ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT01373580Updated Mar 29, 2018Results posted

A Clinical Trial to Evaluate a Corneal Inlay for the Improvement of Near Vision in Presbyopic Patients

An interventional study of The Raindrop Near Vision Inlay in Presbyopia, sponsored by ReVision Optics, Inc.. Completed at 11 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 35 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-03-29.

Sponsored by ReVision Optics, Inc. · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
373
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
35 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study will be a prospective, multicenter clinical trial in which a total of 400 subjects will be enrolled. All subjects will be followed over a 36 month time frame with a maximum of 15 clinical sites participating. Qualified subjects will provide informed consent for entry into the study.

Read the detailed description

The loss of near vision and the ability to perform tasks that require near vision is part of the normal aging process. This natural transformation in the eye occurs as a result of the loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens, a condition known as presbyopia. Presbyopia, characterized by a progressive, age-related loss of accommodation (i.e., the lens ability to focus clearly over a wide range of distances), is most prevalent of all visual deficiencies, affecting 100% of the population over the course of a normal life span. Loss of accommodation begins early in life and, for an emmetropic eye, generally culminates in a complete loss of functional near vision.

ReVision Optics has developed the Raindrop corneal inlay for the correction of near vision. The Raindrop is a 2mm corneal inlay, as small as a pinhead, thinner than a human hair and about 1/500th of a droplet of water. The inlay is the same refractive index as the human cornea. The inlay is placed in the non-dominant eye,centered over the pupil after a corneal flap (LASIK)has been made. The Raindrop is expected to provide presbyopic subjects with improvement of near and intermediate vision.

02

Conditions studied

  • Presbyopia

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Keywords

  • presbyopia
  • LASIK
  • loss of accommodation
  • Emmetrope
03

In context

Presbyopia

336 studies on the registry are indexed under Presbyopia; 35 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 373 is above the median of 61 across 276 interventional studies indexed under Presbyopia.

Browse Presbyopia studies →

Lead sponsor

ReVision Optics, Inc. is the lead sponsor of 3 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
35 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

must be presbyopic adults, needing from +1.50 to +2.50 or reading add must have uncorrected near visual acuity worse than 20/40 and better than 20/200in the eye to be implanted must have an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/25 or better in both eyes must have a distance visual acuity correctable to 20/20 in both eyes must have a near visual acuity correctable to 20/20 in both eyes must have a manifest refraction spherical equivalent between -0.50 and +1.00D in the eye to be implanted with no more than 0.75D of refractive cylinder must report stable vision, i.e. no change in distance vision and or MRSE within 0.50D over prior 12 months must discontinue hard or rigid gas permeable lenses for at least 3 weeks and discontinue soft lenses for at least 1 week prior to baseline examination must have a minimum central corneal thickness of >500 microns in the eye to be implanted must have a mesopic pupil \< 7.0mm and photopic pupil >3.0mm in the eye to be implanted subjects aged 45 years or younger must have an endothelial cell count

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

Subjects with a difference of >0.75 between the manifest refraction spherical equivalent and the cycloplegic refraction spherical equivalent Subjects with anterior segment pathology, including cataracts, in the non-dominant eye Subjects with residual, recurrent, active ocular or uncontrolled eyelid disease, or any corneal abnormality (including endothelial dystrophy, guttata, recurrent corneal erosion, etc.) in the non-dominant eye Subjects with ophthalmoscopic signs of keratoconus (or keratoconus suspect) in the non-dominant eye Subjects with clinically significant dry eyes, as determined by either the presence of greater than mild symptoms of dryness or discomfort or SPK greater than grade 1 Subjects with distorted or unclear mires on topography maps of the non-dominant eye Subjects with macular degeneration, retinal detachment, or any other fundus pathology that would prevent an acceptable visual outcome in the non-dominant eye Subjects who have undergone LASIK surgery in the non-dominant eye Subjects with a history of herpes zoster or herpes simplex keratitis Subjects who have a history of responsive rise in intraocular pressure, pre-operative IOP>21 mm Hg, glaucoma or are a glaucoma suspect Subjects with a history of diagnosed diabetes, disease, connective tissue disease, or clinically significant atopic syndrome Subjects on chronic systemic corticosteroids or other therapy that may affect wound healing, and any immunocompromised subjects Subjects who are using ophthalmic mediation(s) other than artificial tears for treatment of any ocular pathology Subjects using systemic medications with significant ocular side effects Subjects who are pregnant, lactating, or planning to become pregnant during the course of the study Subjects what are participating in any other ophthalmic drug or device studies during the time of this clinical investigation Subjects with known sensitivity to planned study concomitant medications

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Terms in these criteria, in plain language(4)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

Autoimmune disease

A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.

Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
373 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Raindrop

    A single-arm study to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2 mm corneal inlay (Raindrop Near Vision Inlay) for the treatment of presbyopia (age-related near vision loss). The anterior curvature of the cornea is re-shaped after implanting the Raindrop Near Vision Inlay in the non-dominant eye under a femtosecond laser flap to improve near vision.

    Device: The Raindrop Near Vision Inlay

Interventions

  • DeviceThe Raindrop Near Vision Inlay

    The Raindrop Near Vision Inlay is implanted in the cornea for treatment of presbyopia

    Also known as: Presbylens

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants With Improvement in Uncorrected Near Visual Acuity (20/40 or Better) in the Implanted Eye

    75% of participants should achieve uncorrected near visual acuity in the implanted eye of 20/40 or better as compared to preoperative baseline

    Time frame: 24 Months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants With no or Minimal Loss of Best Corrected Visual Acuity in the Implanted Eye

    Less than 5% of participants should lose more than two lines of best corrected distance and near visual acuity in the implanted eye; and less than 1% of participants with preoperative best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BCDVA) of 20/20 in the implanted eye should have best corrected distance and near visual acuity worse than 20/40 in the implanted eye at 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits.

    Time frame: at 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits

  2. Number of Participants With Induced Manifest Refractive Astigmatism in the Implanted Eye

    Less than 5% of participants should have postoperative manifest refractive astigmatism in the implanted eye that increases from baseline by greater than 2.00 D at 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits.

    Time frame: At 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits

07

Results

Posted Mar 29, 2018

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneRaindrop
Started373
Completed317
Not completed56

Outcome measures

PrimaryNumber of Participants With Improvement in Uncorrected Near Visual Acuity (20/40 or Better) in the Implanted Eye

75% of participants should achieve uncorrected near visual acuity in the implanted eye of 20/40 or better as compared to preoperative baseline

Time frame:
24 Months
Reported as:
Number · Count of Participants
Number of Participants With Improvement in Uncorrected Near Visual Acuity (20/40 or Better) in the Implanted Eye
Count of ParticipantsRaindrop
Number of Participants With Improvement in Uncorrected Near Visual Acuity (20/40 or Better) in the Implanted Eye336
SecondaryNumber of Participants With no or Minimal Loss of Best Corrected Visual Acuity in the Implanted Eye

Less than 5% of participants should lose more than two lines of best corrected distance and near visual acuity in the implanted eye; and less than 1% of participants with preoperative best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BCDVA) of 20/20 in the implanted eye should have best corrected distance and near visual acuity worse than 20/40 in the implanted eye at 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits.

Time frame:
at 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits
Reported as:
Number · Count of Participants
Number of Participants With no or Minimal Loss of Best Corrected Visual Acuity in the Implanted Eye
Count of ParticipantsRaindrop
# of participants@6M w/loss >/= 2 lines of BCVA0
# of participants@9M w/loss >/= 2 lines of BCVA1
# of participants@12M w/loss >/= 2 lines of BCVA1
# of participants@18M w/loss>/= 2 lines of BCVA1
# of participant@24M w/loss >/= 2 lines of BCVA1
# of participants@6M w/BCDVA or BCNVA < 20/400
# of participants@9M w/BCDVA or BCNVA < 20/401
# of participants@12M w/BCDVA or BCNVA < 20/400
# of participants@18M w/BCDVA or BCNVA < 20/400
# of participants@24M w/BCDVA or BCNVA < 20/400
SecondaryNumber of Participants With Induced Manifest Refractive Astigmatism in the Implanted Eye

Less than 5% of participants should have postoperative manifest refractive astigmatism in the implanted eye that increases from baseline by greater than 2.00 D at 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits.

