Effects of Clinical Pilates on Pain and Quality of Life in Women With Dyspareunia

Browse trials for

• Dyspareunia 158
• Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological 385
• Depression 8,577

Keywords

• Dyspareunia;
• Female;
• Sexual Dysfunction;
• Exercise Therapy;
• Quality of Life;
• Depression

Dyspareunia

158 studies on the registry are indexed under Dyspareunia; 40 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 20 is below the median of 63 across 126 interventional studies indexed under Dyspareunia.

Lead sponsor

Okan University is the lead sponsor of 97 studies on the registry; 13 are open to participants now.

Study arms

• Experimental
  Intervention Group (Clinical Pilates Exercises)

  Clinical Pilates exercises were administered to strengthen the pelvic floor and core muscles, three times per week for 8 weeks, with each session lasting 50-60 minutes. The sessions included a warm-up phase, a main exercise program, and a cool-down phase. A total of 8 different exercises were performed in 3 sets of 10 repetitions, with progressively increased spring resistance.\*\*

  Other: Clinical Pilates Exercise

• No intervention
  Control Group

  A group of 10 participants with dyspareunia received education on the fundamental principles of Pilates, pelvic floor anatomy, and dyspareunia. Assessments were conducted for both groups before the intervention and were repeated 8 weeks after the intervention.\*\*

Interventions

• OtherClinical Pilates Exercise

  Pelvic Floor-Focused Clinical Pilates Exercises

  Also known as: Exercise

Primary outcomes

1. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)

   The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) is one of the most valid and reliable numerical scales used to assess an individual's pain intensity. Scores range from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity. A score of "0" represents "no pain," whereas "10" represents "the worst pain imaginable."\*\*

   Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks

Secondary outcomes

1. Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI)

   The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a Likert-type scale consisting of 19 items that evaluates female sexual dysfunction over the past four weeks. The scale assesses six domains: sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain/discomfort. The maximum raw total score is 95 and the minimum is 4; after applying domain-specific weighting coefficients, the total score ranges from 2 to 36. The weighting factors used for scoring are 0.6 for desire; 0.3 for arousal and lubrication; and 0.4 for orgasm, satisfaction, and pain/discomfort. A total score below 26.55 is defined as indicative of sexual dysfunction. Higher scores indicate better sexual function.

   Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks

2. Carol Postpartum Sexual Function and Dyspareunia Assessment Scale

   The Carol Postpartum Sexual Function and Dyspareunia Assessment Scale was developed to evaluate sexual function and the presence of dyspareunia in women who have resumed vaginal intercourse after vaginal delivery. The scale consists of a total of 11 items and classifies the severity of the disorder at different levels. The first seven items are rated using a five-point Likert scale: "never" (0 points), "almost never" (1 point), "sometimes" (2 points), "usually" (3 points), and "always" (4 points). The last four items assess pain intensity using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), with scores ranging from "no pain" (0 points) to "unbearable/maximum pain" (10 points).\*\*

   Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks

3. Short Form-36 (SF-36)

   The Short Form-36 (SF-36) consists of 36 items and evaluates an individual's self-assessment across physical functioning, social functioning, role limitations (due to physical and emotional problems), mental health, vitality (energy), pain, and general perception of health. The assessment considers the previous four weeks. The SF-36 does not have absolute cutoff scores to define good or poor quality of life. However, according to commonly used classifications in the literature, scores are interpreted as follows: 80-100 indicates very good quality of life, 60-79 good, 40-59 moderate, and 0-39 poor quality of life.\*\*

   Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks

4. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)

   The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a Likert-type scale developed by Beck to assess emotional, cognitive, and motivational components of depression. The scale evaluates symptoms over the past week and consists of 21 items. Each item has four response options ranging from 0 to 3. Total scores are interpreted as follows: 9 or below indicates "no depression," 10-16 indicates "mild depression," 17-23 indicates "moderate depression," and 24 or higher indicates "severe depression."\*\*

   Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks

5. Body Image Scale

   The Body Image Scale was developed to assess individuals' satisfaction with their body image. It is a 10-item, five-point Likert-type scale with response options ranging from "1-Never," "2-Rarely," "3-Sometimes," "4-Often," to "5-Always." The total score ranges from 10 to 50, with lower scores indicating lower body satisfaction and higher scores indicating higher body satisfaction.\*\*

   Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks

6. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale

   The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale consists of 10 items and is designed to measure self-esteem. The items are scored using the Guttman method. On the scale, responses eligible for scoring are marked with an asterisk (\*). Scoring is performed as follows: items 1, 2, and 3 are evaluated together; items 4 and 5 together; and items 9 and 10 together. If a respondent scores on any two of the first three items (2/3), they receive one point for that set. If a respondent selects any scoring response for either item 4 or 5, they receive one point for that set. Items 9 and 10 are evaluated in the same way as items 4 and 5. Items 6, 7, and 8 are scored individually. Therefore, the maximum total score is 6. Scores are interpreted as follows: 0-1 indicates high self-esteem, 2-4 indicates moderate self-esteem, and 5-6 indicates low self-esteem.\*\*

   Time frame: Baseline and 8 weeks

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided