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Active, not recruitingNCT07372014CAENLVLTELPMAUpdated Jan 28, 2026

A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Nepafenac Combined With a Lubricant Versus a Lubricant Alone in the Treatment of Epiphora Associated With Lacrimal Punctum Stenosis

A Phase 4 interventional study of Nepafenac and lubricant and Placebo in Epiphora and Punctal Stenosis, sponsored by Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana. Active, not recruiting at 1 site in Mexico. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-28.

Sponsored by Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Mar 2026, 7 months ago, but the record still lists the study as active, not recruiting.
Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
68
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Establish the efficacy of combined treatment with nepafenac and lubricant versus lubricant alone in improving epiphora and resolving punctal stenosis in Mexican adults.

Read the detailed description

A two-month follow-up will be conducted. The study participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the first group will receive treatment with nepafenac 0.1% ophthalmic suspension once daily and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% (lubricant) three times daily for eight weeks; the second group will receive treatment with placebo and lubricant only, administered three times daily for eight weeks. Initial evaluations will be conducted, followed by assessments at four and eight weeks to determine, through ophthalmological examination, the visibility of the lacrimal punctum using the Kashkouli scale, the assessment of epiphora according to the Munk scale, and the measurement of the external diameter and depth of the lacrimal punctum using OCT-SA.

02

Conditions studied

  • Epiphora
  • Punctal Stenosis

Keywords

  • Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases
  • Stenosis
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
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In context

Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases

36 studies on the registry are indexed under Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; 2 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 68 is above the median of 29 across 26 interventional studies indexed under Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases.

Browse Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases studies →

Lead sponsor

Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana is the lead sponsor of 45 studies on the registry; 10 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Diagnosis of epiphora secondary to lacrimal punctum stenosis of allergic or idiopathic origin. Age ≥ 18 years

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous eye surgery, including eyelid or lacrimal duct surgery. Allergy to nepafenac. Previous application of botulinum toxin to the eyelids, medical treatment received at least 3 months prior to the study, treatment discontinuation, failure to attend scheduled follow-up appointments and severe adverse reactions to treatment.
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
68 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Group 1: Nepafenac 0.1% ophthalmic suspension and lubricant

    The study participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the first group will receive treatment with nepafenac 0.1% ophthalmic suspension once daily and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% (lubricant) three times daily for eight weeks; the second group will receive treatment with placebo and lubricant only, administered three times daily for eight weeks

    Drug: Nepafenac and lubricant

  • Placebo comparator
    Group 2: placebo and lubricant

    The study participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the first group will receive treatment with nepafenac 0.1% ophthalmic suspension once daily and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% (lubricant) three times daily for eight weeks; the second group will receive treatment with placebo and lubricant only, administered three times daily for eight weeks

    Drug: Placebo

Interventions

  • DrugNepafenac and lubricant

    A two-month follow-up will be conducted. The study participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the first group will receive treatment with nepafenac 0.1% ophthalmic suspension once daily and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% (lubricant) three times daily for eight weeks; the second group will receive treatment with placebo and lubricant only, administered three times daily for eight weeks

  • DrugPlacebo

    A two-month follow-up will be conducted. The study participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: the first group will receive treatment with nepafenac 0.1% ophthalmic suspension once daily and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% (lubricant) three times daily for eight weeks; the second group will receive treatment with placebo and lubricant only, administered three times daily for eight weeks

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Lacrimal punctal estenosis

    Lacrimal punctal stenosis measured by Optical Coherence Tomography and Kashkouli scale

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end, each month of treatment until 8 weeks

  2. Epiphora

    Epiphora measured by Munk scale

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end, each month of treatment until 8 weeks

