An interventional study of Diaphragmatic Deep Breathing Exercise in Peripheral Arterial Disease, sponsored by Kufa University. Completed at 1 site in Iraq. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-03-11.
Sponsored by Kufa University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Supportive care
This randomized controlled trial evaluates the effectiveness of diaphragmatic deep breathing exercises on pain and hemodynamic parameters in patients after peripheral percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group, which performed the breathing exercises, or a control group, which received standard post-PTA care.
Pain levels and hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation, were measured before and after the intervention. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were also collected to explore potential associations with patient responses.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether diaphragmatic deep breathing can reduce post-PTA pain and support hemodynamic stability, thereby improving patient comfort and recovery outcomes.
This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to assess the effectiveness of diaphragmatic deep breathing exercises on pain intensity and hemodynamic parameters in adult patients following peripheral percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Eligible participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which performed structured diaphragmatic breathing exercises, or the control group, which received standard post-PTA care.
Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before, immediately after, and one hour following the exercises. Hemodynamic parameters-including heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation-were recorded at the same time points. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected to examine potential associations with the participants' responses to the intervention.
The study aims to determine whether diaphragmatic deep breathing exercises can effectively reduce post-PTA pain and support hemodynamic stability, offering a non-pharmacological approach to improve patient comfort and recovery outcomes.
1,377 studies on the registry are indexed under Peripheral Arterial Disease; 275 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 100 is above the median of 70 across 927 interventional studies indexed under Peripheral Arterial Disease.
Browse Peripheral Arterial Disease studies →Kufa University is the lead sponsor of 14 studies on the registry; 3 are open to participants now.
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Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Patients perform structured diaphragmatic deep breathing exercises after peripheral PTA. Pain is assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and hemodynamic parameters including heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) are measured before, immediately after, and one hour post-exercise.
Behavioral: Diaphragmatic Deep Breathing Exercise
Patients receive routine post-PTA care without diaphragmatic breathing exercises. Pain and hemodynamic parameters (HR, SBP, DBP, SpO₂) are measured at the same time points as the intervention group for comparison.
Participants will perform guided diaphragmatic deep breathing exercises after peripheral percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). The technique involves slow deep inhalation through the nose with abdominal expansion followed by controlled exhalation through the mouth under researcher supervision. The intervention aims to reduce pain intensity and stabilize hemodynamic parameters.
Pain intensity after diaphragmatic deep breathing exercises
Pain intensity measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain).
Time frame: Before exercise, immediately after exercise, and one hour post-exercise
systolic BP
Systolic blood pressure measured in mmHg to evaluate cardiovascular response following diaphragmatic breathing exercises.
Time frame: Before exercise, immediately after exercise, and one hour post-exercise
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Diastolic blood pressure measured in mmHg to evaluate cardiovascular stability following diaphragmatic breathing exercises.
Time frame: Before exercise, immediately after exercise, and one hour post-exercise
Heart Rate
Heart rate measured in beats per minute to assess the hemodynamic response to diaphragmatic breathing exercises following peripheral PTA.
Time frame: Before exercise, immediately after exercise, and one hour post-exercise
Oxygen Saturation (SpO2)
Peripheral oxygen saturation measured using pulse oximetry to assess oxygenation status after diaphragmatic breathing exercises.
Time frame: Before exercise, immediately after exercise, and one hour post-exercise
Plan to share: No — Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared to protect patient privacy and confidentiality. The study involves sensitive health information, and data sharing is restricted in accordance with institutional regulations and ethical approvals. Aggregate study results will be published without disclosing any identifiable participant information.
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Kufa University