ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT07792759POCD-ENTUpdated Aug 28, 2026

Comparison of Desflurane, Sevoflurane, and Total Intravenous Anesthesia in Ear Surgery Under Controlled Hypotension

An interventional study of Desflurane and Sevoflurane in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) and Controlled Hypotension for Nasal Surgeries, sponsored by Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-28.

Sponsored by Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 2 years 3 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Dec 2023, registered Mar 2026).

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
69
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 32 studies in Postoperative Cognitive Complications with a site in Turkey — 6 open to participants now, 8 under way, none of them phase 3. Postoperative Cognitive Complications · Turkey.

Enrollment
8th of 13
69 · median 80
Started
2023
with 5 others
No phase
12 of 32
2 open now
Registered
28th of 32
by date

Among the 32 studies in Postoperative Cognitive Complications with a site in Turkey, this one is the 8th largest by enrollment of the 13 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 6 that started in 2023, is one of 12 with no phase, and was the 28th registered.

Postoperative Cognitive Complications

260 studies on the registry are indexed under Postoperative Cognitive Complications; 55 are open to participants now.

Browse Postoperative Cognitive Complications studies →

Open to participants now

6 of the 32 studies in Postoperative Cognitive Complications with a site in Turkey are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

1 more — sign in →

All 6 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Turkey have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Turkey →

Who these studies take

Of the 34 Postoperative Cognitive Complications studies recruiting now, 22 (65%) set no upper age limit and 4 (12%) stop at 75 or younger; 2 take children under 18; 6 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

This randomized prospective study aimed to compare desflurane, sevoflurane, and total intravenous anesthesia methods in patients undergoing elective ear surgery under controlled hypotension, with a particular focus on postoperative cognitive dysfunction. In addition to cognitive outcomes, intraoperative hemodynamic parameters, cerebral oxygenation, and perioperative clinical outcomes were evaluated and compared among the three groups.

Read the detailed description

Controlled hypotension is commonly used in ear surgery to reduce intraoperative bleeding and improve the surgical field. However, the effects of different anesthetic maintenance techniques used during controlled hypotension on postoperative cognitive function remain unclear.

This prospective randomized study included adult patients undergoing elective ear surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive desflurane, sevoflurane, or total intravenous anesthesia for maintenance of anesthesia under controlled hypotension.

The primary objective of the study was to evaluate postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Secondary objectives included comparison of intraoperative hemodynamic stability, cerebral oxygenation, and perioperative clinical outcomes among the three anesthesia techniques.

Hemodynamic parameters and cerebral oxygen saturation were recorded at predefined time points during the intraoperative period. Postoperative cognitive function was assessed using standardized cognitive evaluation methods.

The findings of this study aim to contribute to the selection of optimal anesthetic techniques in ear surgery performed under controlled hypotension.

03

Conditions studied

  • Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD)
  • Controlled Hypotension for Nasal Surgeries

Keywords

  • Ear Surgery
  • Desflurane
  • Total Intravenous Anesthesia
  • Sevoflurane
  • Controlled Hypotension
  • Cognitive Function
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients aged 18 years and older
  • I-II
  • Scheduled for elective tympanoplasty, mastoidectomy, or tympanomastoidectomy under general anesthesia
  • Provided written

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with known neurological or psychiatric disorders affecting cognitive function
  • Pre-existing cognitive impairment
  • Severe hepatic or renal insufficiency
  • History of alcohol or substance abuse
  • Inability to complete cognitive function tests
  • Emergency surgery
  • Refusal to participate in the study
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

ASA physical status

The anaesthetists’ scale of health before surgery: I is healthy, II has a mild illness that is under control, III a severe one, IV a severe illness that is a constant threat to life. V and VI are used for the critically ill and for organ donors.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
69 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Desflurane-Remifentanil Group

    Desflurane-Remifentanil Group

    Drug: Desflurane · Drug: Remifentanil

  • Experimental
    Sevoflurane-Remifentanil Group

    Patients received general anesthesia with sevoflurane for maintenance and remifentanil infusion.

    Drug: Sevoflurane · Drug: Remifentanil

  • Experimental
    Total Intravenous Anesthesia (Propofol-Remifentanil) Group

    Patients received total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil infusion.

    Drug: Remifentanil · Drug: Propofol (Astra-Zeneca)

Interventions

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Postoperative cognitive function (POCD)

    Postoperative cognitive function was evaluated using standardized neurocognitive tests before surgery and on postoperative day 7. Changes from baseline were analyzed to assess postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

    Time frame: Preoperative baseline and postoperative day 7

Secondary outcomes

  1. Intraoperative cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2)

    Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) was continuously monitored intraoperatively using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and compared between groups at predefined time points.

    Time frame: Preoperative baseline (T0); 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after intubation (T1-T5); and 5 and 15 minutes after extubation (T6-T7).

  2. Mean Arterial Pressure

    Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was recorded intraoperatively at predefined time points and compared between the three anesthesia groups.

    Time frame: Preoperative baseline (T0); 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after intubation (T1-T5); and 5 and 15 minutes after extubation (T6-T7).

  3. Arterial Partial Pressure of Oxygen

    Arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) was measured intraoperatively at predefined time points and compared between the three anesthesia groups.

    Time frame: 15 minutes (T2) and 60 minutes (T5) after intubation.

  4. Heart Rate

    Heart rate (HR) was recorded intraoperatively at predefined time points and compared between the three anesthesia groups.

    Time frame: Preoperative baseline (T0); 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after intubation (T1-T5); and 5 and 15 minutes after extubation (T6-T7).

  5. Arterial Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide

    Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) was measured intraoperatively at predefined time points and compared between the three anesthesia groups.

    Time frame: 15 minutes (T2) and 60 minutes (T5) after intubation.

  6. Blood Lactate Level

    Blood lactate level was measured intraoperatively at predefined time points and compared between the three anesthesia groups.

    Time frame: 15 minutes (T2) and 60 minutes (T5) after intubation.

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital
    Istanbul, Istanbul 34865, Turkey (Türkiye)
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Dec 2023 to primary completion in Jul 2024, 7 months.

Of 63 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Postoperative Cognitive Complications, half reached primary completion within 16 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 8 and three quarters within 33. This study's 7 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 63 studies reached it within 16 months; a quarter within 8 and three quarters within 33.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 21, 2026
First posted
Aug 28, 2026
StartActual
Dec 1, 2023
Primary completionActual
Jul 31, 2024
CompletionActual
Jul 31, 2024
Last update
Aug 28, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 28, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07792759
Lead sponsor
Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital
Responsible party
MELİS ŞEN (Anesthesiology Resident, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 28, 2026
Start date
Dec 1, 2023
Primary completion
Jul 31, 2024
Completion
Jul 31, 2024
Last update
Aug 28, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drugs tested here: Desflurane · Sevoflurane · Propofol

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