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Not yet recruitingNCT07848529CEC-PPMIUpdated Sep 30, 2026

Clinical Evidence With Biomarker Confirmation for PPMI in PCI Clinical Trials Study

An observational study in Peri-procedural Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure Hospitalization and Mortality, sponsored by Baim Institute for Clinical Research. Not yet recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-30.

Sponsored by Baim Institute for Clinical Research · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,000
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The goal of this prospective, multicenter, non-randomized observational study is to better identify and understand periprocedural myocardial injury among adults undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for stable coronary artery disease or stabilized non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Can a clinical criteria checklist identify patients with an increased likelihood of cardiac biomarker elevation following PCI?
  • Are positive clinical criteria and different post-PCI levels of troponin I, troponin T, and CK-MB associated with all-cause mortality or hospitalization for heart failure at one year? Researchers will compare participants with a positive clinical criteria checklist with those with a negative checklist to assess differences in post-PCI biomarker elevations and one-year clinical outcomes. Outcomes will also be compared between participants discharged on the same day and those hospitalized overnight.

Participants will:

  • Undergo PCI using commercially approved devices according to local standards of care.
  • Have blood samples collected before and after PCI to measure cardiac biomarkers.
  • Have relevant clinical and PCI procedural information collected, including completion of a clinical criteria checklist by the study team before discharge.
  • Be followed for one year to determine whether they have died from any cause or been hospitalized for heart failure.
Read the detailed description

Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PPMI) is commonly included as an outcome in clinical trials involving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, uncertainty remains regarding the most appropriate cardiac biomarker, biomarker threshold, and accompanying clinical criteria to use when defining PPMI. The increasing use of high-sensitivity troponin assays has further complicated the interpretation of cardiac biomarker elevations after PCI. Lower biomarker thresholds may identify a relatively large proportion of patients, but the clinical significance of these elevations and their relationship with subsequent adverse outcomes remain uncertain.

Several definitions of PPMI are currently used, including the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction, the Academic Research Consortium-2 (ARC-2) definition, and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) definition. These definitions differ in their required biomarker thresholds and in how clinical evidence of periprocedural ischemia is incorporated. In addition, routine collection of serial post-PCI biomarkers can be challenging in contemporary practice, particularly because many patients are discharged on the same day as their procedure. Differences among cardiac biomarkers, including troponin I, troponin T, and creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), may also affect the frequency with which PPMI is diagnosed.

CEC-PPMI is a prospective, multicenter, non-randomized cohort study designed to evaluate the relationship among clinical evidence of periprocedural ischemia, cardiac biomarker elevation after PCI, and adverse clinical outcomes at one year. The study will enroll up to 1,000 adults at up to 20 clinical sites in the United States. An adaptive enrollment design will be used to ensure that at least 250 participants have positive clinical criteria.

Eligible participants will have stable coronary artery disease, including stable angina or functional evidence of ischemia, or stabilized non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, and will be undergoing PCI. The PCI procedure will be performed according to local standards of care using commercially approved devices or devices being evaluated under an applicable investigational device exemption. The study does not assign a specific PCI device, treatment strategy, or medical therapy. The study will not analyze outcomes according to a specific device or manufacturer.

Before PCI, participants will provide informed consent. Baseline demographic information, clinical characteristics, and procedural and lesion-related information will also be collected.

All participants will have cardiac biomarker samples collected before PCI and approximately 4 to 6 hours after PCI. Participants who remain hospitalized will have an additional sample collected approximately 12 to 24 hours after PCI. All samples will be sent to and analyzed at a central laboratory for CK-MB, troponin T, and troponin I. Centralized analysis will allow direct comparison of these biomarkers using samples collected at the same time, with each participant serving as a matched control.

After PCI, the study team will complete a clinical criteria checklist. The checklist will identify clinical evidence potentially consistent with periprocedural myocardial ischemia, including relevant symptoms, electrocardiographic findings, and angiographic complications. The study team will also document whether the participant is planned for same-day discharge or hospitalization for at least one night.

Baseline lesion characteristics and PCI-related angiographic findings will be evaluated by an independent angiographic core laboratory. Assessments will include lesion length, bifurcation involvement, thrombus, percentage diameter stenosis, dissection, side-branch occlusion, distal embolization, and slow coronary flow. Agreement between clinical-site reporting and independent core-laboratory assessment of angiographic complications will be examined.

Participants will be categorized according to the result of the clinical criteria checklist and their planned post-PCI disposition. The four prespecified groups are:

  • Negative clinical criteria and same-day discharge.
  • Negative clinical criteria and hospitalization.
  • Positive clinical criteria and same-day discharge.
  • Positive clinical criteria and hospitalization. The primary endpoint is elevation of troponin I or troponin T to greater than five times the assay-specific upper reference limit following PCI, based on central laboratory measurements. The primary comparison will evaluate the frequency of this biomarker elevation among participants with positive clinical criteria compared with participants with negative clinical criteria.

The key secondary endpoint is the composite of all-cause mortality or hospitalization for heart failure at one year. This outcome will be compared between participants with positive and negative clinical criteria. The individual components of the composite endpoint will also be evaluated.

Additional analyses will examine:

  • The distribution and magnitude of troponin I and troponin T elevations after PCI.
  • The relationship between different biomarker thresholds and one-year all-cause mortality or hospitalization for heart failure.
  • Differences in biomarker elevations and clinical outcomes between participants planned for same-day discharge and those planned for hospitalization.
  • The frequency of PPMI according to the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction, ARC-2, and SCAI definitions.
  • Differences in the frequency of PPMI according to the biomarker used, including troponin I, troponin T, and CK-MB.
  • The effect of positive or negative clinical criteria on the relationship between post-PCI biomarker elevation and one-year clinical outcomes.
  • The association between elevated baseline biomarker levels and one-year all-cause mortality or hospitalization for heart failure.
  • The correlation among CK-MB, troponin T, and troponin I based on central laboratory measurements.
  • Agreement between clinical-site and angiographic core-laboratory reporting of PCI-related complications.
  • Whether participants with negative clinical criteria and planned same-day discharge represent a low-risk group with a reduced incidence of adverse clinical outcomes at one year.

Follow-up at one year to assess vital status and whether hospitalization for heart failure has occurred will be completed using a direct-to-participant remote approach. If contact with the participant is unsuccessful, an alternate contact will be approached. If this is also unsuccessful, a series of additional follow-up methods, as permitted by the participant's consent and applicable requirements, will be used to ascertain the secondary endpoint.

The study is intended to clarify whether a standardized, clinically driven assessment can help identify patients at increased risk for meaningful cardiac biomarker elevation after PCI and whether combining clinical criteria with specific biomarker thresholds improves the identification of patients at risk for adverse outcomes. The findings may also inform future definitions of PPMI and reduce the burden and missing data associated with routine serial biomarker collection in PCI clinical trials.

02

Conditions studied

  • Peri-procedural Myocardial Infarction
  • Heart Failure Hospitalization
  • Mortality
  • Stable Angina Pectoris
  • Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)

Keywords

  • PCI
  • Coronary artery disease
  • biomarkers
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Based on the results of the clinical criteria checklist and clinical team decision regarding same day discharge or planned hospitalization, there will be 4 study groups identified: Negative checklist/Same day discharge; Negative checklist/Hospitalization; Positive checklist/Same day discharge; Positive checklist/Hospitalization.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Subject age is ≥ 18 years or minimum legal age as required by local regulations.
  2. Documented stable angina or functional testing demonstrating ischemia; or stabilized non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome defined as negative or confirmed declining site determined biomarker.
  3. Subject is eligible for dual anti-platelet therapy treatment with aspirin plus either, clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor.
  4. Life expectancy >1 year in opinion of investigator.
  5. Subject is willing and able to provide informed consent and comply with study procedures and required follow-up evaluations.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. ST elevation myocardial infarction within 7 days
  2. Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction without stable or declining biomarkers.
  3. Previous percutaneous coronary intervention within 7 days.
  4. Inability to comply with recommended duration of dual anti-platelet therapy.
  5. Decompensated heart failure.
04

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
1,000 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Same day discharge with positive clinical checklist

    Patients with a positive checklist and same day discharge

    Diagnostic Test: Biomarker testing

  • Hospitalization with negative clinical checklist

    Patients with a negative checklist and hospitalization

    Diagnostic Test: Biomarker testing

  • Same day discharge with negative clinical checklist

    Patients with a negative clinical checklist and same day discharge

    Diagnostic Test: Biomarker testing

  • Hospitalization with positive clinical checklist

    Patients with a positive clinical checklist and hospitalization

    Diagnostic Test: Biomarker testing

Interventions

  • Diagnostic testBiomarker testing

    CKMB, Troponin T and Troponin I levels

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. The rate of elevation of troponin I or T > 5 times the upper reference limit (URL)

    The primary endpoint is the rate of elevation of troponin I or T \> 5 times the upper reference limit (URL). The primary comparison will be for the group with positive clinical criteria checklist versus the group with negative clinical criteria checklist based on central laboratory assessment.

    Time frame: Peri-procedural, up to 24 hours

Secondary outcomes

  1. All-cause mortality at 1 year

    All-cause mortality at 1 year. The primary comparison will be for the group with positive clinical criteria checklist versus the group with negative clinical criteria checklist.