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Instituto de Oftalmología F.A.P. Conde de Valenciana, I.A.P.
    Mexico City, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Ceylanoglu KS, Sen EM. The effect of topical steroids and non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs on epiphora of unknown cause: Optical coherence tomography study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2023 Mar;41:103234. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103234. Epub 2022 Dec 5. PubMed 36470407 ↗
  • Assouline M, Renard G, Arne JL, David T, Lasmolles C, Malecaze F, Pouliquen YJ. A prospective randomized trial of topical soluble 0.1% indomethacin versus 0.1% diclofenac versus placebo for the control of pain following excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers. 1998 May;29(5):365-74. PubMed 9599360 ↗
  • McGhee CN, Dean S, Danesh-Meyer H. Locally administered ocular corticosteroids: benefits and risks. Drug Saf. 2002;25(1):33-55. doi: 10.2165/00002018-200225010-00004. PubMed 11820911 ↗
  • Modi SS, Lehmann RP, Walters TR, Fong R, Christie WC, Roel L, Nethery D, Sager D, Tsorbatzoglou A, Philipson B, Traverso CE, Reiser H. Once-daily nepafenac ophthalmic suspension 0.3% to prevent and treat ocular inflammation and pain after cataract surgery: phase 3 study. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2014 Feb;40(2):203-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2013.07.042. Epub 2013 Dec 15. PubMed 24345529 ↗
  • Nepafenac. Aust Prescr. 2017 Dec;40(6):246-247. doi: 10.18773/austprescr.2017.071. Epub 2017 Oct 3. No abstract available. PubMed 29375191 ↗
  • Elshorbagy MS, Shalaby OE, Eldesouky MA, Awara AM. Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) Guided Reversal of Edematous Punctal Occlusion. Clin Ophthalmol. 2020 May 27;14:1467-1472. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S255979. eCollection 2020. PubMed 32546955 ↗
  • Guidera AC, Luchs JI, Udell IJ. Keratitis, ulceration, and perforation associated with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ophthalmology. 2001 May;108(5):936-44. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00538-8. PubMed 11320025 ↗
  • Kessel L, Tendal B, Jorgensen KJ, Erngaard D, Flesner P, Andresen JL, Hjortdal J. Post-cataract prevention of inflammation and macular edema by steroid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops: a systematic review. Ophthalmology. 2014 Oct;121(10):1915-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.04.035. Epub 2014 Jun 14. PubMed 24935281 ↗
  • Ambroziak AM, Szaflik J, Szaflik JP, Ambroziak M, Witkiewicz J, Skopinski P. Immunomodulation on the ocular surface: a review. Cent Eur J Immunol. 2016;41(2):195-208. doi: 10.5114/ceji.2016.60995. Epub 2016 Jul 15. PubMed 27536206 ↗
  • Moon I, Kang HG, Yeo A, Noh H, Kim HC, Song JS, Ji YW, Lee HK. Comparison of Ocular Surface Mucin Expression After Topical Ophthalmic Drug Administration in Dry Eye-Induced Mouse Model. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2018 Nov;34(9):612-620. doi: 10.1089/jop.2018.0005. Epub 2018 Oct 16. PubMed 30325678 ↗
  • Holland EJ, Olsen TW, Ketcham JM, Florine C, Krachmer JH, Purcell JJ, Lam S, Tessler HH, Sugar J. Topical cyclosporin A in the treatment of anterior segment inflammatory disease. Cornea. 1993 Sep;12(5):413-9. doi: 10.1097/00003226-199309000-00008. PubMed 8306663 ↗
  • Nassief M, Lotfy NM. Topical cyclosporin A 0.05% eye drops for management of symptomatic acquired punctal stenosis: a prospective, controlled clinical study. Orbit. 2024 Apr;43(2):190-195. doi: 10.1080/01676830.2023.2232028. Epub 2023 Jul 18. PubMed 37463348 ↗
  • Vahdani K, Sian I, Giasin O, Makrygiannis G. Functional and anatomical outcomes of punctoplasty with Kelly punch. Eye (Lond). 2017 Nov;31(11):1628. doi: 10.1038/eye.2017.105. Epub 2017 Jun 2. No abstract available. PubMed 28574492 ↗
  • Wong ES, Li EY, Yuen HK. Long-term outcomes of punch punctoplasty with Kelly punch and review of literature. Eye (Lond). 2017 Apr;31(4):560-565. doi: 10.1038/eye.2016.271. Epub 2016 Dec 2. PubMed 27911445 ↗
  • Dolin SL, Hecht SD. The punctum pucker procedure for stenosis of the lacrimal punctum. Arch Ophthalmol. 1986 Jul;104(7):1086-7. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1986.01050190144055. PubMed 3729781 ↗
  • Hughes WL, Maris CS. A clip procedure for stenosis and eversion of the lacrimal punctum. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1967 Jul-Aug;71(4):653-5. No abstract available. PubMed 6059676 ↗
  • JONES LT. The cure of epiphora due to canalicular disorders, trauma and surgical failures on the lacrimal passages. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1962 Jul-Aug;66:506-24. No abstract available. PubMed 14452301 ↗
  • Arlit F. Surgery of the lacrimal system. En: Graefe A, Saemisch T, editores. Handbook of the entire ophthalmology Leipzig, East Germany Publisher: Von Wilhelm Englemann. 1874
  • Bowman W. Treatment method applicable to epiphora dependent on the outside reversal or obliteration of the lacrimal puncti. Ann Oculist. 1853;28:52-5
  • Hussain RN, Kanani H, McMullan T. Use of mini-monoka stents for punctal/canalicular stenosis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 May;96(5):671-3. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2011-300670. Epub 2012 Jan 12. PubMed 22241928 ↗
