ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT07527988SDSSUpdated Aug 24, 2026

Safer Drinking Spaces Study

An interventional study of Safe Bars active bystander training in Sexual Violence and Bystander Intervention, sponsored by RTI International. Recruiting at 3 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-24.

Sponsored by RTI International · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Aug 2026; still recruiting 2 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
3,180
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The goal of this study is to evaluate the active bystander training provided by Safe Bars, Inc. and their local chapter organizations to staff at alcohol-serving establishments (e.g., bars). The training aims to improve norms about violence, create safer environments by teaching staff to intervene in potentially harmful situations, and help prevent sexual violence in the venue community. The study will examine the implementation and effectiveness of the training. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  1. Do staff and patrons at venues that have received Safe Bars training experience lower rates of sexual violence at the venue than staff and patrons at venues that have not received the training?
  2. Are staff at venues that have received Safe Bars training more likely to intervene in potentially risky situations than staff at venues that have not received the training?
  3. What characteristics of venue environments and staff and patron beliefs and perceptions are responsible for effects of the training on sexual violence and bystander behavior outcomes?
  4. What characteristics and conditions are necessary for effective Safe Bars implementation and improved staff and patron outcomes?

Researchers will compare staff and patron experiences at venues that have received the training with venues that are offered a delayed training. Staff and patron participants will be asked to complete surveys over about 12 months, research staff will conduct observations of training and observations in the venues, and selected venue managers and staff will be asked to complete individual interviews.

Read the detailed description

The prevalence of sexual violence (SV) is still unacceptably high in the United States and alcohol-serving venues (e.g., bars, nightclubs) are the most common public setting where SV occurs. Extensive research confirms that the venue environment, coupled with alcohol consumption, is associated with increased rates of SV. Trainings for venue staff, which combine bystander intervention skill-building with discussion of organization-level changes to policies, norms, and environmental characteristics, are a promising approach to prevent SV because they address both individual and community (i.e., venue)-level risk and protective factors. To date, these trainings have not been rigorously evaluated in terms of SV outcomes. There is a critical need to test the effectiveness of prevention approaches that change both individual behavior in venues and characteristics of venue settings to reduce SV among staff and patrons.

The proposed study will assess the effectiveness of Safe Bars active bystander training, which involves training and support for alcohol-serving venues, for primary prevention of SV. Safe Bars, Inc. has implemented trainings for venue staff since 2013, with 135 venues in 15 states trained either directly by Safe Bars, Inc. or by one of their trained chapter organizations since 2022. Grounded in established theories of behavior change, Safe Bars promotes anti-violence norms and creates safer environments by increasing bystander intervention among venue staff and generating venue-level solutions to preventing SV (such as improving policies or increasing anti-violence messaging in the venue).

In a prior study, the research team established the feasibility of evaluating venue-based SV prevention by conducting an evaluability assessment, including formative research and pilot testing of procedures. Informed by the results, the proposed evaluation uses a Hybrid Type 1 effectiveness-implementation design to assess the impact of Safe Bars training on SV among venue staff and patrons (Aim 1); examine venue environment characteristics, staff and patron psychosocial factors, and staff bystander intervention behaviors as mediators of Safe Bars training effects on SV outcomes (Aim 2); and examine potential moderating characteristics necessary for effective Safe Bars implementation and improved staff and patron outcomes (Aim 3). The study will use repeated surveys of patrons and staff at 15 intervention and 15 waitlist control venues, semi-structured interviews with managers and staff, training observations, venue observations, and Safe Bars implementation records to evaluate effectiveness and implementation and measure costs.

Safe Bars training is manualized for dissemination and has shown strong community acceptability. The outcomes of this study are expected to have an important positive impact by expanding the evidence base for community-level SV prevention and informing future implementation of venue-focused interventions.

