ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT07811674Updated Sep 10, 2026

Plantar Stimulation, Whole-Body Vibration, and Baduanjin for Muscle Activation

An interventional study of Whole-body Vibration Training,Whole-Body Vibration With Regional Plantar Stimulation,Baduanjin in Flat Feet, Lower-Limb Muscle Activation and Neuromuscular Response, sponsored by Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Recruiting at 1 site in China. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 25 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-10.

Sponsored by Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
30
Allocation
Non-randomized
Ages
18 Years to 25 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study will examine how different short-term exercise and vibration conditions affect lower-limb muscle activity in young adults with flat feet and young adults with normal feet.

Participants will complete several conditions, including whole-body vibration, whole-body vibration combined with plantar stimulation under different areas of the foot, and a Baduanjin heel-raise exercise. Surface electromyography sensors will be placed on the skin over selected lower-limb muscles to record muscle activity before and during each condition. Each participant will complete all study conditions in a balanced order.

This study does not aim to treat flat feet or evaluate long-term clinical benefits. The purpose is to collect preliminary information on immediate muscle activation and foot discomfort, which may help design future studies on foot-related exercise, plantar stimulation, and rehabilitation training.

Read the detailed description

This is a prospective, exploratory, self-controlled crossover study designed to investigate the immediate effects of different exercise and vibration-based conditions on lower-limb muscle activation.

Flat feet may be associated not only with structural changes of the foot arch, but also with altered neuromuscular control of the lower limb. Whole-body vibration provides a standardized mechanical stimulus, while Baduanjin heel-raise exercise represents an active movement-based training condition. Because the plantar surface is an important sensory input area, this study will also examine whether adding regional plantar stimulation to whole-body vibration produces different muscle activation patterns compared with whole-body vibration alone.

Participants will be classified as having flat feet or normal feet based on foot type assessment. Each participant will complete all study conditions in a balanced order, including whole-body vibration alone, whole-body vibration combined with stimulation of different plantar regions, and Baduanjin heel-raise exercise. Surface electromyography will be used to record lower-limb muscle activity before and during each condition.

This study is not designed to evaluate treatment efficacy or long-term clinical outcomes. Its purpose is to collect preliminary mechanistic data on immediate neuromuscular responses, which may inform future studies on plantar stimulation, vibration training, and individualized rehabilitation strategies.

02

Conditions studied

  • Flat Feet
  • Lower-Limb Muscle Activation
  • Neuromuscular Response

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Keywords

  • Whole-Body Vibration
  • Regional Plantar Stimulation
  • Baduanjin
  • Surface Electromyography
  • Foot type
03

In context

Flatfoot

173 studies on the registry are indexed under Flatfoot; 44 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 30 is below the median of 40 across 122 interventional studies indexed under Flatfoot.

Browse Flatfoot studies →

Lead sponsor

Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University is the lead sponsor of 490 studies on the registry; 214 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 25 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. College students aged 18 to 25, regardless of gender
  2. agree to participate in the study and voluntarily sign the form
  3. and are deemed suitable to participate in this study by the researchers.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Persons with severe cardiovascular diseases, motor dysfunction or cognitive disorders
  2. persons who have suffered severe trauma or been hospitalized recently and are unsuitable for exercise testing
  3. persons with congenital lower limb or spinal deformities affecting foot posture other than flatfoot
  4. persons with a medical history of muscular, neurological or skeletal system disorders affecting foot posture other than flatfoot
  5. persons deemed ineligible to participate in this study by the investigators
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Non-randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
30 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Flatfoot Group

    Participants will complete three types of study conditions. In the whole-body vibration (WBV) condition, they will stand barefoot at the center of the vibration platform with feet about 20 cm apart, knees flexed at 20°-25°, arms relaxed, head and neck neutral, eyes forward, and body weight evenly distributed. WBV will be delivered at 20 Hz and 2 mm for 60 seconds. For WBV plus regional plantar stimulation, the same posture and WBV parameters will be used. A plantar stimulation module will be placed on the platform, and participants will position the assigned plantar region on the module. Four regions will be stimulated separately: toe region, metatarsal head region, medial plantar/tibial-side region, and lateral plantar/fibular-side region. Each condition will last 60 seconds. For the Baduanjin condition, participants will perform the "Bei Hou Qi Dian Bai Bing Xiao" heel-raise movement under professional guidance, with 6 repetitions completed within 60 seconds.

