ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT07372482Updated Mar 27, 2026

Evaluating the Impact of Fat and Sugar Replacer Blends on Gastrointestinal Tolerance in Biscuits

An interventional study of Test sandwiched biscuits with creme and Control sandwiched biscuit with sugar in Gastrointestinal Tolerance and Healthy Population, sponsored by Mondelēz International, Inc.. Completed at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 55 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-03-27.

Sponsored by Mondelēz International, Inc. · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
56
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 55 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study is a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial aiming at evaluating the gastrointestinal tolerance and bowel habits of sugar- and fat- replacer ingredients and blends (maltitol, polydextrose, allulose and EPG)

Read the detailed description

The study will have a randomized, double-blind, crossover design with 8 visits consisting of one screening visit and 7 study visits (3 to 14-day interval between the start of each visit) across 4-12 weeks. Participants will be randomized to a test sequence and, during the course of the study, will complete 7 trial arms. At each visit eligible participants will come to INQUIS between 8-11am, and \~1-2h after consuming their usual breakfast at home. After rating the severity of GI symptoms, participants will consume one of the investigational products with a drink of water (250ml) and then be free to leave. The severity of 11 symptoms will be rated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24h: Abdominal bloating, Abdominal pain, Gas/flatulence, Gas with discharge, Burping, Reflux (heartburn), Stomach rumbling (borborygmus), Urgency of bowel movement, Oily spotting (leakage), Nausea and Vomiting. The severity of each symptom will be rated by the subject as None, Mild, Moderate or Severe (these ratings will be assigned scores of 0, 1, 2 or 3, respectively). For each bowel movement (BM) passed during the 24h period, participants will be asked to record: the time, if they had to strain (yes or no), if they experienced discomfort (yes or no), if they felt there was incomplete evacuation (yes or no), if they had oily evacuation (oil separated from the stools) (yes or no), if they had oily stool (oily lumps in the stool) (yes or no) and the consistency of the stool rated using the using the Bristol Stool Scale (BSS).

02

Conditions studied

  • Gastrointestinal Tolerance
  • Healthy Population

Keywords

  • sugar replacers
  • fat replacer
  • gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Bowel Habits - Bristol Stool Scale (BHD-BSS)
  • Gastrointestinal Tolerance Questionnaire (GITQ)
  • Acute
  • Biscuits
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Mondelēz International, Inc. is the lead sponsor of 27 studies on the registry; 2 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 55 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Non-pregnant, non-lactating, healthy individuals aged 18-55 years, inclusive
  • (BMI) 18.5-32.0kg/m², inclusive
  • No major illness, trauma or surgery requiring hospitalization within 3 months of the screening visit
  • Ability to understand the study procedures and willing to provide to participate in the study
  • Non-smokers or smokers who smoke \<10 cigarettes/day and are willing not to change nicotine habits during the study period
  • Willing to limit alcohol consumption to ≤3 standard drinks/day and ≤7 standard drinks/week during the study period
  • Willing to refrain from any marijuana or hemp products during the study period
  • Normal bowel habits (>2 bowel movements/week and \<3 bowel movements per day)
  • Consumes ≤4 servings/day of fruits and vegetables combined and ≤3 (women) or ≤4 (men) servings/day of whole grains using the definitions of "serving" .
  • Participants must have a cell phone/tablet/computer and be willing and able to use it to collect study data
  • Participants must be eligible to receive income in Canada and be covered by a health insurance plan such as OHIP (Ontario Health Insurance Plan)
  • Participants are willing to follow current COVID guidelines with respect to attending study visits

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Failure to meet any one of the inclusion criteria
  • Chronic moderate to severe gastrointestinal symptoms
  • Use of systemic antibiotics, antifungals or antiparasitics in the past 3 months and during the experimental period
  • Use of medications, supplements, and products which may affect the results (laxative, anti-diarrhea, anti-constipation drugs, high fiber supplements)
  • Individuals with any medical conditions or use of supplements or medications that increase risk to the subject or others or may affect the results, as judged by the Principal - Investigator
  • Unwillingness or inability to comply with the experimental procedures and to follow INQUIS safety guidelines
  • Known intolerance, sensitivity, or allergy to any ingredients in the study test products
  • Subject is currently participating or recently (within 30 days of screening) participated in a clinical trial involving long-term exposure (greater than 24 hours) to an drug, nutritional supplement, or lifestyle modification
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(3)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
56 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Placebo comparator
    Control biscuit

    Sandwiched biscuit with usual sugar and fat content (2 servings = 60g)

    Other: Control sandwiched biscuit with sugar

  • Active comparator
    Control biscuit reduced in fat with EPG

    Sandwiched biscuit with usual sugar content and fat partly replaced by EPG in basecake (2 servings = 60g)

    Other: Test sandwiched biscuits with creme

  • Active comparator
    Sugar reduced biscuit with blend 1

    Sandwiched biscuit reduced in sugar and containing sugar-replacer blend 1 (2 servings = 60g)

    Other: Test sandwiched biscuits with creme

  • Active comparator
    Sugar reduced biscuit with blend 1 + EPG in basecake

    Sandwiched biscuit reduced in sugar and containing sugar-replacer blend 1 and EPG replacing fat in basecake (2 servings = 60g)

