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CompletedNCT03250754HDACUUpdated Nov 12, 2024

Treatment of Headache Disorders With Acupuncture: Observational Study: OBSERVATIONAL STUDY (HDACU)

An observational study in Chronic Headache Disorder, sponsored by Hospital Son Llatzer. Completed at 1 site in Spain. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-11-12.

Sponsored by Hospital Son Llatzer · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Case-control
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
482
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Headache disorders (HDs), which are characterized by recurrent headache, constitute a public-health problem of enormous proportions, with an impact on both the individual sufferer and society. The stated goals of long-term headache treatment are to reduce the frequency, severity, and disability associated with acute attacks; decrease the reliance on poorly tolerated, ineffective, or unwanted acute pharmacotherapies; and avoid acute headache medication escalation. There is risk for adverse events, leading some patients to refuse prophylactic therapy. Acupuncture is widely used for the treatment of headaches and it may be applied as a single modality as well as part of a more complex treatment program. The objective of this study will be to investigate whether acupuncture in routine clinical practice ((Real World Data) is more effective than treatment of acute migraine attacks or routine care only in reducing headache frequency.

Read the detailed description

A Cochrane systematic review published in 2016 concluded that acupuncture was at least as effective as, or possibly more effective than, preventive drug treatment for migraine prophylaxis with fewer side effects compared with conventional treatments . Cochrane reviews of tension-type headache conclude that acupuncture could be a valuable non-pharmacological tool in patients with frequent, episodic, and chronic tension-type headache.

An observational, cross-sectional study, according to the STROBE guide, was conducted. The study was carried out in the Pain Service Unit of the Son Llàtzer University Hospital of Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Between January 2010 and December 2015, data from patients with chronic refractory headache, which did not respond to conventional treatment for at least 6 months, referred to the Pain Service Unit were examined to ascertain their eligibility.

02

Conditions studied

  • Chronic Headache Disorder

Keywords

  • Acupuncture
  • Migraine
  • Tension-type headache
03

In context

Migraine Disorders

1,558 studies on the registry are indexed under Migraine Disorders; 301 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 482 is above the median of 130 across 306 observational studies indexed under Migraine Disorders.

Browse Migraine Disorders studies →

Lead sponsor

Hospital Son Llatzer is the lead sponsor of 17 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Patients with headache disorder, which did not respond to conventional treatment for at least 6 months, referred to the Pain Service Unit were examined to ascertain their eligibility.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Clinical diagnosis of headache (> 12 months) and at least two headaches per month (Physicians classified patients according to the criteria of the International Headache Society to differentiate between patients with, tension-type headache, trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (cluster headache and Horton's headache), trigeminal neuralgia, occipital neuralgia, cervicogenic headache and post-surgery headache).
  • Age ≥ 18 years.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Headache caused by somatic diseases such as hypertension, meningioma or meningoencephalitis
  • Onset of headache less than 1-year before.
  • acupuncture treatment less than 1-year before
05

Study design

Observational model
Case-control
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrollment
482 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Pharmacological treatment group

    Treatment decision making is based on physician's choice and patient preferences. Patients were referred to the Pain Service Unit. Patients continued with a prophylactic treatment alone

  • Electroacupuncture group

    Treatment decision making is based on physician's choice and patient preferences. Patients were referred to the Pain Service Unit. Patients continued with a new prophylactic treatment and additionally, received 12 sessions of acupuncture. The treatments, which included electro-stimulation.

    Device: Electroacupuncture

Interventions

  • DeviceElectroacupuncture

    Needles on the extremities were stimulated by electro-stimulation device applied by a biphasic pulse generator apparatus at a frequency of pulses alternated between 2 Hz and 100 Hz and the maximum tolerable intensity.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of days with headache per month

    Because the improvements observed were essentially proportional to the headache at study entry, we also calculated the percent reduction of headache days for each patient. Treatment responders were also calculated: a patient with a reduction of ≥ 50% was considered to be a treatment responder.

    Time frame: At the end of the third month of treatment

Secondary outcomes

  1. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain

    a continuous scale comprised of a horizontal line, anchored by "no pain" (score of 0) and "worst imaginable pain" (score of 100 \[100-mm scale\]). (VAS pain intensity score)

    Time frame: at baseline, 1 month and 3-months

  2. The change of headache days after 1 month

    Number of headache days per month

    Time frame: at baseline, 1 month and 3-months

  3. Assessment of satisfaction with treatment

    ranging from 10 (extremely Satisfied) to 0 (extremely dissatisfied)

    Time frame: at baseline, 1 month and 3-months

  4. Sleep quality assessment

    ranging from 10 (good quality) to 0 (poor quality)

    Time frame: at baseline, 1 month and 3-months

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Study locations

1 site
  • Son Llàtzer University Hospital
    Palma, Balearic Islands 07198, Spain
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society. The International Classification of Headache Disorders: 2nd edition. Cephalalgia. 2004;24 Suppl 1:9-160. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2003.00824.x. No abstract available. PubMed 14979299 ↗
  • Garcia-Escriva A, Asensio-Asensio M, Lopez-Hernandez N, Gonzalez-Aznar OJ, Oliver-Navarrete C, Alvarez-Sauco M, Pampliega-Perez A. [Health care activity in a headache-specific clinic]. Rev Neurol. 2004 Sep 1-15;39(5):401-5. Spanish. PubMed 15378449 ↗
  • Linde K, Allais G, Brinkhaus B, Fei Y, Mehring M, Vertosick EA, Vickers A, White AR. Acupuncture for the prevention of episodic migraine. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jun 28;2016(6):CD001218. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001218.pub3. PubMed 27351677 ↗
  • Linde K, Allais G, Brinkhaus B, Fei Y, Mehring M, Shin BC, Vickers A, White AR. Acupuncture for the prevention of tension-type headache. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Apr 19;4(4):CD007587. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007587.pub2. PubMed 27092807 ↗
  • Vickers AJ, Cronin AM, Maschino AC, Lewith G, MacPherson H, Foster NE, Sherman KJ, Witt CM, Linde K; Acupuncture Trialists' Collaboration. Acupuncture for chronic pain: individual patient data meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2012 Oct 22;172(19):1444-53. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3654. PubMed 22965186 ↗
  • Wang LP, Zhang XZ, Guo J, Liu HL, Zhang Y, Liu CZ, Yi JH, Wang LP, Zhao JP, Li SS. Efficacy of acupuncture for acute migraine attack: a multicenter single blinded, randomized controlled trial. Pain Med. 2012 May;13(5):623-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2012.01376.x. Epub 2012 Apr 26. PubMed 22536889 ↗
  • Li Y, Liang F, Yang X, Tian X, Yan J, Sun G, Chang X, Tang Y, Ma T, Zhou L, Lan L, Yao W, Zou R. Acupuncture for treating acute attacks of migraine: a randomized controlled trial. Headache. 2009 Jun;49(6):805-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01424.x. Epub 2009 Apr 27. PubMed 19438740 ↗
  • Yang CP, Chang MH, Liu PE, Li TC, Hsieh CL, Hwang KL, Chang HH. Acupuncture versus topiramate in chronic migraine prophylaxis: a randomized clinical trial. Cephalalgia. 2011 Nov;31(15):1510-21. doi: 10.1177/0333102411420585. Epub 2011 Oct 21. PubMed 22019576 ↗
  • Coeytaux RR, Kaufman JS, Kaptchuk TJ, Chen W, Miller WC, Callahan LF, Mann JD. A randomized, controlled trial of acupuncture for chronic daily headache. Headache. 2005 Oct;45(9):1113-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2005.00235.x. PubMed 16178942 ↗
  • Wonderling D, Vickers AJ, Grieve R, McCarney R. Cost effectiveness analysis of a randomised trial of acupuncture for chronic headache in primary care. BMJ. 2004 Mar 27;328(7442):747. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38033.896505.EB. Epub 2004 Mar 15. PubMed 15023830 ↗
  • Witt CM, Reinhold T, Jena S, Brinkhaus B, Willich SN. Cost-effectiveness of acupuncture treatment in patients with headache. Cephalalgia. 2008 Apr;28(4):334-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01504.x. PubMed 18315686 ↗
  • Vandenbroucke JP. When are observational studies as credible as randomised trials? Lancet. 2004 May 22;363(9422):1728-31. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16261-2. No abstract available. PubMed 15158638 ↗
  • Concato J, Shah N, Horwitz RI. Randomized, controlled trials, observational studies, and the hierarchy of research designs. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jun 22;342(25):1887-92. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200006223422507. PubMed 10861325 ↗
  • von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP; STROBE Initiative. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Int J Surg. 2014 Dec;12(12):1495-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.07.013. Epub 2014 Jul 18. PubMed 25046131 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided — No later than 3 years after the study will have ended a completely deidentified data set will deliver to an appropriate data archive for sharing purposes

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Mar 2017 to primary completion in Jul 2017, 4 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Aug 11, 2017
First posted
Aug 16, 2017
StartActual
Mar 20, 2017
Primary completionActual
Jul 30, 2017
CompletionActual
Apr 30, 2018
Last update
Nov 12, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 12, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03250754
Lead sponsor
Hospital Son Llatzer
Responsible party
Javier Mata (Chief of Section of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Hospital Son Llatzer) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 16, 2017
Start date
Mar 20, 2017
Primary completion
Jul 30, 2017
Completion
Apr 30, 2018
Last update
Nov 12, 2024

Study contacts

Javier Mata, MD
principal investigator · Son Llatzer University Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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