ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT07908706SMARPPUpdated Nov 2, 2026

Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Approach Based Psychoeducation Program on Social Media Addiction and Automatic Thoughts in Nursing Students

An interventional study of SMARPP in Mesh and Problematic Social Media Use; Social Media Addiction; Negative Automatic Thoughts, sponsored by Igdir University. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-02.

Sponsored by Igdir University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 2 years 10 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Dec 2023, registered Oct 2026).
Updated Nov 2, 2026Newly registeredGo to Updates ↓
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
70
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 63 studies in Internet Addiction Disorder with a site in Turkey — 13 open to participants now, 14 under way, none of them phase 3. Internet Addiction Disorder · Turkey.

Enrollment
15th of 23
70 · median 76
Started
2023
with 10 others
No phase
23 of 63
4 open now
Registered
63rd of 63
by date

Among the 63 studies in Internet Addiction Disorder with a site in Turkey, this one is the 15th largest by enrollment of the 23 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 11 that started in 2023, is one of 23 with no phase, and was the 63rd registered.

Internet Addiction Disorder

166 studies on the registry are indexed under Internet Addiction Disorder; 47 are open to participants now.

Browse Internet Addiction Disorder studies →

Open to participants now

13 of the 63 studies in Internet Addiction Disorder with a site in Turkey are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

8 more — sign in →

All 13 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Turkey have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Turkey →

Who these studies take

Of the 21 Internet Addiction Disorder studies recruiting now, 4 (19%) set no upper age limit and 17 (81%) stop at 75 or younger; 7 take children under 18; 12 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

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02

Study summary

Background: Social media use is common among young people. However, uncontrolled use may become problematic and adversely affect psychological well-being and academic functioning, and cognitive behavioral approaches are a promising means of reducing problematic social media use.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based psychoeducation programme (the Social Media Addiction Reduction Psychoeducation Programme- SMARPP) on problematic social media use and automatic thoughts in nursing students with mild-to-moderate problematic use. SMARPP was designed as an indicated preventive intervention, not as a treatment for clinically significant addiction.

Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 70 nursing students were allocated to an intervention (n = 35) or a no-intervention control (n = 35) group; 66 students (33 per group) completed all assessments. Data were collected using a general information form, Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS), and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ). Group × time effects were analysed using linear mixed-effects models, and adjusted between-group differences were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and Hedges' g; nonparametric analyses were retained as sensitivity analyses.

03

Conditions studied

  • Mesh
  • Problematic Social Media Use; Social Media Addiction; Negative Automatic Thoughts

Keywords

  • Problematic Social Media Use
  • Psychoeducation
  • Psychiatric Nursing.
  • Automatic Thoughts
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • First- or fourth-year student in the Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Igdir University
  • Social Media Addiction Scale score between 74 and 139 (mild-to-moderate problematic use)
  • Aged 18 years or older
  • Written

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Social Media Addiction Scale score of 140 or above (referred for individual clinical assessment)
  • Incomplete completion of the data collection instruments
  • Request to withdraw from the study during data collection
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
70 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    SMARPP group

    Students received the six-session CBT-based group psychoeducation programme (one 90-minute session per week for six weeks).

    Behavioral: SMARPP

  • No intervention
    Control group

    Students received no intervention during the study period and completed the same assessments at the same time points.

Interventions

  • BehavioralSMARPP

    SMARPP (Social Media Addiction Reduction Psychoeducation Programme). Description: A manualized six-session cognitive behavioral group psychoeducation programme (90 minutes, once weekly) covering psychoeducation on problematic social media use, goal setting, the event-thought-emotion-behavior link, identification and restructuring of negative automatic thoughts, and relapse prevention review, with weekly homework worksheets. Other name: Cognitive Behavioral Approach-Based Psychoeducation Programme.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Problematic social media use (Social Media Addiction Scale total score)

    SMAS, 41 items, 5-point Likert; total score range 41-205; higher scores indicate more severe problematic social media use.

    Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), and 3 months after the end of the intervention

Secondary outcomes

  1. Negative automatic thoughts (Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire total score)

    ATQ, 30 items, 5-point Likert; total score range 30-150; higher scores indicate more frequent negative automatic thoughts.

    Time frame: Baseline, post-intervention (week 6), and 3 months after the end of the intervention

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Iğdır University
    Iğdır, Merkez 00076, Turkey (Türkiye)
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Durar E, Soylu FK. The Effect of the Cognitive-Behavioral Approach-Based Psychoeducation Program on Social Media Addiction and Self-Control of University Students Receiving Health Education. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2026 Aug;39(3):e70062. doi: 10.1111/jcap.70062. PubMed 42363867 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

1 registry update since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Dec 2023 to primary completion in Apr 2024, 4 months.

Of 72 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Internet Addiction Disorder, half reached primary completion within 6 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 3 and three quarters within 10. This study's 4 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 72 studies reached it within 6 months; a quarter within 3 and three quarters within 10.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Oct 26, 2026
First posted
Nov 2, 2026
StartActual
Dec 18, 2023
Primary completionActual
Apr 30, 2024
CompletionActual
Jul 20, 2024
Last update
Nov 2, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
Registered
First appeared on the registry. No changes since
Nov 2, 2026
Show all 1 update
  1. Nov 2, 2026
    First appeared on the registry

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07908706
Lead sponsor
Igdir University
Responsible party
ERKAN DURAR (assistant professor, Igdir University) — Principal investigator
First posted
Nov 2, 2026
Start date
Dec 18, 2023
Primary completion
Apr 30, 2024
Completion
Jul 20, 2024
Last update
Nov 2, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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