    Other: Test sandwiched biscuits with creme

  • Active comparator
    Sugar reduced biscuit with blend 1 + EPG in basecake & creme

    Sandwiched biscuit reduced in sugar and containing sugar-replacer blend 1 and EPG replacing fat in basecake \& creme (2 servings = 60g)

    Other: Test sandwiched biscuits with creme

  • Active comparator
    Sugar reduced biscuit with blend 2

    Sandwiched biscuit reduced in sugar and containing sugar-replacer blend 2 (2 servings = 60g)

    Other: Test sandwiched biscuits with creme

  • Active comparator
    Sugar reduced biscuit with blend 2 + EPG in basecake

    Sandwiched biscuit reduced in sugar and containing sugar-replacer blend 2 and EPG replacing fat in basecake (2 servings = 60g)

    Other: Test sandwiched biscuits with creme

Interventions

  • OtherTest sandwiched biscuits with creme

    Acute intake

  • OtherControl sandwiched biscuit with sugar

    Acute intake

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Total Area Under the Curve (tAUC) of composite gastrointestinal Symptom score

    total area under the curve (tAUC) of the composite GastroIntestinal symptom score (sum of the scores for the 11 GI symptoms). The score values can range from 0 up to 24 with the higher values showing the higher levels of symptoms (worse conditions).

    Time frame: tAUC between 0 and 24 hours

Secondary outcomes

  1. Total Area Under the Curve of each individual gastrointestinal symptom

    Total Area Under the Curve of each of the individual 11 gastrointestinal symptoms (Abdominal bloating, Abdominal pain, Gas/flatulence, Gas with discharge, Burping, Reflux (heartburn), Stomach rumbling (borborygmus), Urgency of bowel movement, Oily spotting (leakage), Nausea and Vomiting). Each symptom range from 0 up to 3 with 3 showing the highest / worse condiiton of symptoms

    Time frame: tAUC between 0 and 24 hours

  2. Frequency of composite score > 1 at each time point

    Proportion of participants who have a composite GastoInestinal symptom score \>1 (moderate-to-severe) at each time point. The composite score can range from 0 up to 24 with the higher values showing the higher levels of symptoms (worse conditions)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  3. Frequency of Diarrhea within 24 hours

    Proportion of participants with diarrhea, defined as 3 or more type 6 or 7 stools (based on the BSS) within the 24 hour period after consumption of the study products

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

  4. Time for maximum score for abdominal bloating

    Time of the maximum score for bloating

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  5. Maximum score for abdominal bloating

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  6. Maximum score for abdominal bloating

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  7. Time of maximum score for abdominal pain

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  8. Maximum score for abdominal pain

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  9. Maximum score for abdominal pain

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  10. Time for maximum score for flatulence

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  11. Maximum score for flatulence

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  12. Maximum score for flatulence

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  13. Time for maximum score for gas with discharge

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  14. Maximum score for gas with discharge

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  15. Maximum score for gas with discharge

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  16. Time for maximum score for burping

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  17. Maximum score for burping

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  18. Maximum score for burping

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  19. Time for maximum score for reflux

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  20. Maximum score for reflux

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  21. Maximum score for reflux

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  22. Time for maximum score for stomach rumbling

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  23. Maximum score for stomach rumbling

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  24. Maximum score for stomach rumbling

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  25. Time for maximum score for Oily spotting (leakage)

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  26. Maximum score for Evaluation oily spotting (leakage)

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  27. Maximum score for oily spotting (leakage)

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  28. Time for maximum score for nausea

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  29. Maximum score for nausea

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  30. Maximum score for nausea

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  31. Time for maximum score for vomiting

    Time of the maximum score

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  32. Maximum score for vomiting

    Proportion of participants reporting any (score\>0) or moderate/severe (score \>1) at each time point

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  33. Maximum score for vomiting

    Maximum detected score (which can range from 0 up to 3)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed at time 0, 2, 4, 6, 10 and 24 hours

  34. Number of bowel movements

    Number of bowel movements over the 24 hours

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

  35. straining during bowel movement

    Proportion of participants having to strain or not

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

  36. discomfort during bowel movement

    Proportion of participants having discomfort or not

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

  37. incomplete evacuation

    Proportion of participants declaring incomplete evacuation or not

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

  38. oily evacuation (oil separated from the stools)

    Proportion of participants declaring having oily evacuation (oil separated from the stools)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

  39. oily stool (oily lumps in the stool)

    Proportion of participants declaring having oily stool (oily lumps in the stool)

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

  40. Stool consistency based on bristol stool scale

    mean stool consistency on Bristol Stool Scale (BSS). The scale provide values from 1 to 7 depending on the type of stool with 1 being the driest stools and 7 the most liquid one.

    Time frame: Evaluation performed over 24 hour after consumption of study products

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Inquis Clinical Research
    Toronto, Ontario M5C 2N8, Canada
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Oct 2025 to primary completion in Feb 2026, 3 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jul 23, 2025
First posted
Jan 28, 2026
StartActual
Oct 28, 2025
Primary completionActual
Feb 27, 2026
CompletionActual
Feb 27, 2026
Last update
Mar 27, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 27, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07372482
Collaborators
INQUIS Clinical Research
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 28, 2026
Start date
Oct 28, 2025
Primary completion
Feb 27, 2026
Completion
Feb 27, 2026
Last update
Mar 27, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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