An observational study in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (HIV), sponsored by Hospices Civils de Lyon. Not yet recruiting. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-30.
Sponsored by Hospices Civils de Lyon · Observational
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a chronic condition requiring lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite prolonged virological control under suppressive ART, HIV persists in the form of a stable viral reservoir known as the 'integrated' reservoir, mainly localised in CD4+ memory T cells, which constitutes the obstacle to a functional or sterilising cure of the infection. The immunological mechanisms involved in the control, stability or gradual depletion of this reservoir are still not fully understood.
Among the cellular populations of the innate immune system, Natural Killer (NK) cells play an important role in the trajectory of the reservoir by having the ability to eliminate HIV-infected cells. However, several studies have shown that these NK cells exhibit variable capabilities in eliminating such cells, suggesting that inter-individual heterogeneity in innate immune responses may contribute to the observed differences in the size and persistence of the viral reservoir in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on long-term suppressive ART. Functionally, interactions between NK cell receptors and class I HLA molecules (HLA I) strongly modulate the education, repertoire and effector functions of NK cells, indicating that the immunogenetics of the host's HLA I alleles is therefore a major determinant of this variability. Certain receptor/HLA I combinations, notably receptors known as KIRs, have been associated with differences in the progression of HIV infection and immunovirological control. Consequently, their role in the dynamics of the viral reservoir during prolonged suppressive ART needs to be explored. Finally, biological sex significantly influences anti-HIV immune responses, with females showing a favourable response. Whilst sex differences in NK cell function and immune activation have been described, the impact of biological sex on the dynamics of the HIV reservoir under prolonged suppressive ART remains largely unknown and requires further investigation
The target population consists of adults aged 18 years or over living with HIV who are being monitored by the Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases at the Hospices Civils de Lyon and who have been receiving prolonged, continuous, suppressive antiviral treatment for at least five full years.
Participants must meet the following criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Adult patients living with HIV who have been receiving prolonged, continuous, suppressive antiviral treatment for at least five full years.
Biological: Blood test
A 50 ml venous blood sample is taken upon the participant's enrolment
Identifying immune profiles associated with better control of this reservoir.
The primary endpoint is a composite measure combining the phenotypic and functional characterisation of NK cells and related cells of the innate immune system, and the number of mononuclear cells infected with HIV provirus (reservoir).
Time frame: Day 1
No study locations are listed for this record.
This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Sep 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome→
Hospices Civils de Lyon