An observational study in Addiction, sponsored by University of Bordeaux. Recruiting at 1 site in France. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-07-29.
Sponsored by University of Bordeaux · Observational
Substance/Alcohol Use disorders are defined as a loss of control over the use despite harmul consequences, as well as an intense and persistent urge to use, also called craving. Previous research has shown that craving is central among the diagnostic criteria for addiction, suggesting that it may be important in the onset and persistence of addiction.
Addiction develops progressively, and it appears crucial to identify predictive markers of the transition from one level of severity to another over time. One hypothesis is that more closely linked symptoms (meaning symptoms that influence each other more) could be associated with greater severity and/or with the evolution of addiction severity over time.
The aim of this project is to explore how the characteristics of the association between addiction symptoms (diagnostic criteria and symptoms as they occur in daily life), and the importance of craving relative to other symptoms, could serve as markers of different addiction severities and of the transition across these levels of severity.
Exploratory analyses will assess whether craving network metrics, including craving symptom centrality, network global strength, and node predictability, are associated with participant characteristics and clinical measures. Potential predictors and correlates will include sociodemographic characteristics, addiction type and history, psychiatric comorbidities, addiction severity, cognitive performance, personality traits, insight, interoceptive awareness, anxiety and depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and quality of life. These variables will be assessed using age and sex data, addiction history variables, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Addiction Severity Index, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Iowa Gambling Task, Stroop task, UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, Sensation Seeking Scale, Temperament and Character Inventory, HAIS-m, MAIA-2, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form. Associations will be explored using correlation and regression analyses, as appropriate to the distribution and measurement level of each variable, at baseline and at the 1-year and 2-year follow-ups.
521 studies on the registry are indexed under Behavior, Addictive; 124 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 700 is above the median of 158 across 106 observational studies indexed under Behavior, Addictive.
Browse Behavior, Addictive studies →University of Bordeaux is the lead sponsor of 17 studies on the registry; 8 are open to participants now.
Compared within Behavior, Addictive, the registry's first condition term, which may not be this study's main condition. Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily. How we classify →
Patients who have initiated treatment for addiction in a Centre de Soin et d'Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie in France; People with addiction recruited from the general population via recruitment campaigns (posters, partner institutions websites, newspaper, social media); Users of Kanopée, a smartphone application developed by SANPSY Lab, who reported problematic tobacco, alcohol or cannabis use.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
The American Psychiatric Association’s manual of mental health diagnoses. DSM-5 (2013, revised as DSM-5-TR in 2022) replaced DSM-IV, and some studies still name the older edition. “Meets DSM criteria for …” means diagnosed by that edition’s diagnostic criteria, usually by a clinician in an interview.
DSM diagnostic criteria
The American Psychiatric Association’s manual of mental health diagnoses. DSM-5 (2013, revised as DSM-5-TR in 2022) replaced DSM-IV, and some studies still name the older edition. “Meets DSM criteria for …” means diagnosed by that edition’s diagnostic criteria, usually by a clinician in an interview.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Participants with various level of Alcohol Use Disorder severity
Other: Observational assessments (EMA and annual DSM-5 evaluations)
Participants with various level of Tobacco Use Disorder severity
Other: Observational assessments (EMA and annual DSM-5 evaluations)
Participants with various level of CannabisUse Disorder severity
Other: Observational assessments (EMA and annual DSM-5 evaluations)
Participants with various level of Opiates Use Disorder severity.
Other: Observational assessments (EMA and annual DSM-5 evaluations)
Participants with various level of Stimulant Use Disorder severity
Other: Observational assessments (EMA and annual DSM-5 evaluations)
Participants are observed over two years. Annual DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders (SUD) are assessed, and participants complete 2-week EMA protocols measuring substance use, craving, and related factors four times per day. No intervention is administered.
Craving centrality in the DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder diagnostic criteria network
Craving centrality will be quantified as the expected influence centrality of the DSM-5 craving criterion within a cross-sectional network including the 11 DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder diagnostic criteria. Expected influence values will be estimated for each assessment (baseline, 1-year and 2-year follow-up) and compared across addiction severity groups and severity transition groups.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Global connectivity of the DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder diagnostic criteria network
Global network connectivity will be quantified as global strength (sum of absolute edge weights) of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria network. Global strength estimates will be compared across addiction severity groups and severity transition groups.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Predictability of nodes in the DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder diagnostic criteria network
Node predictability will be calculated as the proportion of variance explained (R²) for each DSM-5 diagnostic criterion by its neighboring nodes within the network. Mean node predictability will be reported and compared across addiction severity groups and severity transition groups.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Differences in DSM-5 Substance Use Disorder diagnostic criteria network structure
Differences in overall network structure and global strength between addiction severity groups and severity transition groups will be evaluated using the Network Comparison Test (NCT). The reported outcome will be the statistical significance of differences in network structure.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Temporal network structure of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) symptoms
Temporal directed network parameters estimated from ecological momentary assessment data including primary substance use, craving, affect, self-efficacy, withdrawal symptoms, cues, stress, coping, sleep, impulsivity and other daily-life variables. Temporal edge weights will be estimated using multilevel vector autoregressive models and compared across severity groups and severity transition groups.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Contemporaneous network structure of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) symptoms
Contemporaneous partial correlation network estimated from ecological momentary assessment variables. Network structure will be compared across severity groups and severity transition groups.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Between-subject network structure of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) symptoms
Between-subject partial correlation network estimated from ecological momentary assessment variables. Network structure will be compared across severity groups and severity transition groups.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Individual network invariance assessed by the Individual Network Invariance Test (INIT)
Individual Network Invariance Test (INIT) results will assess whether each participant's symptom network significantly differs from the group-level network. The proportion of significant INIT tests will be reported and compared across severity groups.
Time frame: Baseline, 1-year follow-up, 2-year follow-up
Plan to share: Yes — Deidentified individual participant data will be available upon reasonable request to the principal investigator. Access will be granted to researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal for achieving the aims of the approved proposal. A data access agreement may be required before the data are released.
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University of Bordeaux