An interventional study of Ultraviolet Photofunctionalization and Conventional Implant Placement in Posterior Mandibular Partial Edentulism, sponsored by Damascus University. Completed at 1 site in Syria. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-07-10.
Sponsored by Damascus University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
This randomized controlled triple-blind split-mouth clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of early loading on ultraviolet photofunctionalized dental implants placed in the posterior mandible. Ten patients received a total of 20 implants, with each participant receiving one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant and one non-photofunctionalized control implant. Ultraviolet photofunctionalization was performed 24 hours before implant placement by an independent investigator. All implants were early loaded 4 weeks after surgery. Implant stability was assessed using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) and expressed as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values at implant placement, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after surgery. Peri-implant marginal bone loss was evaluated radiographically during a one-year follow-up period. The study compared implant stability and radiographic outcomes between ultraviolet photofunctionalized and conventional implants under early loading conditions.
Dental implants have become a predictable and widely accepted treatment modality for the rehabilitation of partially and completely edentulous patients.
Successful implant therapy depends largely on achieving and maintaining osseointegration between the implant surface and the surrounding bone. Traditionally, implants were left unloaded for several months to allow sufficient healing and osseointegration before functional loading. However, the growing demand for shorter treatment times has encouraged the development of early loading protocols. Early loading of dental implants offers several clinical advantages, including reduced treatment duration, earlier restoration of function and esthetics, and improved patient satisfaction. Nevertheless, successful early loading requires adequate implant stability during the critical healing period. Consequently, considerable research has focused on improving implant surface characteristics to accelerate osseointegration and enhance implant stability. Ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization is a surface modification technique that involves exposing titanium implants to ultraviolet light before placement. This process reduces hydrocarbon contamination on the implant surface, increases surface hydrophilicity, and enhances the biological activity of titanium. Previous experimental and clinical studies have suggested that UV photofunctionalization may improve cell attachment, promote bone formation, increase bone-to-implant contact, and enhance implant stability during the early stages of healing. This randomized controlled triple-blind split-mouth clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of early loading on ultraviolet photofunctionalized dental implants placed in the posterior mandible. Ten patients requiring bilateral implant-supported rehabilitation in comparable posterior mandibular sites were included. A total of twenty implants were placed, with each participant receiving one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant and one non photofunctionalized control implant. Implant allocation was randomized, and ultraviolet photofunctionalization was performed by an independent investigator 24 hours before surgery. Participants, the surgeon/outcome assessor, and the statistician were blinded to treatment allocation throughout the study. All implants were restored using an early loading protocol four weeks after implant placement. Implant stability was evaluated using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) and expressed as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) values. Measurements were obtained at implant placement, three weeks after surgery, and four weeks after surgery. In addition, peri-implant marginal bone loss was assessed radiographically during a one-year follow-up period. The split-mouth design was selected to minimize inter-individual variability and allow direct comparison between test and control implants within the same participant. The study aimed to determine whether ultraviolet photofunctionalization could improve implant stability and support the clinical performance of early-loaded dental implants in the posterior mandible.
Damascus University is the lead sponsor of 212 studies on the registry; 11 are open to participants now.
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Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Corticosteroids (steroids)
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
This arm included dental implants that underwent ultraviolet photofunctionalization 24 hours before implant placement. Each participant received one ultraviolet photofunctionalized implant in a posterior mandibular edentulous site according to the randomized split-mouth design.
Procedure: Ultraviolet Photofunctionalization
This arm included dental implants placed without ultraviolet photofunctionalization. Each participant received one conventional implant in a comparable posterior mandibular edentulous site according to the randomized split-mouth design.
Procedure: Conventional Implant Placement
Dental implants assigned to the experimental arm underwent ultraviolet photofunctionalization 24 hours before implant placement by an independent investigator. The implants were subsequently placed in posterior mandibular edentulous sites and restored using an early loading protocol 4 weeks after surgery
Dental implants assigned to the control arm were placed without ultraviolet photofunctionalization. The implants were inserted in comparable posterior mandibular edentulous sites and restored using the same early loading protocol 4 weeks after surgery
Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ)
Implant stability was measured using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) with the Mega ISQ II device. Stability values were recorded as Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) scores ranging from 1 to 100, with higher values indicating greater implant stability. Measurements were obtained immediately after implant placement, at 3 weeks, and at 4 weeks postoperatively before early loading.
Time frame: At implant placement (baseline), 3 weeks after implant placement, and 4 weeks after implant placement.
Peri-implant Marginal Bone Loss
Peri-implant marginal bone loss was evaluated using standardized periapical radiographs obtained immediately after implant placement and one year after early loading. Measurements were performed by assessing the vertical distance from the implant platform to the first bone-to-implant contact on both mesial and distal aspects of the implant. Bone level changes were calculated and recorded in millimeters (mm), with greater values indicating increased marginal bone loss
Time frame: At implant placement (baseline) and one year after early loading.
Plan to share: No
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