Time frame:
At 6 months postoperative and all subsequent visits
Reported as:
Number · Count of Participants
Number of Participants With Induced Manifest Refractive Astigmatism in the Implanted Eye
Count of ParticipantsRaindrop
#of participants@6M w/>2D increase in astigmatism0
#of participants@9M w/>2D increase in astigmatism0
#of participants@12M w/>2D increase in astigmatism0
#of participants@18M w/>2D increase in astigmatism0
#of participants@24M w/>2D increase in astigmatism0

Adverse events

Collected over Day 1, Week 1, Months 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Raindrop1/373 (0.3%)25/373 (6.7%)115/373 (30.8%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 12
Most frequent serious events
EventRaindrop
Hospitalization secondary to heart diseaseCardiac disorders10/373
Hospitalization secondary to other surgerySurgical and medical procedures8/373
Hospitalization due to adverse reaction to medicationGeneral disorders2/373
DeathGeneral disorders1/373
Hospitalization due to Ischemic ColitisGastrointestinal disorders1/373
Hospitalization due to PneumoniaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders1/373
Hospitalization for Transient Ischemic AttackNervous system disorders1/373
Hospitalization for elevated blood sugarBlood and lymphatic system disorders1/373
Hospitalization for fainting/upper extremity pain - no formal diagnosisGeneral disorders1/373
Infection secondary to achilles tendon surgeryMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders1/373
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 14
Most frequent other events
EventRaindrop
Secondary Surgical InterventionEye disorders54/373
Loss in BCDVA of > 2 lines (11 letters or more) at 3 months or laterEye disorders14/373
Epithelial ingrowthEye disorders11/373
Ocular infectionEye disorders7/373
Increase in Intraocular Pressure of greater than 10mmHg above baselineEye disorders7/373
Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis (DLK)Eye disorders6/373
Late onset of haze beyond 6 months with loss of 2 lines (10 letters) or more BCVAEye disorders4/373
Anterior UveitisEye disorders4/373
Cataract (with loss in BCDVA greater than or equal to 2 lines at any timeEye disorders2/373
Corneal Epithelial Defect Involving the KeratectomyEye disorders2/373

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(Years)Raindrop
Mean51.3 ± 4.3
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Raindrop
Female204
Male169
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity, Customized(Participants)Raindrop
Caucasian290
African American10
Asian6
Hispanic52
Other15
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(Participants)Raindrop
United States373
08

Study locations

11 sites
  • Dougherty Laser Vision
    Camarillo, California 93010, United States
  • Harvard Eye Associates
    Laguna Hills, California 92653, United States
  • Coastal Vision
    Newport Beach, California 92660, United States
  • Jon G. Dishler, M.D.
    Greenwood Village, Colorado 80111, United States
  • Eyesight Hawaai
    Honolulu, Hawaii 96816, United States
  • Chu Vision
    Bloomington, Minnesota 55420, United States
  • Key-Whitman Eye Center
    Dallas, Texas 75204, United States
  • Carter Eye Center
    Dallas, Texas 75205, United States
  • Slade and Baker Vision Center
    Houston, Texas 77027, United States
  • Lehmann Eye Center
    Nacogdoches, Texas 75965, United States
  • NuVision.
    San Antonio, Texas 78229, United States
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Whitman J, Dougherty PJ, Parkhurst GD, Olkowski J, Slade SG, Hovanesian J, Chu R, Dishler J, Tran DB, Lehmann R, Carter H, Steinert RF, Koch DD. Treatment of Presbyopia in Emmetropes Using a Shape-Changing Corneal Inlay: One-Year Clinical Outcomes. Ophthalmology. 2016 Mar;123(3):466-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.11.011. Epub 2016 Jan 27. PubMed 26804761 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 29, 2018, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01373580
Lead sponsor
ReVision Optics, Inc.
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 15, 2011
Start date
Apr 2010
Primary completion
Dec 2016
Completion
Dec 2016
Results posted
Mar 29, 2018
Last update
Mar 29, 2018

Study contacts

Steven G Slade, M.D.
principal investigator
Jon G Dishler, MD
principal investigator
John Olkowski, M.D.
principal investigator
Dan B Tran, M.D.
principal investigator
Ralph Y Chu, M.D.
principal investigator
Jeffrey Whitman, M.D.
principal investigator
Robert P Lehmann, M.D.
principal investigator
Gregory Parkhurst, M.D
principal investigator · Unaffilliated
Harvey L Carter, III, M.D.
principal investigator · Unaffilliated
Paul Dougherty, M.D.
principal investigator · Unaffilliated
John Hovanesian, M.D.
principal investigator · Unaffilliated

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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