  • Mathew RG, Olver JM. Mini-monoka made easy: a simple technique for mini-monoka insertion in acquired punctal stenosis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 Jul-Aug;27(4):293-4. doi: 10.1097/IOP.0b013e31820ccfaf. PubMed 21386741 ↗
  • Konuk O, Urgancioglu B, Unal M. Long-term success rate of perforated punctal plugs in the management of acquired punctal stenosis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Sep-Oct;24(5):399-402. doi: 10.1097/IOP.0b013e318185a9ca. PubMed 18806663 ↗
  • Goldberg H, Priel A, Zloto O, Koval T, Varkel L, Ben Simon GJ. Kelly punch punctoplasty vs. simple punctal dilation, both with mini-monoka silicone stent intubation, for punctal stenosis related epiphora. Eye (Lond). 2021 Feb;35(2):532-535. doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-0891-3. Epub 2020 Apr 21. PubMed 32317792 ↗
  • Awny I, Mossa EAM, Bakheet TM, Mahmoud H, Mounir A. Changes of Lacrimal Puncta by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography after Topical Combined Antibiotic and Steroid Treatment in Cases of Inflammatory Punctual Stenosis. J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan 24;2022:7988091. doi: 10.1155/2022/7988091. eCollection 2022. PubMed 35111339 ↗
  • Wawrzynski JR, Smith J, Sharma A, Saleh GM. Optical coherence tomography imaging of the proximal lacrimal system. Orbit. 2014 Dec;33(6):428-32. doi: 10.3109/01676830.2014.949793. Epub 2014 Sep 12. PubMed 25215411 ↗
  • Jiao H, Hill LJ, Downie LE, Chinnery HR. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography: its application in clinical practice and experimental models of disease. Clin Exp Optom. 2019 May;102(3):208-217. doi: 10.1111/cxo.12835. Epub 2018 Oct 1. PubMed 30270476 ↗
  • Munk PL, Lin DT, Morris DC. Epiphora: treatment by means of dacryocystoplasty with balloon dilation of the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus. Radiology. 1990 Dec;177(3):687-90. doi: 10.1148/radiology.177.3.2243969. PubMed 2243969 ↗
  • Kashkouli MB, Nilforushan N, Nojomi N, Rezaee R. External lacrimal punctum grading: reliability and interobserver variation. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2008 Jul-Aug;18(4):507-11. doi: 10.1177/112067210801800401. PubMed 18609466 ↗
  • Offutt WN 4th, Cowen DE. Stenotic puncta: microsurgical punctoplasty. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1993;9(3):201-5. doi: 10.1097/00002341-199309000-00006. PubMed 8217962 ↗
  • Kashkouli MB, Beigi B, Murthy R, Astbury N. Acquired external punctal stenosis: etiology and associated findings. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Dec;136(6):1079-84. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(03)00664-0. PubMed 14644218 ↗
  • Bukhari A. Prevalence of punctal stenosis among ophthalmology patients. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2009 Apr;16(2):85-7. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.53867. PubMed 20142967 ↗
  • Kristan RW. Treatment of lacrimal punctal stenosis with a one-snip canaliculotomy and temporary punctal plugs. Arch Ophthalmol. 1988 Jul;106(7):878-9. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1988.01060140020006. No abstract available. PubMed 3390040 ↗
  • Esmaeli B, Valero V, Ahmadi MA, Booser D. Canalicular stenosis secondary to docetaxel (taxotere): a newly recognized side effect. Ophthalmology. 2001 May;108(5):994-5. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00640-0. PubMed 11320034 ↗
  • Nassief M, Alduwailah OKM, Lotfy NM. Acquired symptomatic external punctal stenosis: a tertiary referral center study. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol. 2021 May 31;10(1):18-23. doi: 10.51329/mehdiophthal1417. eCollection 2021 Spring. PubMed 37641620 ↗
  • Olver J. Colour Atlas of Lacrimal Surgery. Inglaterra: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2002
  • Kakizaki H, Takahashi Y, Iwaki M, Nakano T, Asamoto K, Ikeda H, Goto E, Selva D, Leibovitch I. Punctal and canalicular anatomy: implications for canalicular occlusion in severe dry eye. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012 Feb;153(2):229-237.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.07.010. Epub 2011 Oct 6. PubMed 21982102 ↗
  • Soiberman U, Kakizaki H, Selva D, Leibovitch I. Punctal stenosis: definition, diagnosis, and treatment. Clin Ophthalmol. 2012;6:1011-8. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S31904. Epub 2012 Jul 3. PubMed 22848141 ↗
  • Awny I, Mossa EAM, Bakheet TM, Mahmoud H, Mounir A. Evaluation of Lacrimal Punctal Changes by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography after Punctal Dilation Versus Punctal Plug Insertion in Cases of Inflammatory Punctual Stenosis. J Ophthalmol. 2022 Oct 20;2022:7666323. doi: 10.1155/2022/7666323. eCollection 2022. PubMed 36311352 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes

Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap, Icf, Csr

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 28, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07372014
Lead sponsor
Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 28, 2026
Start date
Jan 12, 2026
Primary completion
Mar 2, 2026 (estimated)
Completion
May 29, 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 28, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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