    Other: Whole-body Vibration Training,Whole-Body Vibration With Regional Plantar Stimulation,Baduanjin

  • Active comparator
    Normal Foot Group

    Participants will complete three types of study conditions. In the whole-body vibration (WBV) condition, they will stand barefoot at the center of the vibration platform with feet about 20 cm apart, knees flexed at 20°-25°, arms relaxed, head and neck neutral, eyes forward, and body weight evenly distributed. WBV will be delivered at 20 Hz and 2 mm for 60 seconds. For WBV plus regional plantar stimulation, the same posture and WBV parameters will be used. A plantar stimulation module will be placed on the platform, and participants will position the assigned plantar region on the module. Four regions will be stimulated separately: toe region, metatarsal head region, medial plantar/tibial-side region, and lateral plantar/fibular-side region. Each condition will last 60 seconds. For the Baduanjin condition, participants will perform the "Bei Hou Qi Dian Bai Bing Xiao" heel-raise movement under professional guidance, with 6 repetitions completed within 60 seconds.

    Other: Whole-body Vibration Training,Whole-Body Vibration With Regional Plantar Stimulation,Baduanjin

Interventions

  • OtherWhole-body Vibration Training,Whole-Body Vibration With Regional Plantar Stimulation,Baduanjin

    Participants will complete three types of intervention conditions. In the whole-body vibration condition, participants will stand barefoot on a vibration platform with feet about 20 cm apart and knees flexed at 20°-25°. Vibration will be delivered at 20 Hz and 2 mm for 60 seconds. In the whole-body vibration with regional plantar stimulation condition, the same vibration parameters and posture will be used, while a plantar stimulation module is placed on the platform. Four plantar regions will be stimulated separately: the toe region, metatarsal head region, medial plantar region, and lateral plantar region. In the Baduanjin condition, participants will perform a heel-raise movement derived from Baduanjin under professional guidance, completing six repetitions within 60 seconds.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Root Mean Square Value

    Electrodes were placed per SENIAM standards (2000 Hz sampling, 20-450 Hz band-pass and 50 Hz band-stop filtering). Data were collected during a 30 s resting baseline and the 30-60 s stable phase of intervention. After offline full-wave rectification, RMS was calculated using a 200 ms sliding window (100 ms step). Mean RMS within each epoch was adopted as the representative value.

    Time frame: Day 1: from the resting baseline immediately before each intervention condition through completion of that intervention condition.

Other outcomes

  1. Integrated Electromyography

    discharge during the resting baseline phase (stable signals for 60 consecutive seconds) before each intervention mode and the entire intervention period (60 seconds) during intervention, namely the area under the curve of electromyographic signals after full-wave rectification, which reflects the overall activation level.

    Time frame: Day 1: from the resting baseline immediately before each intervention condition through completion of that intervention condition.

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Ritzmann R, Gollhofer A, Kramer A. The influence of vibration type, frequency, body position and additional load on the neuromuscular activity during whole body vibration. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013 Jan;113(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s00421-012-2402-0. Epub 2012 Apr 27. PubMed 22538279 ↗
  • Segura A, Donly KJ, Stratmann RG. Enamel remineralization on teeth adjacent to Class II glass ionomer restorations. Am J Dent. 1997 Oct;10(5):247-50. PubMed 9522700 ↗
  • Kirmizi M, Sengul YS, Akcali O, Angin S. Effects of foot exercises and customized arch support insoles on foot posture, plantar force distribution, and balance in people with flexible flatfoot: A randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture. 2024 Sep;113:106-114. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.05.030. Epub 2024 Jun 2. PubMed 38865799 ↗
  • Salinas-Torres VM, Salinas-Torres RA, Carranza-Garcia LE, Herrera-Orozco J, Tristan-Rodriguez JL. Prevalence and Clinical Factors Associated With Pes Planus Among Children and Adults: A Population-Based Synthesis and Systematic Review. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2023 Sep-Oct;62(5):899-903. doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2023.05.007. Epub 2023 Jun 5. PubMed 37286098 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Individual-participant data will not be shared publicly due to participant privacy protection requirements, and the informed consent does not include provisions for open data sharing.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Start is estimated for Sep 2026; primary completion for May 2027, 8 months later.

Of 89 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Flatfoot, half reached primary completion within 7 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 2 and three quarters within 15. This study's planned 8 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 89 studies reached it within 7 months; a quarter within 2 and three quarters within 15.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Sep 2, 2026
First posted
Sep 10, 2026
StartEst.
Sep 2026
Primary completionEst.
May 2027
CompletionEst.
May 2027
Last update
Sep 10, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 10, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07811674
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 10, 2026
Start date
Sep 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
May 2027 (estimated)
Completion
May 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Sep 10, 2026

Study contacts

chao chen, PhD
Contact
chenchao@smu.edu.cn
+86-20-62787238
chao chen, PhD
principal investigator · Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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