An observational study in Lipedema, sponsored by Marmara University. Recruiting at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 75 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-07-24.
Sponsored by Marmara University · Observational
Lipedema is a chronic disease characterized by abnormal fat accumulation, primarily in the lower extremities, affecting women. This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Rapprich Lipedema Symptomatic Assessment Questionnaire, which was originally developed by Rapprich et al. in 2010. Since a validated Turkish version is currently unavailable, this research will provide a standardized tool for clinicians to assess symptomatic severity in Turkish-speaking lipedema patients.
This cross-sectional study will involve 180 female participants diagnosed with lipedema (Stages I, II, and III). Participants will be recruited from the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation clinics of Marmara University and Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital.
Assessments will include:
Statistical analysis will include Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability (14-day interval), and Exploratory/Confirmatory Factor Analysis for construct validity.
85 studies on the registry are indexed under Lipedema; 32 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 180 is above the median of 90 across 42 observational studies indexed under Lipedema.
Browse Lipedema studies →Marmara University is the lead sponsor of 599 studies on the registry; 138 are open to participants now.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
The study population consists of 180 female patients aged 18 to 75 years diagnosed with Stage I, II, or III lipedema, recruited from the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation clinics of the participating hospitals.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.
What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
BMI (body mass index)
Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.
What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
60 female patients diagnosed with Stage I lipedema
Other: Questionnaires · Other: Physical Examination and Functional Testing
60 female patients diagnosed with Stage II lipedema
Other: Questionnaires · Other: Physical Examination and Functional Testing
60 female patients diagnosed with Stage III
Other: Questionnaires · Other: Physical Examination and Functional Testing
Turkish version of Rapprich Lipedema Symptomatic Assessment Questionnaire: A 15-item scale used to evaluate the severity of lipedema symptoms (such as pain, tension, tenderness, bruising, and heaviness) on a 0-10 point rating scale. Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey: A widely used, validated scale to assess the general health status and quality of life across eight sub-dimensions, used in this study for criterion validity
* Anthropometric and Vital Measurements: Recording of demographic data (age, height, weight, BMI), as well as arterial blood pressure and pulse rate. * Lipedema-Specific Assessment: Clinical determination of the lipedema stage (Stages I-III) and type (Types I-V). * Morphometric Measurements: Measurement of waist and hip circumferences (for waist-to-hip ratio) and actual leg length. * Lower Extremity Volume Calculation: Circular circumference measurements taken at 4 cm intervals starting from the ankle to calculate the total volume of both lower extremities. * 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT): A functional test to evaluate the total walking distance and heart rate response, assessing the patient's functional capacity.
Internal Consistency (Cronbach's Alpha)
Evaluation of the internal consistency of the 15-item Turkish Rapprich Lipedema Questionnaire.
Time frame: At baseline (Day 0).
Test-Retest Reliability (ICC)
Agreement between two measurements taken 14 days apart in a subgroup of 40 patients.
Time frame: Baseline and 14 days
Criterion Validity (Correlation with SF-36).
Correlation between Rapprich questionnaire scores and the 8 sub-dimensions of the SF-36 quality of life scale.
Time frame: At baseline (Day 0)
Started Jul 2026 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Feb 2027, 6 months after the start.
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