A Phase 1/2 interventional study of GNR-097 and Placebo followed by GNR-097 in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, sponsored by AO GENERIUM. Recruiting at 6 sites in 2 countries. Open to male participants aged 4 Years to 9 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-06-29.
Sponsored by AO GENERIUM · Phase 1/2, Interventional, and Treatment
The study will evaluate the tolerability, safety and efficacy of gene therapy product in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In Phase I the participants will be included in two sequential dose cohorts with increasing doses of the investigational product. Based on the results of Phase I, the dose of the investigational product for use in Phase II will be determined. Phase II is a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled study. The participants who are randomized to the placebo arm will have an opportunity for treatment with gene therapy at the beginning of the second year.
481 studies on the registry are indexed under Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne; 108 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 32 is above the median of 26 across 332 interventional studies indexed under Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne.
Browse Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne studies →AO GENERIUM is the lead sponsor of 31 studies on the registry; 3 are open to participants now.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.
Results of functional activity assessment tests at screening (at least in one of the two attempts performed on different days):
Exclusion Criteria:
Abnormal laboratory parameters:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
The share of blood the heart’s main pumping chamber (the left ventricle) pushes out with each beat, measured by an echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) or a MUGA scan. About 50–70% is normal.
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.
Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.
Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.
After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hypersensitivity
An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
LVEF (left ventricular ejection fraction)
The share of blood the heart’s main pumping chamber (the left ventricle) pushes out with each beat, measured by an echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) or a MUGA scan. About 50–70% is normal.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Contraindication
A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Autoimmune disease
A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.
Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hepatitis B tests
Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.
Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hepatitis C tests
Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.
After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.
Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Live vaccines
Vaccines made with a weakened form of the germ, such as measles–mumps–rubella (MMR), chickenpox and yellow fever. They can be risky when the immune system is weakened. Flu injections are not live; the nasal flu spray is.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
ULN (upper limit of normal)
The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.
“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Bilirubin
A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.
Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Hemoglobin (Hb)
The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Platelets
Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Immunosuppression
A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.
Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Participants will receive single intravenous (IV) infusion of GNR-097 on Day 1.
Genetic: GNR-097
In Phase II participants will receive matching placebo IV infusion on Day 1. Then, they will have the opportunity to receive a single IV infusion of GNR-097 at the beginning of the second year.
Genetic: Placebo followed by GNR-097
Single IV infusion of GNR-097 (recombinant adeno-associated virus, serotype 9 (AAV9) carrying a truncated human dystrophin gene (micro-dystrophin)).
Single IV infusion of matching placebo followed by single IV infusion of GNR-097 at the beginning of the second year.
Number and percentage of participants with treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs), AEs of special interest and serious adverse events (SAEs)
AEs of special interest include immune-mediated myositis, myocarditis, thrombotic microangiopathy and hemolytic uremic syndrome
Time frame: Baseline to End of Study (Week 104)
Antibodies to AAV9 and microdystrophin
Presence and titer of binding and neutralizing antibodies to AAV9 and total antibodies to microdystrophin as measured by ELISA
Time frame: Baseline to End of Study (Week 104)
Quantity of dystrophin and microdystrophin in biopsied muscle
Measured by Western blot
Time frame: Baseline, Week 12
Percentage of dystrophin-positive muscle fibers in biopsied muscle
Measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Time frame: Baseline, Week 12
Intensity of immunofluorescence of muscle fibers in biopsied muscle when they are stained for dystrophin
Measured by IHC
Time frame: Baseline, Week 12
North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) score
Confirmed by independent assessor
Time frame: Baseline to End of Study (Week 104)
Time to rise from the floor from a supine position
Time to rise from the floor from a supine position
Time frame: Baseline to End of Study (Week 104)
Six minute walk test (6MWT) distance
Confirmed by independent assessor
Time frame: Baseline to End of Study (Week 104)
Plan to share: Undecided
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
Started Sep 2025 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Aug 2029, 46 months after the start.
Of 23 phase 1/2 interventional studies under Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne, half reached primary completion within 50 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 24 and three quarters within 63. This study's planned 46 months is close to that.
How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.
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Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne →