An interventional study of Balanced Diet in Healthy Adults, sponsored by University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan. Recruiting at 1 site in Pakistan. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 60 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-23.
Sponsored by University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
Twin study in Lahore will assess genetic vs. environmental effects on diet and metabolism. Over 12 weeks, monozygotic and dizygotic twins will follow a WHO-aligned balanced diet. Body composition, metabolic markers, and adherence will be measured. Monozygotic twins are expected to show greater similarity in response, clarifying personalized nutrition strategies in Pakistan.
Background: Twin studies help separate genetic and environmental influences on diet and metabolic health. With rising obesity and metabolic disorders in Pakistan, there is no twin-based dietary intervention data. Filling this gap is essential for developing effective, evidence-based personalized nutrition strategies.
Hypothesis: The null hypothesis states that there will be no difference in dietary response or within-pair similarity between monozygotic and dizygotic twins. The alternative hypothesis suggests that monozygotic twins will show greater similarity in diet response and that the balanced diet will significantly improve metabolic outcomes.
Methodology: A 12-week randomized controlled trial will recruit Monozygotic and Dizygotic twins aged 18-60 years in Lahore, Pakistan. Participants of interventional group will follow a WHO-aligned balanced diet. Body composition, metabolic markers, and dietary adherence will be assessed at baseline and week 12.
Statistical Design: Analyses will be conducted in SPSS using paired t-tests for within-pair comparisons and independent t-tests for Monozygotic vs. Dizygotic differences. Effect sizes will be calculated, with significance set at p \< 0.05.
Expected Outcomes: The study is expected to show that the balanced diet improves metabolic and body composition outcomes, with monozygotic twins displaying more similar responses than dizygotic twins. These findings will clarify genetic vs. environmental effects and support more targeted nutrition recommendations in Pakistan.
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan is the lead sponsor of 27 studies on the registry; 13 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Control group will remain on habitual Diet.
12-week culturally adapted WHO-aligned balanced diet emphasizing whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, fruits, and vegetables, individualized based on basal metabolic rate (BMR) and physical activity levels will be provided to interventional arm.
Other: Balanced Diet
12-week culturally adapted WHO-aligned balanced diet emphasizing whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, fruits, and vegetables. Macronutrient composition: 45-65% carbohydrates, 20-35% fats, 10-20% protein. Individualized based on basal metabolic rate (BMR) and physical activity. Weekly counseling and monitoring through dietary recalls and photographic diaries. This intervention aims to assess the effects of a balanced diet on body composition and metabolic parameters in monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
Change in Body Fat Percentage (%)
Change in total body fat percentage measured using the InBody analyzer to assess the effect of a 12-week balanced diet intervention.
Time frame: Baseline and after 12-Week of Intervention.
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose (mg/dL)
Change in fasting plasma glucose concentration measured to assess the metabolic effect of the 12-week balanced diet intervention. Unit: mg/dL Tool: Venous blood sample, enzymatic laboratory method
Time frame: Baseline and after 12 weeks
Change in Lipid Profile (mg/dL)
Change in fasting serum lipid concentrations measured to assess metabolic response to the 12-week balanced diet intervention. Includes: Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C, mg/dL) High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C, mg/dL) Triglycerides (mg/dL) Unit: mg/dL Tool: Venous blood sample, standard enzymatic laboratory methods
Time frame: Baseline and after 12 weeks
To compare within-pair similarity of Dietary Response
To compare the within-pair similarity of diet response between Monozygotic (MZ) and Dizygotic (DZ) twins, allowing estimation of genetic versus environmental contributions to dietary effects.
Time frame: Baseline and after 12-Weeks of intervention
Plan to share: No
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Start is estimated for Jan 2026; primary completion for Apr 2026, 3 months later.
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University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore - Pakistan