An observational study in Atrial Fibrillation, sponsored by Yuehui Yin. Enrolling by invitation at 1 site in China. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-02.
Sponsored by Yuehui Yin · Observational
This is an observational, bidirectional cohort study, aiming to establish a long-term registry of adult patients with Persistent atrial fibrillation (ps-AF) in Southwest China to characterize patient profiles and evaluate embolism risk, rate control, rhythm control and complication management and outcomes over 5 years' follow-up. The objectives of the study are to: Describe the demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of ps-AF patients across Southwest China and assess the effectiveness and safety of various AF treatment strategies, including oral anticoagulation, electrical cardioversion, catheter ablation, and left atrial appendage closure, in routine clinical practice. Identify patient- and treatment-related factors that influence therapeutic outcomes. Explore the characteristics of imaging multi-omics and blood multi-omics during follow-up. Explore the role of advanced technologies and artificial intelligence in improving procedural performance, risk stratification, and clinical decision-making in AF care. Participants will undergo standardized baseline evaluation and longitudinal follow-up to collect data on heart rhythm monitoring, treatment exposures, healthcare utilization, clinical events, and patient-reported outcomes. This cohort will generate real-world evidence to inform personalized and evidence-based management of AF.
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is estimated to affect over 33 million people worldwide and is associated with significant comorbidity such as embolism stroke, heart failure, dementia, etc. Consequently, AF poses a significant burden to the healthcare system, in both direct and indirect costs. The management of AF is complex, especially for patients with persistent AF, which is defined as sustained AF for > 7 days. It is preferable to terminate the AF and restore normal sinus rhythm for relief of symptoms associated with AF or improvement of cardiac structure and function. The maintenance of AF, especially persist AF is associated with fibrosis of left atria. Furthermore, AF itself promotes fibrosis, which in turn leads to increased conduction heterogeneity within the atrial substrate resulting in further progression of AF. In humans, atrial dilatation and degenerative changes have been observed. Persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is a sustained form of AF associated with higher risks of stroke, heart failure, and mortality compared to paroxysmal AF. Managing persistent AF is challenging due to its complex mechanisms, lower success rates with standard treatments, and greater likelihood of recurrence. Research focuses on understanding its progression, identifying risk factors, and optimizing treatment strategies. Patients with persistent AF at diagnosis may differ in age, heart failure prevalence, and ejection fraction, but the pattern at diagnosis does not significantly affect ablation outcomes or AF recurrence rates.
Objectives: Describe the demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of ps-AF patients across Southwest China and assess the effectiveness and safety of various AF treatment strategies, including oral anticoagulation, electrical cardioversion, catheter ablation, and left atrial appendage closure, in routine clinical practice. Identify patient- and treatment-related factors that influence therapeutic outcomes. Explore the prevalence and treatment strategies of bradyarrhythmia in ps-AF patients. Explore the characteristics of imaging multi-omics and blood multi-omics during follow-up. Explore the role of advanced technologies and artificial intelligence in improving procedural performance, risk stratification, and clinical decision-making in AF care. Participants will undergo standardized baseline evaluation and longitudinal follow-up (prospective and retrospective) to collect data on heart rhythm monitoring, treatment exposures, healthcare utilization, clinical events, and patient-reported outcomes. This cohort will generate real-world evidence to inform personalized and evidence-based management of AF.
3,870 studies on the registry are indexed under Atrial Fibrillation; 924 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 5,000 is above the median of 300 across 1,363 observational studies indexed under Atrial Fibrillation.
Browse Atrial Fibrillation studies →Yuehui Yin is the lead sponsor of 3 studies on the registry; 2 are open to participants now.
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persistent atrial fibrillation
Exclusion Criteria:
the patients in this group have a normal size of left atrium.
the patients in this group have an enlarged size of left atrium.
Other: other
the patients in this group suffer from heart failure.
Other: other
the patients in this group don't suffer from heart failure.
the patients in this group accept the therapy focus on heart rate control.
the patients in this group accept the therapy focus on rhythm control.
Other: other
This study mainly describe the evolution and characteristic of patients with atrial fibrillation under different treatment plans and comorbidities.
Composite endpoint of stroke, major bleeding, worsening and new-onset heart failure, all-cause mortality
Composite endpoint of stroke, major bleeding, worsening heart failure, new-onset heart failure, and all-cause mortality
Time frame: 5 years
Major bleeding events, perioperative complications and adverse drug reactions
Major bleeding events (e.g., intracranial hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding); Perioperative complications (e.g., pericardial tamponade, thrombus formation, vascular complications); Adverse drug reactions (e.g., anticoagulant-induced thrombocytopenia, amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction, prolonged QT interval, bradyarrhythmia, pulmonary fibrosis, etc.).
Time frame: 5 years
Incidence of MACCE, SSS, AF recurrence and embolism events
Incidence of MACCE (Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events); Sinus rhythm maintenance rate, AF recurrence time, duration of persistent recurrence (assessed via 12-lead ECG + Holter, defined as atrial arrhythmia lasting ≥30 seconds); Incidence of stroke or systemic embolism events.
Time frame: 5 years
Plan to share: No — Sharing such data without the patient's explicit authorization may violate their right to privacy and contravene the informed consent terms obtained in the study.
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