ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03041311Updated Sep 25, 2025Results posted

Carboplatin, Etoposide, and Atezolizumab With or Without Trilaciclib (G1T28), a CDK4/6 Inhibitor, in Extensive-Stage SCLC

A Phase 2 interventional study of Trilaciclib and Placebo in Small Cell Lung Cancer, sponsored by G1 Therapeutics, Inc.. Completed at 45 sites in 7 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-09-25.

Sponsored by G1 Therapeutics, Inc. (part of Pharmacosmos A/S) · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
107
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 629 studies in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma with a site in United States — 111 open to participants now, 182 under way, 26 of them phase 3. Small Cell Lung Carcinoma · United States.

Enrollment
178th of 550
107 · median 55
Started
2017
with 30 others
Phase 2
186 of 629
24 open now
Registered
330th of 629
by date

Among the 629 studies in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma with a site in United States, this one is the 178th largest by enrollment of the 550 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 31 that started in 2017, is one of 186 in phase 2, and was the 330th registered.

Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

1,301 studies on the registry are indexed under Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; 365 are open to participants now.

Browse Small Cell Lung Carcinoma studies →

Open to participants now

111 of the 629 studies in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

106 more — sign in →

All 111 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 263 Small Cell Lung Carcinoma studies recruiting now, 173 (66%) set no upper age limit and 66 (25%) stop at 75 or younger; 3 take children under 18; 8 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

This was a study to investigate the potential clinical benefit of trilaciclib (G1T28) in preserving the bone marrow and the immune system, and enhancing antitumor efficacy when administered with carboplatin, etoposide, and atezolizumab (E/P/A) therapy in first line treatment for patients with newly diagnosed extensive-stage SCLC.

The study was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled design. Approximately, 100 patients were randomized to trilaciclib + E/P/A or placebo + E/P/A in the study.

Read the detailed description

The posted results represent the final results from Study G1T28-05, a Phase 2 study of carboplatin, etoposide, and atezolizumab with or without trilaciclib (G1T28) in patients with untreated extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

The final myelopreservation efficacy results are from database lock 1 (data cut-off [DCO] 17 Aug 2018). The final anti-tumor efficacy data (BOR, DOR, PFS) are from a second database lock 2 (DCO 28 June 2019) that occurred to support the trilaciclib New Drug Application (NDA). Final overall survival and safety data are reported from the final study database lock (DCO 11 Dec 2020, last patient last visit date of 29 October 2020).

Please note the last patient last visit date description above which is recorded as the study completion date. Following the last patient last visit, the final database lock occurred a few weeks later which accounts for the discrepancy between the study completion date and the reported assessment time frames.

03

Conditions studied

  • Small Cell Lung Cancer

Keywords

  • Small Cell Lung Cancer
  • CDK4/6 Inhibitor
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Eligibility criteria

Key Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male or female subjects aged ≥18 years
  • Unequivocally confirmed diagnosis of SCLC by histology or cytology, preferably including the presence of neuroendocrine features by immunohistochemistry
  • Extensive-stage SCLC
  • At least 1 target lesion that is measurable by (RECIST) Version 1.1
  • Adequate organ function
  • (ECOG) performance status of 0 - 2
  • Predicted of ≥3 months
  • Able to understand and sign an

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Limited-stage SCLC
  • Prior chemotherapy for limited or extensive-stage SCLC
  • Prior treatment with immunotherapies including but not limited to cluster of differentiation 137 agonists or immune checkpoint blockade therapies (such as anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (), anti-programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) therapeutic antibodies).
  • Presence of symptomatic requiring immediate treatment with radiation therapy or .
  • other than SCLC within 3 years prior to randomization, with the exception of those with negligible risk of or death treated with expected curative outcome
  • History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia, drug induced pneumonitis, idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest CT scan
  • Active, known, suspected disease requiring systemic treatment in the past 2 years
  • Uncontrolled ischemic heart disease or uncontrolled symptomatic congestive heart failure
  • Known history of stroke or cerebrovascular accident within 6 months prior to enrollment
  • Serious active infection at the time of enrollment
  • Psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit study compliance
  • Other uncontrolled serious chronic disease or conditions that in the investigator's opinion could affect compliance or follow-up in the protocol
  • Known , known active , or
  • Radiotherapy to any site or radiotherapy within 2 weeks prior to enrollment
  • Receipt of any medication within 4 weeks prior to enrollment
  • Administration of attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks before enrollment or anticipation that such a will be required during the study
  • Influenza vaccination should be given during influenza season only (approx. Oct to March). Patients must not receive live, attenuated influenza vaccine (eg, FluMist) within 4 weeks prior to enrollment at any time during the study, and at least 5 months after the last dose of atezolizumab.
  • Patients with a condition requiring systemic treatment with either corticosteroids ( > 10 mg daily prednisone equivalents) or other medications (including but not limited to cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, thalidomide, and anti-tumor necrosis factor agents) within 14 days of study drug administration. Inhaled or topical steroids ad adrenal replacement dosed > 10 mg daily prednisone equivalents are permitted in the absence of active autoimmune disease.
  • to any of the components of the formulation of etoposide or etoposide phosphate
  • Hypersensitivity to carboplatin or other platinum-containing compounds or to mannitol
  • History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins
  • Known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary cell products or other recombinant human antibodies
  • Legal incapacity or limited legal capacity
  • Pregnant or lactating women
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(17)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

RECIST

The standard rules for measuring tumours on CT or MRI scans, to tell whether a cancer is shrinking, stable or growing during treatment.

“Measurable disease per RECIST 1.1” usually means at least one tumour 10 mm or more at its longest on a CT scan, or a lymph node 15 mm or more across its short axis.

ECOG performance status

A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.

0
Fully active, no restrictions.
1
Limited in strenuous activity, but walking and able to do light work, such as housework or office work.
2
Walking and able to look after yourself, but unable to work; up and about more than half of waking hours.
3
Able to look after yourself only in part; in bed or a chair more than half of waking hours.
4
Unable to look after yourself at all; in bed or a chair all day.

Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.

Life expectancy

The study doctor’s estimate of how long someone is likely to live. Criteria use it so that people can stay in the study long enough for it to answer its question.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

PD-1, PD-L1 and checkpoint inhibitors

PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 are proteins that act as brakes on the immune system. Checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab or nivolumab, block them so the immune system can attack a cancer.

PD-L1 can also be measured in a tumour sample. Some scores count stained tumour cells only (TPS); others also count certain immune cells (CPS). The study names the score and the minimum it uses.

Brain metastases

Cancer deposits in the brain from a cancer that started elsewhere in the body (CNS metastases include the spinal cord).

Studies differ: some leave out any brain metastases, some accept ones treated and stable for some weeks. Check what this study allows.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

Cancer (malignancy)

Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.

Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.

Metastases

Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.

Autoimmune disease

A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.

Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

Hepatitis B tests

Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.

Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.

Hepatitis C tests

Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.

After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

Live vaccines

Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
107 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    trilaciclib+etoposide/carboplatin/atezolizumab

    Induction: Patients received trilaciclib 240 mg/m² administered intravenously (IV) once daily prior to E/P/A on Days 1, 2 and 3 of each 21-day E/P/A therapy cycle (up to 4 cycles in total). Etoposide 100 mg/m² was administered IV daily on Days 1, 2, and 3 of each 21-day cycle. Carboplatin was administered on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle using the Calvert formula with a target area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) = 5 milligrams per milliliter per minute (mg/mL/min) to calculate the dose. Atezolizumab 1200 mg was administered as an IV infusion on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Maintenance: Following the induction phase, patients received maintenance atezolizumab at a dose of 1200 mg on Day 1 of every 21-day cycle until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator.

    Drug: Trilaciclib · Drug: Carboplatin · Drug: Etoposide · Drug: Atezolizumab

  • Experimental
    placebo+etoposide/carboplatin/atezolizumab

    Induction: Patients received placebo administered IV once daily prior to E/P/A on Days 1, 2 and 3 of each 21-day E/P/A therapy cycle (up to 4 cycles in total). Etoposide 100 mg/m² was administered IV daily on Days 1, 2, and 3 of each 21-day cycle. Carboplatin was be administered on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle using the Calvert formula with a target AUC = 5 mg/mL/min to calculate the dose. Atezolizumab 1200 mg was administered as an IV infusion on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. Maintenance: Following the induction phase, patients received maintenance atezolizumab at a dose of 1200 mg on Day 1 of every 21-day cycle until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator.

    Drug: Placebo · Drug: Carboplatin · Drug: Etoposide · Drug: Atezolizumab

Interventions

  • Trilaciclib IV

    Also known as: G1T28

  • DrugPlacebo

    Placebo IV

  • Carboplatin IV

    Also known as: Paraplatin

  • Etoposide IV

    Also known as: VP-16

  • Atezolizumab IV

    Also known as: Tecentriq

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Duration of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia in Cycle 1

    Duration of severe neutropenia (DSN; days) was defined as the number of days from the date of the first absolute neutrophil count (ANC) value of \<0.5 × 10⁹/L observed between start of cycle and end of cycle to the date of the first ANC value ≥0.5 × 10⁹/L that met the following criteria: (1) occurred after the ANC value of \<0.5 × 10⁹/L and (2) no other ANC values \<0.5 × 10⁹/L occurred between this day and end of cycle. DSN was set to 0 for patients who did not experience severe neutropenia in a cycle, including those that were randomized and not treated. Data from unscheduled visits and the actual assessment date (rather than visit date) were included in the derivation.

    Time frame: Evaluated for Cycle 1 of the Induction Period (i.e., from randomization to the end of Cycle 1, each cycle = 21 days).

  2. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia

    The occurrence of severe (Grade 4) neutropenia (SN) was a binary variable. If a patient had at least 1 absolute neutrophil count value \<0.5 × 10\^9/L during the Induction Period, the patient was assigned as Yes to the occurrence of SN; otherwise, it was No.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles up to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

Secondary outcomes

  1. All-Cause Dose Reductions

    Dose reductions are not permitted for trilaciclib or atezolizumab. Dose reductions for E/P are derived from changes in the protocol-specified dose on the dosing page and correspond to the reductions for toxicity specified in the protocol. No more than 2 dose reductions of E/P in total were allowed for any patient. Simultaneous reduction in the doses of etoposide and carboplatin were counted as 1 dose reduction.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  2. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of RBC Transfusion on/After Week 5 (Proportion of Patients)

    For this endpoint, the occurrence during the Induction Period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes, if total number of events ≥1 was observed, No for other scenarios. If a patient did not have an event, a value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Each red blood cell transfusion with a unique start date on/after Week 5 on study during the Induction was defined as a separate event.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 374 days.

  3. Occurrence of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) Administration (Proportion of Patients)

    For this endpoint, the occurrence during the Induction Period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes, if total number of events ≥1 was observed, No for other scenarios. If a patient did not have an event, a value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Any G-CSF administration in a cycle during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event. A patient with at least 1 cycle with G-CSF administration during an induction cycle or the Induction Period was considered to have occurrence of G-CSF administration.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  4. Overall Survival (OS)

    Overall survival was calculated as the time (months) from date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. Patients who did not die during the study were censored at the date last known to be alive. Patients lacking data beyond the date of randomization had their survival time censored at date of randomization. Overall survival was not censored if a patient received other anti-tumor treatments after the study drugs. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

    Time frame: From date of randomization to date of death due to any cause, assessed up to a maximum of 38.1 months.

  5. Major Adverse Hematologic Events (MAHE) (Composite Endpoint)

    The composite endpoint "major adverse hematologic events" (MAHE) included the following aspects of myelosuppression: All-cause hospitalizations - Each recorded preferred term (PT) with a unique start date was counted as an event. All-cause dose reductions - Dose reductions were permitted for E/P but not for trilaciclib or atezolizumab. No more than 2 dose reductions were allowed. Each dose reduction was counted as a separate event. Febrile neutropenia-Each febrile neutropenia event with a unique start date during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event. Prolonged severe neutropenia (SN)-Each cycle with a severe neutropenia duration greater than 5 days was counted as an event, with the date of the first Grade 4 laboratory value defined as the start date for the time-to-first event analysis. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on/after Week 5-Each RBC transfusion with a unique start date on/after Week 5 on study during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  6. Best Overall Response

    For all patients, the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1) tumor response data were used to determine each patient's visit response (TPR = time point response). Per RECIST v1.1 for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameters of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD), \>=20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, Stable Disease, neither sufficient shrinkage or increase to quality for PR or PD. Objective Response Rate (ORR) = CR + PR. The TPR at each visit was determined in 2 ways: (1) derived programmatically at the time of analysis using the information from target lesions, non-target lesions, and new lesions based on data collected through eCRF; and (2) judged by the investigator as collected in the eCRF. Results shown here are from the programmatically derived assessments.

    Time frame: From date of randomization, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.

  7. Duration of Objective Response (Complete Response or Partial Response)

    Duration of Response (DOR) is the time between first response by RECIST Version 1.1 of CR or PR and the first date that progressive disease is documented by RECIST Version 1.1, or death. Patients who do not experience PD or death will be censored at the last tumor assessment date. Only those patients with confirmed responses will be included in this analysis.

    Time frame: From date of randomization, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.

  8. Progression-Free Survival

    Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as the time (number of months) from date of randomization until date of documented radiologic disease progression per RECIST v1.1 or death due to any cause, whichever came first.

    Time frame: From date of randomization, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.

  9. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Febrile Neutropenia

    The criterion for identifying febrile neutropenia was if the preferred term for an adverse event was "FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA." Any occurrence of a febrile neutropenia event during the induction treatment period is defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. Each febrile neutropenia event with a unique start date during the induction treatment period was defined as a separate event.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  10. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic Laboratory Abnormalities

    The occurrence of Grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities was a binary endpoint. If a patient had at least 1 cycle with at least 1 Grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicities during the Induction Period, the patient was assigned as "Yes" to the occurrence of Grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities; otherwise, it was "No". If a patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  11. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent (ESA) Administration

    Any ESA administration in a cycle during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event. A patient with at least 1 cycle with ESA administration during an induction cycle or the Induction Period was considered to have occurrence of ESA administration. The criterion to select proper records was as follows: If the chemical subgroup from WHO-DD Version September 2017 (ie TEXT4 for CODE4) takes the value "OTHER ANTIANEMIC PREPARATIONS," the medication was classified as ESAs.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  12. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Platelet Transfusion

    Any occurrence of a platelet transfusion during the induction treatment period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. If the patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Each platelet transfusion event with a unique start date during the induction treatment period was defined as a separate event.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  13. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

    Any occurrence of an infection SAE during the induction treatment period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. If the patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient. The criterion for identifying the proper infection SAE records was as follows: if the system organ class (SOC) from Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) Version 20.1 takes value "INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS," and the AE was a serious event.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  14. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Pulmonary Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

    Any occurrence of a pulmonary SAE during the induction treatment period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. If the patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Each pulmonary infection SAE with a unique start date during the induction treatment period was defined as separate event. The criterion for identifying the proper pulmonary infection SAE records was as follows: The SOC from MedDRA Version 20.1 took the value "INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS," the adverse event was a serious event, and the PT took values from the following list of PTs under the category of pulmonary infection adverse events: bronchiolitis, bronchitis, infectious pleural effusion, influenza, pneumonia, pneumonia bacterial, respiratory tract infection, upper respiratory tract infection, and viral upper respiratory tract infection.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  15. Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of IV Antibiotic Uses

    Occurrence of an IV antibiotics administration during the induction treatment period is defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of IV antibiotics administration ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. Each IV antibiotic with a unique start date during the induction treatment period will be defined as a separate event. The criteria for identifying an IV antibiotic administration event was (1) if the therapeutic subgroup from WHO-DD Version September 2017 (ie, TEXT2 for CODE2) takes the value "ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE," and (2) the route of medication was "intravenous" or the route was "other" with the detailed specification as "IVPB."

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  16. Duration of Study Drug Exposure (Induction Period and Maintenance Period)

    Induction period duration of exposure (days) = Day 1 of last induction cycle - Cycle 1 Day 1 of induction phase + 21. Maintenance period duration of exposure (days) = Day 1 of the last maintenance cycle -Cycle 1 Day 1 of maintenance phase + 21.

    Time frame: From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1162 days.

  17. Number of Cycles Completed (Induction Period and Maintenance Period)

    Patients were considered to have started a cycle if they have received at least one dose of any study drug (carboplatin, etoposide, atezolizumab or trilaciclib).

    Time frame: From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 49 cycles.

  18. Relative Dose Intensity of Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin, Etoposide, Atezolizumab (Induction Period) and Atezolizumab (Maintenance Period)

    Relative dose intensity is defined as 100% times the actual dose intensity divided by the planned dose intensity. The planned dose intensity is defined as the cumulative planned dose through the study divided by (number of cycles \* 3 weeks)

    Time frame: From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.

  19. Number of Participants With Any Cycle Delays and the Number of Cycles Delayed (Induction Period)

    After Cycle 1, patients need to meet pre-specified laboratory parameter criteria before initiating Cycle 2 and each subsequent cycle of chemotherapy. A "Cycle Day Status" page asks if the cycle was delayed. If the start of the current cycle was delayed (the site answers "Yes"), this will be counted as a delay. Cycle delays could occur for management of toxicity (hematologic or non-hematologic) or for administrative/logistic reasons. The reason for each cycle delay was captured in the eCRF if it was related to AEs. Reasons other than AEs were not captured.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  20. Number of Participants With Any Cycle Delays and the Number of Cycles Delayed (Maintenance Period)

    After Cycle 1, patients need to meet pre-specified laboratory parameter criteria before initiating Cycle 2 and each subsequent cycle of chemotherapy. A "Cycle Day Status" page asks if the cycle was delayed. If the start of the current cycle was delayed (the site answers "Yes"), this will be counted as a delay. Cycle delays could occur for management of toxicity (hematologic or non-hematologic) or for administrative/logistic reasons. The reason for each cycle delay was captured in the eCRF if it was related to AEs. Reasons other than AEs were not captured.