    Time frame: 1 year

Other outcomes

  1. Biomarker Analyses

    * Distribution of CK-MB, troponin T and troponin I normalized as a ratio to the URL of each assay (mean ± SD, median, interquartile range). * Proportion of subjects with troponin T or I elevation \> 5 times the URL in patients without hospitalization (same day discharge) compared with patients planned for hospitalization. Assess impact of second sample at 12-24 hours. * Frequency of troponin T versus troponin I elevations (\<3 times URL; 3-5 times URL; \>5-10 times URL; \>10-35 times URL; \>35-70 times URL; \>70 times URL) overall and stratified by positive clinical criteria.

    Time frame: Peri-procedural, up to 24 hours.

  2. One-Year Clinical Outcome Analyses

    * Composite of all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalization for positive clinical criteria versus negative clinical criteria. Unadjusted and adjusted for clinical and baseline lesion characteristics. * Mortality or heart failure hospitalization composite and components at 1 year for planned hospitalization versus same day discharge. * One year mortality or heart failure hospitalization composite and components by biomarker threshold (\<3 times URL; 3-5 times URL; \>5-10 times URL; \>10-35 times URL; \>35-70 times URL; \>70 times URL) Troponin T, Troponin I, CKMB

    Time frame: 1 year

  3. Frequency of PPMI

    Frequency of PPMI according to various definitions. * 4th Universal (+ clinical criteria only) Troponin I or T, Troponin T, Troponin I * ARC II (\>35 x URL for troponin with + clinical criteria or \>5x ULN for CKMB with + clinical criteria) Troponin I or T, Troponin T, Troponin I, CKMB * SCAI Troponin I or T \>70 times URL, Troponin T \>70 times URL, Troponin I \>70 times URL, CKMB \>10 times URL

    Time frame: Up to 24 hours

06

Study locations

1 site
07

References and documents

Publications

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  • Novack V, Pencina M, Cohen DJ, Kleiman NS, Yen CH, Saucedo JF, Berger PB, Cutlip DE. Troponin criteria for myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention. Arch Intern Med. 2012 Mar 26;172(6):502-8. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2275. Epub 2012 Feb 27. PubMed 22371874 ↗
  • Saucedo JF, Mehran R, Dangas G, Hong MK, Lansky A, Kent KM, Satler LF, Pichard AD, Stone GW, Leon MB. Long-term clinical events following creatine kinase--myocardial band isoenzyme elevation after successful coronary stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 Apr;35(5):1134-41. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00513-1. PubMed 10758952 ↗
  • Garcia-Garcia HM, McFadden EP, Farb A, Mehran R, Stone GW, Spertus J, Onuma Y, Morel MA, van Es GA, Zuckerman B, Fearon WF, Taggart D, Kappetein AP, Krucoff MW, Vranckx P, Windecker S, Cutlip D, Serruys PW; Academic Research Consortium. Standardized End Point Definitions for Coronary Intervention Trials: The Academic Research Consortium-2 Consensus Document. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jun 14;39(23):2192-2207. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy223. PubMed 29897428 ↗
  • Moussa ID, Klein LW, Shah B, Mehran R, Mack MJ, Brilakis ES, Reilly JP, Zoghbi G, Holper E, Stone GW; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions. Consideration of a new definition of clinically relevant myocardial infarction after coronary revascularization: an expert consensus document from the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 Jan 1;83(1):27-36. doi: 10.1002/ccd.25135. Epub 2013 Oct 16. PubMed 23894025 ↗
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  • Ioannidis JP, Karvouni E, Katritsis DG. Mortality risk conferred by small elevations of creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme after percutaneous coronary intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Oct 15;42(8):1406-11. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(03)01044-1. PubMed 14563583 ↗
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  • Abdelmeguid AE, Ellis SG, Sapp SK, Whitlow PL, Topol EJ. Defining the appropriate threshold of creatine kinase elevation after percutaneous coronary interventions. Am Heart J. 1996 Jun;131(6):1097-105. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(96)90083-6. PubMed 8644587 ↗
  • Klein LW, Kramer BL, Howard E, Lesch M. Incidence and clinical significance of transient creatine kinase elevations and the diagnosis of non-Q wave myocardial infarction associated with coronary angioplasty. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991 Mar 1;17(3):621-6. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(10)80174-3. PubMed 1993778 ↗
  • Oh JK, Shub C, Ilstrup DM, Reeder GS. Creatine kinase release after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Am Heart J. 1985 Jun;109(6):1225-31. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(85)90343-6. PubMed 3159245 ↗
  • Kugelmass AD, Cohen DJ, Moscucci M, Piana RN, Senerchia C, Kuntz RE, Baim DS. Elevation of the creatine kinase myocardial isoform following otherwise successful directional coronary atherectomy and stenting. Am J Cardiol. 1994 Oct 15;74(8):748-54. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(94)90427-8. PubMed 7942542 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07848529
Lead sponsor
Baim Institute for Clinical Research
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 30, 2026
Start date
Dec 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Dec 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2029 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 30, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
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