02

Conditions studied

  • Sexual Violence
  • Bystander Intervention

Keywords

  • alcohol-serving venues
  • community-level evaluation
03

In context

Lead sponsor

RTI International is the lead sponsor of 84 studies on the registry; 18 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • At least 18 years old
  • Able to read and speak English
  • Employee or patron of participating venues

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Has any condition that, in the opinion of the PI or their designee, would preclude , make study participation unsafe, complicate interpretation of study outcome data, or otherwise interfere with achieving the study objectives.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
3,180 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Safe Bars Training

    Venues assigned to this arm will receive the Safe Bars active bystander training for their staff after baseline data collection for the study.

    Behavioral: Safe Bars active bystander training

  • Other
    Wait-List Control

    Venues assigned to this arm will be offered the Safe Bars active bystander training for their staff after the 6-month follow-up data collection for the study. They will not receive an intervention during the first 6 months of the study.

    Behavioral: Safe Bars active bystander training

Interventions

  • BehavioralSafe Bars active bystander training

    Safe Bars, Inc. (SBI)'s active bystander training is a primary prevention approach with three main components designed to (1) educate venue staff about the associations between alcohol and SV, (2) build bystander intervention skills and self-efficacy among venue staff, and (3) generate venue-level solutions to SV prevention. The 2.5-hour initial training combines didactic teaching with group brainstorming and practice-based role plays to teach staff actions they can take in response to risky scenarios observed in venue settings. Beyond increasing staff knowledge and skill, the training is also designed to spur venues' plans to support long-term culture change that reflects their local context and needs. After the initial training, SBI maintains a regular schedule of follow-up with trained venues to offer implementation support and access to SBI's other trainings in de-escalation and allyship.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Sexual assault victimization among patrons

    Endorsement (yes) to any of 5 items asking about experiences in the past month at the venue

    Time frame: Baseline to 12 months

  2. Sexual harassment victimization among patrons

    Endorsement (yes) of any of 8 items asking about experiences in the past month at the venue

    Time frame: Baseline to 12 months

  3. Sexual assault victimization among staff

    Endorsement (yes) to any of 5 items asking about experiences in the past month at the venue

    Time frame: Baseline to 12 months

  4. Sexual harassment victimization among staff

    Endorsement (yes) of any of 8 items asking about experiences in the past month at the venue

    Time frame: Baseline to 12 months

  5. Staff bystander behavior

    Proportion of opportunities (out of 17 possible) in which staff reported that they intervened in a risky situation

    Time frame: Baseline to 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Staff acceptance of sexual violence

    Average of 6 items on a 1-5 scale; higher scores indicate more acceptance

    Time frame: Baseline to 6 months

  2. Staff self-efficacy to intervene

    Average of 17 items on a 1-5 scale; higher scores indicate more self-efficacy

    Time frame: Baseline to 6 months

  3. Staff perceived safety of the venue

    Average of 5 items on a 1-5 scale; higher scores indicate less perceived safety

    Time frame: Baseline to 6 months

  4. Patron perceived safety of the venue

    Average of 5 items on a 1-5 scale; higher scores indicate less perceived safety

    Time frame: Baseline to 6 months

  5. Patron witnessing venue staff intervention

    Proportion of opportunities (out of 17 possible) in which patrons reported that they saw staff intervene in a risky situation

    Time frame: Baseline to 6 months

07

Study locations

3 of 3 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Deidentified survey data from venue staff and patrons will be automatically archived after the study ends via the University of Florida's long-term electronic storage system, so it will be able to be made available to other researchers upon request with proper documentation of planned use and subsequent destruction. The data will be destroyed five years after the study ends. Participants' identifying information (names and contact information) will not be included in shared data.

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started Aug 2026 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2028, 28 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Apr 7, 2026
First posted
Apr 14, 2026
StartActual
Aug 13, 2026
Primary completionEst.
Dec 2028
CompletionEst.
Dec 2028
Last update
Aug 24, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 24, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07527988
Lead sponsor
RTI International
Responsible party
Marni Kan (Senior Research Public Health Analyst 1, RTI International) — Principal investigator
First posted
Apr 14, 2026
Start date
Aug 13, 2026
Primary completion
Dec 2028 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 24, 2026

Study contacts

Marni Kan
Contact
mkan@rti.org
919-485-2756
Nichole Scaglione
Contact
nscaglione@ufl.edu
(352) 294-0548

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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