    Time frame: Maintenance Period. From date of first maintenance dose, 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1160 days.

  21. Number of Participants With Any Missed Doses [for Each Study Drug: Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin and Etoposide] (Induction Period)

    Missed doses are identified on the dosing page of each study drug based on the question "Was the dose given?". The missed dose information will be obtained for each study drug. For a study drug, if the last record of response to question "Was the dose given?" is No, it will not be considered as a missed dose but instead considered to be end of treatment if both criteria below are met: (1) No other study drugs are given on the same day, and (2) No study drugs are given subsequently.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  22. Number of Participants With Any Missed Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)

    Missed doses are identified on the dosing page of each study drug based on the question "Was the dose given?". The missed dose information will be obtained for each study drug. For a study drug, if the last record of response to question "Was the dose given?" is No, it will not be considered as a missed dose but instead considered to be end of treatment if both criteria below are met: (1) No other study drugs are given on the same day, and (2) No study drugs are given subsequently.

    Time frame: From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1162 days.

  23. Number of Participants With Any Dose Interruptions [for Each Study Drug: Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin and Etoposide] (Induction Period)

    Dose interruptions were defined as interruption of infusion, regardless of whether the study drug was continued after the interruption.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

  24. Number of Participants With Any Interrupted Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)

    Dose interruptions were defined as interruption of infusion, regardless of whether the study drug was continued after the interruption.

    Time frame: From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1162 days.

  25. Number of Participants With Any Dose Reductions of Carboplatin and Etoposide (Induction Period)

    No dose reductions were allowed for trilaciclib or atezolizumab during the study.

    Time frame: Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.

07

Results

Posted May 6, 2022
Limitations and caveats
Limitation of the trial is small numbers of subjects, since it is a Phase 2 clinical trial. Small sample size may have reduced the ability to observe statistically significant treatment effects on secondary myelopreservation measures (i.e. occurrence of FN AEs, infections and antibiotics usage).

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Started5453
Completed00
Not completed5453
Withdrew: Death3942
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up01
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject85
Withdrew: Sponsor terminated study24
Withdrew: Disease progression31
Withdrew: Randomized in error, did not receive drug20

Outcome measures

PrimaryDuration of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia in Cycle 1

Duration of severe neutropenia (DSN; days) was defined as the number of days from the date of the first absolute neutrophil count (ANC) value of \<0.5 × 10⁹/L observed between start of cycle and end of cycle to the date of the first ANC value ≥0.5 × 10⁹/L that met the following criteria: (1) occurred after the ANC value of \<0.5 × 10⁹/L and (2) no other ANC values \<0.5 × 10⁹/L occurred between this day and end of cycle. DSN was set to 0 for patients who did not experience severe neutropenia in a cycle, including those that were randomized and not treated. Data from unscheduled visits and the actual assessment date (rather than visit date) were included in the derivation.

Time frame:
Evaluated for Cycle 1 of the Induction Period (i.e., from randomization to the end of Cycle 1, each cycle = 21 days).
Reported as:
Mean · days
Duration of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia in Cycle 1
daysTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Duration of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia in Cycle 10 ± 1.04 ± 4.7
Statistical analysis
  • Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab vs Placebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab · non-parametric ANCOVA · p = <0.0001 (A Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure was used to control the global familywise error rate across the multiple null hypotheses (for 2 primary and 3 key secondary endpoints) in a strong sense at a 1-sided 0.025 level.)Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure
PrimaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia

The occurrence of severe (Grade 4) neutropenia (SN) was a binary variable. If a patient had at least 1 absolute neutrophil count value \<0.5 × 10\^9/L during the Induction Period, the patient was assigned as Yes to the occurrence of SN; otherwise, it was No.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles up to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Severe (Grade 4) Neutropenia126
Statistical analysis
  • Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab vs Placebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab · Modified Poisson · p = <0.0001 (A Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure was used to control the global familywise error rate across the multiple null hypotheses (for 2 primary and 3 key secondary endpoints) in a strong sense at a 1-sided 0.025 level.)Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure
SecondaryAll-Cause Dose Reductions

Dose reductions are not permitted for trilaciclib or atezolizumab. Dose reductions for E/P are derived from changes in the protocol-specified dose on the dosing page and correspond to the reductions for toxicity specified in the protocol. No more than 2 dose reductions of E/P in total were allowed for any patient. Simultaneous reduction in the doses of etoposide and carboplatin were counted as 1 dose reduction.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Number · Events/Cycle
All-Cause Dose Reductions
Events/CycleTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
All-Cause Dose Reductions0.0210.085
Statistical analysis
  • Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab vs Placebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab · negative binomial regression · p = 0.0195 (A Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure was used to control the global familywise error rate across the multiple null hypotheses (for 2 primary and 3 key secondary endpoints) in a strong sense at a 1-sided 0.025 level.)Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of RBC Transfusion on/After Week 5 (Proportion of Patients)

For this endpoint, the occurrence during the Induction Period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes, if total number of events ≥1 was observed, No for other scenarios. If a patient did not have an event, a value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Each red blood cell transfusion with a unique start date on/after Week 5 on study during the Induction was defined as a separate event.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 374 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of RBC Transfusion on/After Week 5 (Proportion of Patients)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of RBC Transfusion on/After Week 5 (Proportion of Patients)711
Statistical analysis
  • Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab vs Placebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab · Modified Poisson · p = 0.1335 (A Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure was used to control the global familywise error rate across the multiple null hypotheses (for 2 primary and 3 key secondary endpoints) in a strong sense at a 1-sided 0.025 level.)Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure
SecondaryOccurrence of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) Administration (Proportion of Patients)

For this endpoint, the occurrence during the Induction Period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes, if total number of events ≥1 was observed, No for other scenarios. If a patient did not have an event, a value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Any G-CSF administration in a cycle during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event. A patient with at least 1 cycle with G-CSF administration during an induction cycle or the Induction Period was considered to have occurrence of G-CSF administration.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Occurrence of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) Administration (Proportion of Patients)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Occurrence of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) Administration (Proportion of Patients)1625
Statistical analysis
  • Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab vs Placebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab · Modified Poisson · p = 0.0686 (A Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure was used to control the global familywise error rate across the multiple null hypotheses (for 2 primary and 3 key secondary endpoints) in a strong sense at a 1-sided 0.025 level.)Hochberg-based gatekeeping procedure
SecondaryOverall Survival (OS)

Overall survival was calculated as the time (months) from date of randomization to the date of death due to any cause. Patients who did not die during the study were censored at the date last known to be alive. Patients lacking data beyond the date of randomization had their survival time censored at date of randomization. Overall survival was not censored if a patient received other anti-tumor treatments after the study drugs. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Time frame:
From date of randomization to date of death due to any cause, assessed up to a maximum of 38.1 months.
Reported as:
Number · Months
Overall Survival (OS)
MonthsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
25%7.2 (4.9 to 10.2)6.7 (3.6 to 8.1)
Median12.0 (9.6 to 16.2)12.8 (7.9 to 15.5)
75%20.6 (14.5 to 23.2)22.4 (15.5 to 30.0)
Statistical analysis
  • Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab vs Placebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab · Log Rank · p = 0.9942 (The 2-sided p-value was obtained from the stratified log-rank test to account for the stratification factors.) · Hazard ratio (hr): 0.99 · 95% CI 0.64 to 1.52The HR and its 95% CI were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression model with treatment and stratification factors of ECOG performance status (0 to 1 versus 2) and presence of brain metastases (Yes versus No).
SecondaryMajor Adverse Hematologic Events (MAHE) (Composite Endpoint)

The composite endpoint "major adverse hematologic events" (MAHE) included the following aspects of myelosuppression: All-cause hospitalizations - Each recorded preferred term (PT) with a unique start date was counted as an event. All-cause dose reductions - Dose reductions were permitted for E/P but not for trilaciclib or atezolizumab. No more than 2 dose reductions were allowed. Each dose reduction was counted as a separate event. Febrile neutropenia-Each febrile neutropenia event with a unique start date during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event. Prolonged severe neutropenia (SN)-Each cycle with a severe neutropenia duration greater than 5 days was counted as an event, with the date of the first Grade 4 laboratory value defined as the start date for the time-to-first event analysis. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on/after Week 5-Each RBC transfusion with a unique start date on/after Week 5 on study during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Number · event rate per week
Major Adverse Hematologic Events (MAHE) (Composite Endpoint)
event rate per weekTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Major adverse hematologic events (MAHE)0.1320.058
All-cause hospitalizations0.0320.030
All-cause dose reductions0.0210.085
Febrile neutropenia TEAEs0.0020.004
RBC transfusions on/after Week 50.0170.026
Prolonged SN (>5 days)0.0050.170
SecondaryBest Overall Response

For all patients, the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.1) tumor response data were used to determine each patient's visit response (TPR = time point response). Per RECIST v1.1 for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameters of target lesions; Progressive Disease (PD), \>=20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, Stable Disease, neither sufficient shrinkage or increase to quality for PR or PD. Objective Response Rate (ORR) = CR + PR. The TPR at each visit was determined in 2 ways: (1) derived programmatically at the time of analysis using the information from target lesions, non-target lesions, and new lesions based on data collected through eCRF; and (2) judged by the investigator as collected in the eCRF. Results shown here are from the programmatically derived assessments.

Time frame:
From date of randomization, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Best Overall Response
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Complete Response (CR)01
Partial Response (PR)2832
Stable Disease (SD)2014
Progressive Disease (PD)22
Not Evaluable (NE)02
Missing01
Objective response rate (CR+PR)2833
SecondaryDuration of Objective Response (Complete Response or Partial Response)

Duration of Response (DOR) is the time between first response by RECIST Version 1.1 of CR or PR and the first date that progressive disease is documented by RECIST Version 1.1, or death. Patients who do not experience PD or death will be censored at the last tumor assessment date. Only those patients with confirmed responses will be included in this analysis.

Time frame:
From date of randomization, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.
Reported as:
Number · months
Duration of Objective Response (Complete Response or Partial Response)
monthsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
25%4.4 (2.9 to 4.7)3.0 (2.7 to 4.1)
Median5.6 (4.4 to 7.0)4.3 (3.4 to 4.7)
75%8.3 (5.8 to 13.2)5.0 (4.6 to 10.5)
SecondaryProgression-Free Survival

Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as the time (number of months) from date of randomization until date of documented radiologic disease progression per RECIST v1.1 or death due to any cause, whichever came first.

Time frame:
From date of randomization, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.
Reported as:
Number · months
Progression-Free Survival
monthsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
25%3.7 (2.7 to 4.2)4.0 (3.1 to 4.3)
Median5.9 (4.2 to 7.1)5.4 (4.3 to 5.7)
75%8.5 (7.1 to 10.4)6.4 (5.7 to 8.9)
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Febrile Neutropenia

The criterion for identifying febrile neutropenia was if the preferred term for an adverse event was "FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA." Any occurrence of a febrile neutropenia event during the induction treatment period is defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. Each febrile neutropenia event with a unique start date during the induction treatment period was defined as a separate event.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Febrile Neutropenia
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Febrile Neutropenia13
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic Laboratory Abnormalities

The occurrence of Grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities was a binary endpoint. If a patient had at least 1 cycle with at least 1 Grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicities during the Induction Period, the patient was assigned as "Yes" to the occurrence of Grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities; otherwise, it was "No". If a patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic Laboratory Abnormalities
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Grade 3 or 4 Hematologic Laboratory Abnormalities2343
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent (ESA) Administration

Any ESA administration in a cycle during the Induction Period was defined as a separate event. A patient with at least 1 cycle with ESA administration during an induction cycle or the Induction Period was considered to have occurrence of ESA administration. The criterion to select proper records was as follows: If the chemical subgroup from WHO-DD Version September 2017 (ie TEXT4 for CODE4) takes the value "OTHER ANTIANEMIC PREPARATIONS," the medication was classified as ESAs.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent (ESA) Administration
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent (ESA) Administration36
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Platelet Transfusion

Any occurrence of a platelet transfusion during the induction treatment period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. If the patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Each platelet transfusion event with a unique start date during the induction treatment period was defined as a separate event.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Platelet Transfusion
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Platelet Transfusion12
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

Any occurrence of an infection SAE during the induction treatment period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. If the patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient. The criterion for identifying the proper infection SAE records was as follows: if the system organ class (SOC) from Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) Version 20.1 takes value "INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS," and the AE was a serious event.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)37
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Pulmonary Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

Any occurrence of a pulmonary SAE during the induction treatment period was defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of febrile neutropenia events ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. If the patient did not have an event, the value of 0 was assigned to that patient. Each pulmonary infection SAE with a unique start date during the induction treatment period was defined as separate event. The criterion for identifying the proper pulmonary infection SAE records was as follows: The SOC from MedDRA Version 20.1 took the value "INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS," the adverse event was a serious event, and the PT took values from the following list of PTs under the category of pulmonary infection adverse events: bronchiolitis, bronchitis, infectious pleural effusion, influenza, pneumonia, pneumonia bacterial, respiratory tract infection, upper respiratory tract infection, and viral upper respiratory tract infection.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Pulmonary Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of Pulmonary Infection Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)25
SecondaryNumber of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of IV Antibiotic Uses

Occurrence of an IV antibiotics administration during the induction treatment period is defined as a binary variable (Yes or No); Yes if total number of IV antibiotics administration ≥ 1 is observed, No for other scenarios. Each IV antibiotic with a unique start date during the induction treatment period will be defined as a separate event. The criteria for identifying an IV antibiotic administration event was (1) if the therapeutic subgroup from WHO-DD Version September 2017 (ie, TEXT2 for CODE2) takes the value "ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE," and (2) the route of medication was "intravenous" or the route was "other" with the detailed specification as "IVPB."

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of randomization, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of IV Antibiotic Uses
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Occurrence of IV Antibiotic Uses1012
SecondaryDuration of Study Drug Exposure (Induction Period and Maintenance Period)

Induction period duration of exposure (days) = Day 1 of last induction cycle - Cycle 1 Day 1 of induction phase + 21. Maintenance period duration of exposure (days) = Day 1 of the last maintenance cycle -Cycle 1 Day 1 of maintenance phase + 21.

Time frame:
From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1162 days.
Reported as:
Mean · Days
Duration of Study Drug Exposure (Induction Period and Maintenance Period)
DaysTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Induction Period83 ± 15.688 ± 20.5
Maintenance Period223 ± 253.3232 ± 271.0
SecondaryNumber of Cycles Completed (Induction Period and Maintenance Period)

Patients were considered to have started a cycle if they have received at least one dose of any study drug (carboplatin, etoposide, atezolizumab or trilaciclib).

Time frame:
From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 49 cycles.
Reported as:
Mean · Cycles
Number of Cycles Completed (Induction Period and Maintenance Period)
CyclesTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Induction Period4 ± 0.64 ± 0.8
Maintenance Period10 ± 11.910 ± 11.3
SecondaryRelative Dose Intensity of Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin, Etoposide, Atezolizumab (Induction Period) and Atezolizumab (Maintenance Period)

Relative dose intensity is defined as 100% times the actual dose intensity divided by the planned dose intensity. The planned dose intensity is defined as the cumulative planned dose through the study divided by (number of cycles \* 3 weeks)

Time frame:
From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 724 days.
Reported as:
Mean · percentage of dose
Relative Dose Intensity of Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin, Etoposide, Atezolizumab (Induction Period) and Atezolizumab (Maintenance Period)
percentage of doseTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Trilaciclib/Placebo94.6 ± 7.6591.1 ± 10.68
Carboplatin95.3 ± 7.6589.1 ± 12.25
Etoposide93.4 ± 9.5987.7 ± 13.92
Atezolizumab (Induction)94.1 ± 9.5491.0 ± 11.26
Atezolizumab (Maintenance)93.5 ± 11.4594.2 ± 10.19
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Any Cycle Delays and the Number of Cycles Delayed (Induction Period)

After Cycle 1, patients need to meet pre-specified laboratory parameter criteria before initiating Cycle 2 and each subsequent cycle of chemotherapy. A "Cycle Day Status" page asks if the cycle was delayed. If the start of the current cycle was delayed (the site answers "Yes"), this will be counted as a delay. Cycle delays could occur for management of toxicity (hematologic or non-hematologic) or for administrative/logistic reasons. The reason for each cycle delay was captured in the eCRF if it was related to AEs. Reasons other than AEs were not captured.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Any Cycle Delays and the Number of Cycles Delayed (Induction Period)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of patients with any cycle delays1831
0 cycles3422
1 cycle1418
2 cycles210
3 or more cycles23
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Any Cycle Delays and the Number of Cycles Delayed (Maintenance Period)

After Cycle 1, patients need to meet pre-specified laboratory parameter criteria before initiating Cycle 2 and each subsequent cycle of chemotherapy. A "Cycle Day Status" page asks if the cycle was delayed. If the start of the current cycle was delayed (the site answers "Yes"), this will be counted as a delay. Cycle delays could occur for management of toxicity (hematologic or non-hematologic) or for administrative/logistic reasons. The reason for each cycle delay was captured in the eCRF if it was related to AEs. Reasons other than AEs were not captured.

Time frame:
Maintenance Period. From date of first maintenance dose, 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1160 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Any Cycle Delays and the Number of Cycles Delayed (Maintenance Period)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of patients with any cycle delays2126
0 cycles2021
1 cycle1012
2 cycles66
3 or more cycles58
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Any Missed Doses [for Each Study Drug: Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin and Etoposide] (Induction Period)

Missed doses are identified on the dosing page of each study drug based on the question "Was the dose given?". The missed dose information will be obtained for each study drug. For a study drug, if the last record of response to question "Was the dose given?" is No, it will not be considered as a missed dose but instead considered to be end of treatment if both criteria below are met: (1) No other study drugs are given on the same day, and (2) No study drugs are given subsequently.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Any Missed Doses [for Each Study Drug: Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin and Etoposide] (Induction Period)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Trilaciclib/Placebo30
Carboplatin10
Etoposide30
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Any Missed Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)

Missed doses are identified on the dosing page of each study drug based on the question "Was the dose given?". The missed dose information will be obtained for each study drug. For a study drug, if the last record of response to question "Was the dose given?" is No, it will not be considered as a missed dose but instead considered to be end of treatment if both criteria below are met: (1) No other study drugs are given on the same day, and (2) No study drugs are given subsequently.

Time frame:
From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1162 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Any Missed Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With Any Missed Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)33
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Any Dose Interruptions [for Each Study Drug: Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin and Etoposide] (Induction Period)

Dose interruptions were defined as interruption of infusion, regardless of whether the study drug was continued after the interruption.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Any Dose Interruptions [for Each Study Drug: Trilaciclib/Placebo, Carboplatin and Etoposide] (Induction Period)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Trilaciclib/placebo30
Carboplatin01
Etoposide23
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Any Interrupted Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)

Dose interruptions were defined as interruption of infusion, regardless of whether the study drug was continued after the interruption.

Time frame:
From date of first dose, up to four 21-day cycles of Induction therapy, followed by 21 day cycles of Maintenance therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to 1162 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Any Interrupted Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Number of Participants With Any Interrupted Doses of Atezolizumab (Overall Treatment Period)10
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Any Dose Reductions of Carboplatin and Etoposide (Induction Period)

No dose reductions were allowed for trilaciclib or atezolizumab during the study.

Time frame:
Induction Period. From date of first dose, 21 day treatment cycles to a maximum of 4 cycles or until (if earlier) disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or discontinuation by the patient or investigator, assessed up to a maximum of 409 days.
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Any Dose Reductions of Carboplatin and Etoposide (Induction Period)
ParticipantsTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
Etoposide314
Carboplatin113

Adverse events

Collected over Treatment-emergent adverse events collected beginning with informed consent through 30 days after last dose of study drug. Treatment emergent serious adverse events collected through 90 days after last dose of study drug, assessed up to a maximum of 1192 days (maximum duration of exposure plus 30 days).. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab42/54 (77.8%)17/52 (32.7%)49/52 (94.2%)
Placebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab44/53 (83%)25/53 (47.2%)52/53 (98.1%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 43
Most frequent serious events
EventTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
PneumoniaInfections and infestations3/528/53
NeutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders0/524/53
ThrombocytopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders0/523/53
Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders2/522/53
SepsisInfections and infestations0/522/53
DyspnoeaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders1/522/53
DehydrationMetabolism and nutrition disorders0/522/53
Back painMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/522/53
Urinary Tract InfectionInfections and infestations1/521/53
PneumonitisRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders1/521/53
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 72
Most frequent other events
EventTrilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/Atezolizumab
AnaemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders19/5232/53
NeutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders19/5228/53
ThrombocytopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders7/5221/53
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders20/5218/53
FatigueGeneral disorders16/5220/53
AlopeciaSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders7/5218/53
LeukopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders4/5214/53
Platelet count decreasedInvestigations5/5213/53
DyspnoeaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders8/5213/53
ConstipationGastrointestinal disorders5/5212/53

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
<=18 years000
Between 18 and 65 years272754
>=65 years272653
Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
Mean63 ± 8.464 ± 8.364 ± 8.3
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
Female131932
Male413475
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity, Customized(Participants)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
White5351104
Black or African American011
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander101
Other011
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
Latvia336
United States202242
Ukraine11819
Bulgaria6713
France022
Estonia235
Spain134
Georgia11516
Body Weight at Screening
Body Weight at Screening(kg)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
Mean79.2 ± 17.3272.4 ± 14.4275.8 ± 16.25
Height at Screening
Height at Screening(cm)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
Mean171.1 ± 7.62168.6 ± 10.21169.9 ± 9.04
BMI at Screening
BMI at Screening(kg/m²)Trilaciclib+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabPlacebo+Etoposide/Carboplatin/AtezolizumabTotal
Mean27.10 ± 5.90725.45 ± 4.61826.28 ± 5.347

2 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.

08

Study locations

45 sites
  • Beverly Hills Cancer Center
    Beverly Hills, California 90211, United States
  • St. Jude Heritage Healthcare
    Fullerton, California 92835, United States
  • Loma Linda University
    Loma Linda, California 92350, United States
  • UCLA Medical Center - Santa Monica Hematology And Oncology
    Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
  • Redwood Regional Medical Group (RRMG) - Fountain Grove
    Santa Rosa, California 95403, United States
  • Singing River Health System
    Whittier, California 90603, United States
  • Piedmont Cancer Institute
    Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
  • Northside Hospital - Georgia Cancer Specialists
    Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States
  • Joliet Oncology-Hematology Associates
    Joliet, Illinois 60435, United States
  • Horizon Oncology Center
    Lafayette, Indiana 47905, United States
  • Ochsner Clinic Foundation
    New Orleans, Louisiana 70121, United States
  • St. Louis Cancer Care, LLP, North County
    Bridgeton, Missouri 63044, United States
  • The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center - Center for Advanced Med
    St Louis, Missouri 63110-1094, United States
  • Summit Medical Group, P.A.
    Morristown, New Jersey 07962, United States
  • Northern Westchester Hospital
    Mount Kisco, New York 10549, United States
  • Trinity Health - Trinity CancerCare Center
    Minot, North Dakota 58701, United States
  • Oklahoma University - Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center
    Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
  • Gibbs Cancer Center
    Spartanburg, South Carolina 29303, United States
  • Valley Cancer Associates
    Harlingen, Texas 78550, United States
  • Millennium Oncology
    Houston, Texas 77090, United States
  • Virginia Cancer Specialists
    Arlington, Virginia 22031, United States
  • Blue Ridge Cancer Care
    Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
  • Fort Belvoir Community Hospital
    Fort Belvoir, Virginia 22060, United States
  • Complex Oncology Center - Burgas
    Burgas, 8000, Bulgaria
  • Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Serdika", Sofia
    Sofia, 1303, Bulgaria
  • Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Serdika"
    Sofia, 1303, Bulgaria
  • East Tallinn Central Hospital Ltd., Clinic of Internal Medicine, Center for Oncology
    Tallinn, 11312, Estonia
  • CHU Caen De La Côte De Nacre
    Caen, 14033, France
  • Centre Oscar Lambret
    Lille, 59020, France
  • Daugavpils Regional Hospital, Department of Oncology
    Daugavpils, LV-5417, Latvia
  • Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Oncology Clinic
    Riga, LV-1002, Latvia
  • Hospital Universitario Son Espases
    Palma, Balearic Islands 07120, Spain
  • Hospital Teresa Herrera
    A Coruña, La Coruña 15006, Spain
  • Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda
    Majadahonda, Madrid 28222, Spain
  • Hospital Clínico
    San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain
  • H.U. Quirón Dexeus, Hospital Universitario
    Barcelona, 08028, Spain
  • Hospital Clinic de Barcelona- Servicio de Oncología Médica
    Barcelona, 08036, Spain
  • Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
    Madrid, 28034, Spain
  • Hospital 12 de Octubre
    Madrid, 28041, Spain
  • H. Donostia, Hospital Donostia- Servicio de Oncología
    San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
  • Hospital Universitario Ntra. Sra. de Valme
    Seville, 41014, Spain
  • Hospital Arnau de Vilanova
    Valencia, 46015, Spain
  • Chernivtsi Regional Clinical Oncology Center
    Chernivtsi, 58013, Ukraine
  • Dnipropetrovsk City Multispecialty Clinical Hospital #4
    Dnipro, 49102, Ukraine
  • Lviv State Regional Treatment and Diagnostics Oncology Center
    Lviv, 79031, Ukraine
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Daniel D, Kuchava V, Bondarenko I, Ivashchuk O, Reddy S, Jaal J, Kudaba I, Hart L, Matitashvili A, Pritchett Y, Morris SR, Sorrentino JA, Antal JM, Goldschmidt J. Trilaciclib prior to chemotherapy and atezolizumab in patients with newly diagnosed extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II trial. Int J Cancer. 2021 May 15;148(10):2557-2570. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33453. Epub 2021 Jan 12. PubMed 33348420 ↗
  • Weiss J, Goldschmidt J, Andric Z, Dragnev KH, Gwaltney C, Skaltsa K, Pritchett Y, Antal JM, Morris SR, Daniel D. Effects of Trilaciclib on Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients with Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: Pooled Results from Three Phase II Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Studies. Clin Lung Cancer. 2021 Sep;22(5):449-460. doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2021.03.010. Epub 2021 Mar 26. PubMed 33895103 ↗
  • Abraham I, Onyekwere U, Deniz B, Moran D, Chioda M, MacDonald K, Huang H. Trilaciclib and the economic value of multilineage myeloprotection from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression among patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer treated with first-line chemotherapy. J Med Econ. 2021 Nov;24(sup1):71-83. doi: 10.1080/13696998.2021.2014163. PubMed 34873975 ↗
  • Zeng R, Liu F, Fang C, Yang J, Luo L, Yue P, Gao B, Dong Y, Xiang Y. PIV and PILE Score at Baseline Predict Clinical Outcome of Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor Combined With Chemotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Front Immunol. 2021 Oct 29;12:724443. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.724443. eCollection 2021. PubMed 34777341 ↗
  • Hussein M, Maglakelidze M, Richards DA, Sabatini M, Gersten TA, Lerro K, Sinielnikov I, Spira A, Pritchett Y, Antal JM, Malik R, Beck JT. Myeloprotective Effects of Trilaciclib Among Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer at Increased Risk of Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression: Pooled Results from Three Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Studies. Cancer Manag Res. 2021 Aug 9;13:6207-6218. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S313045. eCollection 2021. PubMed 34408488 ↗
  • Ferrarotto R, Anderson I, Medgyasszay B, Garcia-Campelo MR, Edenfield W, Feinstein TM, Johnson JM, Kalmadi S, Lammers PE, Sanchez-Hernandez A, Pritchett Y, Morris SR, Malik RK, Csoszi T. Trilaciclib prior to chemotherapy reduces the usage of supportive care interventions for chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in patients with small cell lung cancer: Pooled analysis of three randomized phase 2 trials. Cancer Med. 2021 Sep;10(17):5748-5756. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4089. Epub 2021 Aug 18. PubMed 34405547 ↗

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jun 2017 to primary completion in Aug 2018, 13 months.

Results were first posted in May 2022, 3 years 8 months after primary completion. A results delay was requested in Jul 2019.

Of 54 industry-sponsored phase 2 interventional studies under Small Cell Lung Carcinoma, half reached primary completion within 35 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 18 and three quarters within 44. This study's 13 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 204 studies reached it within 46 months; a quarter within 29 and three quarters within 84.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Feb 1, 2017
First posted
Feb 2, 2017
StartActual
Jun 29, 2017
Primary completionActual
Aug 17, 2018
CompletionActual
Oct 29, 2020
Results delay requested
Jul 18, 2019
Results first posted
May 6, 2022
Last update
Sep 25, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 25, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03041311
Collaborators
Roche-Genentech
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Feb 2, 2017
Start date
Jun 29, 2017
Primary completion
Aug 17, 2018
Completion
Oct 29, 2020
Results posted
May 6, 2022
Last update
Sep 25, 2025

Study contacts

Clinical Contact
study director · G1 Therapeutics, Inc.

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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Studies of the drug tested here: Trilaciclib

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