An interventional study of High-Intensity Interval Inspiratory and Expiratory Muscle Training (H-IIIEMT) and Control Group in Stroke, Acute Stroke and Respiratory Muscle Strength, sponsored by Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital. Active, not recruiting at 1 site in Indonesia. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-18.
Sponsored by Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
This study aims to determine the early effectiveness of combined high-intensity interval inspiratory and expiratory muscle training in hospitalized patients with acute stroke. Participants will be assigned to receive either combined high-intensity interval inspiratory and expiratory muscle training or conventional diaphragmatic breathing exercises.
The main questions this study aims to answer are whether the combined high-intensity interval inspiratory and expiratory muscle training can improve:
Researchers will compare changes before and after the intervention between the two groups to determine whether combined high-intensity interval inspiratory and expiratory muscle training provides greater early improvement than conventional diaphragmatic breathing exercises in hospitalized patients with acute stroke.
Exclusion Criteria:
High-Intensity Interval Inspiratory and Expiratory Muscle Training
Behavioral: High-Intensity Interval Inspiratory and Expiratory Muscle Training (H-IIIEMT)
Conventional Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise
Behavioral: Control Group
High-intensity interval inspiratory and expiratory muscle training is performed using the BigBreathe Double Action IMT/PEP device, which provides resistance during inspiration and expiration. Participants perform the exercise in a semi-Fowler position using a mouthpiece with an airtight lip seal. Training is performed once daily for 5 consecutive days, with five 2-minute sets per session and approximately 1 minute of rest between sets. Inspiratory resistance is set at 50% of MIP and expiratory resistance at 30% of MEP.
Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise for 15 minutes in a semi-Fowler position.
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure
Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) is used to assess inspiratory muscle strength. Participants perform a maximal inspiratory effort against an occluded airway starting from residual volume. MIP is recorded in centimeters of water (cmH₂O). A greater magnitude of MIP indicates greater inspiratory muscle strength.
Time frame: Baseline and Day 3
Maximal Expiratory Pressure
Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) is used to assess expiratory muscle strength. Participants perform a maximal expiratory effort against an occluded airway. MEP is recorded in centimeters of water (cmH₂O). Higher MEP values indicate greater expiratory muscle strength.
Time frame: Baseline and Day 3
Thoracic Expansion
Thoracic expansion is assessed as the difference in chest circumference between maximal inhalation and maximal exhalation. Chest circumference is measured using a measuring tape at a standardized thoracic level and is reported in centimeters (cm). A greater difference indicates greater chest wall expansion.
Time frame: Baseline and Day 3
Single-Breath Counting Test (SBCT) Score
The Single-Breath Counting Test (SBCT) is a bedside assessment of respiratory function. After a maximal inspiration, participants count aloud sequentially for as long as possible during a single exhalation. The highest number reached during one breath is recorded as the SBCT score. A higher score indicates a greater ability to sustain phonation during a single breath.
Time frame: Baseline and Day 3
This study is active, not recruiting, as verified in Mar 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital