Descriptive analysis of overall survival (OS) at 3 and 5 years.

    OS is defined as the time from randomization to date of death.

    Time frame: Time Frame: OS will be determined after 3 and 5 years.

Other outcomes

  1. Change in ERα DNA binding signatures (Chip-seq) between baseline and after 2 weeks letrozole.

    ERα DNA binding will be determined in the primary core biopsy and two weeks biopsy, where after the change in these measurements over time can be determined.

    Time frame: ERα DNA binding signatures will be assessed in the primary core biopsy (baseline) and the two weeks biopsy (done after two weeks of initial letrozole treatment).

  2. Change in gene expression profiles (RNA-seq) between baseline and after 2 weeks letrozole.

    Gene expression profiling will be determined in the primary core biopsy and two weeks biopsy, where after the change in these measurements over time can be determined.

    Time frame: Gene expression profiles will be assessed in the primary core biopsy (baseline) and the two weeks biopsy (done after two weeks of initial letrozole treatment).

06

Study locations

29 sites
  • Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis
    's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
  • Ziekenhuisgroep Twente
    Almelo, Netherlands
  • Ziekenhuis Amstelland
    Amstelveen, Netherlands
  • Nederlands Kanker Instituut - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
    Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis
    Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • Gelre Ziekenhuizen
    Apeldoorn, Netherlands
  • Amphia Ziekenhuis
    Breda, Netherlands
  • Stichting Reinier Haga Groep (Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis)
    Delft, Netherlands
  • Stichting Deventer Ziekenhuisgroep
    Deventer, Netherlands
  • Catharina Ziekenhuis
    Eindhoven, Netherlands
  • Maxima Medisch Centrum
    Eindhoven, Netherlands
  • Groene Hart Ziekenhuis
    Gouda, Netherlands
  • Spaarne Gasthuis
    Haarlem, Netherlands
  • Ziekenhuis St. Jansdal
    Harderwijk, Netherlands
  • Tergooi Ziekenhuizen
    Hilversum, Netherlands
  • Westfriesgasthuis
    Hoorn, Netherlands
  • Leiden University Medical Center
    Leiden, Netherlands
  • Academisch Ziekenhuis Maastricht
    Maastricht, Netherlands
  • Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis
    Nijmegen, Netherlands
  • Laurentius Ziekenhuis
    Roermond, Netherlands
  • Bravis Ziekenhuis
    Roosendaal, Netherlands
  • Antonius Ziekenhuis
    Sneek, Netherlands
  • Haaglanden Medisch Centrum
    The Hague, Netherlands
  • HAGA Ziekenhuis
    The Hague, Netherlands
  • Ziekenhuis Rivierenland
    Tiel, Netherlands
  • Elisabeth Tweesteden Ziekenhuis
    Tilburg, Netherlands
  • VieCuri Medisch Centrum
    Venlo, Netherlands
  • Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix
    Winterswijk, Netherlands
  • Isala
    Zwolle, Netherlands
07

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03283384
Lead sponsor
Borstkanker Onderzoek Groep
Collaborators
Novartis, Philips Healthcare
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 14, 2017
Start date
Jun 15, 2019
Primary completion
Dec 6, 2022
Completion
Aug 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 19, 2025

Study contacts

Judith R Kroep, MD PhD
principal investigator · Leiden University Medical Center
Sabine C Linn, Prof. MD
principal investigator · NKI-AvL
Gerrit-Jan Liefers, MD PhD
principal investigator · Leiden University Medical Center
A. E van Leeuwen-Stok, PhD
study director · BOOG Study Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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